面向大规模定制生产模式的工业设计

大规模定制是一种新兴的生产模式，它以大批量生产模式的成本和时间为消费者提供了个性化的定制商品，符合社会消费需求的发展趋势，因而日益受到企业的青睐。在这种新模式下，与之相关的工业设计思维模式也将随之发生转变，产品设计师的工作是以满足客户的个性化需求为目标，面向产品族设计。为了对客户的个性化需求做出快速的响应，产品设计过程应该是一种柔性化的设计过程。在大规模定制生产模式下，企业和客户的信息交流更具即时性、多样性和频繁性，因此，设计师还必须为企业和客户构建一个交互式的定制平台。     

面向客户的大批量定制设计方法研究

在工业设计领域中,面向客户的定制设计是为满足不同客户的个性化需求的一种设计方法,是今后大批量定制设计的主要发展方向之一。阐述了大批量定制生产中客户参与设计的方式和设计过程,从而为大批量定制的系统设计提供了一定的理论基础．同时根据客户需求对企业生产活动影响程度的不同,将各种设计方法在定制设计中的应用进行了研究分析。     

大批量定制设计技术的研究

以客户为中心的大规模定制生产模式是应运现代市场的需求而诞生的21世纪制造业的主流生产模式，面向大规模定制生产的产品设计技术是实施大规模定制生产的核心，它使得大规模定制生产具有可操作性，介绍了大批量定制和大批量定制设计的内容，讨论了大批量定制的设计方法，论述了大批量定制设计的实施要求，提出了大批量定制设计的研究方向。     

基于网络化制造的个性化定制关键技术

在研究个性化产品定制生产模式的基础上,提出了一种针对单件小批量生产模式下大型机械产品的个性化定制系统的框架,并分析该系统的工作流程·研究采用贝叶斯原理,根据捕获的先验知识和统计数据推断三方(客户、设计人员和工艺人员)异地产品协同设计中的设计状态类别,采用Java3D技术作为三维显示实现技术,根据客户端的输入设计参数进行三维模型参数化驱动设计·考虑到系统的可移植性和网络通信要求,用Java语言开发了系统软件·借助这一系统,客户可以与设计人员共同定制出满足客户个性化需要的产品,为企业有效地满足客户多品种、小批量、多批次、短周期和高质量的消费需求提供一条新的途径     

面向大规模定制的产品版本管理研究与实现

为满足客户日益增长的个性化需求,越来越多的企业采用大规模定制的生产模式组织生产,与传统大规模生产模式相比,复杂装配产品(比如汽车)的版本数量将会大量增长,这对产品版本管理技术提出挑战.本文提出一种版本时间追踪法解决面向产品结构的版本管理和产品历史数据追踪问题,并在东风汽车取得了良好的应用效果.     

定制营销概述及其策略分析

近年来,丰富的商品供应带来了激烈的市场竞争,同时也促进了客户需求的多样化.为满足客户需求和赢得市场竞争,企业不得不生产定制化、个性化的产品并提供相应的服务,同时又要满足上市快、低成本和高质量的要求.大规模定制为企业提供了满足这些需求的一条途径.本文分析了定制营销发展的积极作用,对定制营销的营销策略,本文按照4c理论从顾客需求、成本、便利和沟通四个方面进行了阐述.     

定制营销在房地产中的应用

随着社会物质文明的逐渐发展,人们对个性化房地产的要求来越高,房地产市场开始由买方市场取代卖方市场的地位,为追求企业经营的最大利润,房地产企业竞争也由以往对房产成本和质量的竞争,转变为对时间和客户需求的竞争。大规模定制开发能够根据客户需求为其提供定制化产品,提高客户的商品满意度,成为了现今房地产开发中最受欢迎的生产方式。房地产商品大规模定制需要将房产品构建模块化,让产品生产遵循客户的个性化需求,并以现代技术对定制程度进行合理的确定以及改变营销理念。     

大规模定制环境下基于GBOM的精确报价实现

随着定制时代的来临,客户个性化进一步凸显,为了低成本地实现客户化生产,制造商开始转向大规模定制的生产模式．在该模式下企业必须快速配置出客户化的产品结构,计算出产品的精确成本和报价并提供给客户。为此,在讨论BOM、GBOM与大规模定制关系的基础上,提出大规模定制环境下基于GBOM的精确报价实现方法,给出了基于GBOM的产品选项及配置模型及产品成本计算方法,并将该方法在相关的企业进行了应用,取得了较好的商业价值。     

大规模个性化定制研究的知识图谱分析

利用文献计量工具CiteSpace和书目共现分析系统(bibliographic items co-occurrence matrix builder,BICOMB)对2000—2020年CNKI数据库中收录的大规模个性化定制研究的相关文献进行可视化分析,绘制其关键词共现、知识聚类、时区图等图谱,归纳大规模个性化定制研究的关键技术和演变历程。研究发现:大规模个性化定制领域已有一定的理论成果,并在服装、家电等行业进行了实践验证,但研究主要集中在配置设计和模块化上,前沿分支较少;其关键技术有客户需求获取、配置设计、产品平台以及模块化;明确其演化路径是以大规模定制为载体发展为智能制造下的特色分支,依托智能制造技术加深定制程度,实现真正意义上的大规模个性化定制。     

“大规模定制”生产模式在钢铁企业的应用实践

探讨了全球化市场背景下企业所面临的市场个性化需求和现场共性化生产要求间的矛盾，指出了我国钢铁行业追求的主流生产模式应是“大规模定制”，分析了国内钢铁企业推行“大规模定制”生产模式亟待解决的问题。结合实际，总结分析了宝山钢铁股份有限公司（宝钢）推进“大规模定制”模式所取得的初步成果和经验。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.