鞍钢二炼钢100tANS-OB控制[Al]_s或(Al_2O_3)的水力模型试验

采用水力学模型试验，模拟ＡＮＳ－ＯＢ铝热法ＯＢ后处理精炼钢水中的［Ａｌ］Ｓ或（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）进入浸渍罩内数量变化，以及测定钢水罐中的浸渍罩内、外均匀混合时间长短，确定该精炼工艺钢水罐底部供气量和浸渍罩插入深度的最佳参数．结果是钢水罐底部供气量在０．１２～０．１４ｍ３·ｈ－１，浸渍罩插入深度３３ｍｍ时，浸渍罩内外均匀混合时间最短，模拟［Ａｌ］Ｓ或（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）的小球进入浸渍罩内的数量最多．     

底吹电弧炉均匀混合特性的实验研究

以底吹电弧炉熔池水模型测定底吹５种布置方式下熔池均匀混合时间，指出内３孔布置是混合效果最佳布置方式，并得出其τ∝ｍε＾－ｎ（ｎ≈０．６）的结果。     

氧气顶底复吹热模型试验的数学解析模型

对氧气复吹转炉热模型试验炼钢过程中的冶金反应进行了理论解析,并提出了一个适合于从位于炉底中心位置的透气元件向熔池内部吹入惰性气体的搅拌条件下,可以描述复吹过程中熔池内部的成分和温度变化的数学解析模型,而且模型的计算结果与热模型试验的实测结果相一致。     

120t复吹转炉模型的试验研究

复吹转炉采用的底枪支数及其布置对吹炼效果有明显的影响.试验结果表明,120t复吹转炉四底枪效果较好,最佳位置是 0.2、0.2D正方形布置;在Jo_2=2.75m~3/min·t条件下,采用1—4支底枪,底部供气均存在一极限气量,采用3或4支底枪,顶部供氧也存在一极限值;为取得稳定和最佳的复吹效果,顶、底供气应有一最佳配合。     

复吹转炉熔池内流体流动的数值模拟

建立了描述复吹转炉熔池内流体流动的数学模型,采用PHOENICS（Parabolic Hyperbolic or Elliptic Numerical Integration Codes Series）商用软件模拟计算．根据模拟计算结果分析了底吹、顶吹、顶底复吹等不同工况下熔池内不同截面流体的流动状况和速度分布,得出各喷枪正常工作情况下,熔池内的流动是以转炉中心轴对称的三维流动,底吹、顶吹搅拌流动的动力主区和流动迟缓的旋涡区,提出在实际生产中应设法减少或消除的流动“死区”,转炉采取顶底复吹工艺时,底吹喷枪的合理布置位置应在熔池直径的（0．5～0．7）倍圆周上．     

电弧炉底吹搅拌混合特性的水模型研究

用实炉为３０ｔ电弧炉，缩尺为１：７的水模型确定了底吹气体流量，喷嘴孔径及孔数，喷嘴布置方式，液体深度对溶液均匀混合时间的影响，结果表明，底吹气体搅拌能密度增大，溶液均匀混合时间短，二者间的关系可用回归方程ｒ＝ｋε＾－ｎ表示；搅拌能密度相同时，均匀混合时间随喷吹点的增加而缩短，最佳喷吹点为中心圆及电极圆４孔，最佳喷嘴孔径为１．０～１．５ｍｍ均匀混合时间随溶液深度的降低而缩短。     

底吹条件对电弧炉熔池表面突起高度的影响

用３０ｔ底吹电弧炉１：７水模型探讨了底吹喷嘴孔数，孔径，气体搅拌功率及熔池深度对液面突起高度及上升速度的影响；得到了液面突起高度液体上升速度与气体搅拌功率的关系分别为：Δｈ＝０．３６１，Ｗ＾０．６６４，ｖＬ＝８４．１４４．Ｗ＾０．３３２，液面突起高度与气体搅拌功率及熔池深度的关系为：Δｈ＝０．８１５．Ｗ＾０．６６４．ｈ＾－０．６５９。     

邯钢250 t转炉吹炼参数对传质能力影响的实验研究

渣钢间传质速度决定了熔池元素的反应速度(尤其是脱碳和脱磷反应速度),并直接影响元素在渣钢间分配.本文以邯钢250 t转炉为研究对象,利用相似比1﹕9建立水模型,考虑供气流量、枪位和底吹位置因素研究转炉内传质能力.结果表明：加大顶吹供气强度和底吹供气强度能够大大提高熔池元素在渣钢间的分配;渣钢间传质系数随底吹气体流量降低而明显降低,建议底吹气体流量不低于0.06 m3·t-1·min-1;底吹孔数越多,渣钢间传质系数越大;底吹流量分配方案优于流量平均分配方案,建议采用.     

南钢15吨转炉复吹新工艺的研究

《转炉复合吹炼技术开发》为国家科委“七五”重点科技项目。南京钢铁厂和各兄弟单位一起经过5年努力,在3座15t转炉上全部采用复次新工艺,实现了正常生产的复吹化;采用了三级调气和氮氩切换的底部供气制度,并和顶枪基本恒枪位操作相配合,模索并制订了适合南钢工艺条件下的15t转炉复合吹炼工艺操作规程,经过不断改进研制的小集管式供气元件寿命达到与炉龄寿命同步,并稳定供气率超过400炉次,通过若干次现场较大规模的工艺试验和两次吊桶取样,获得了数万个数据,对15t转炉的复吹工艺理论作出了一定深度的研究。     

鞍钢二炼钢100t ANS—OB控制[Al]s或（Al2O3）的水力模型…

采用水力学模型试验，模拟ＡＮＳ－ＯＢ铝热法后处理精炼钢水中的（Ａｌ）ｓ或（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）进入浸渍罩内数量变化，以及测定钢水罐中的浸渍罩内，外均匀混合时间长短，确定该精炼工艺钢水罐底部供气量和浸渍罩插入深度的最佳参数。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to