分离型激光启动靶光电探测系统及信号处理电路

介绍了一种用作分离型激光启动靶的光电探测系统及信号处理电路．半导体激光光源经准直、扩束形成激光光幕，再经距光幕一定距离(3—5m)外的具有原向反射特性的微珠玻璃屏反射回来后经球面反射镜的会聚由光电探测器接收．当弹丸飞越光幕后，光电探测系统可以获取弹丸过靶信号，实现对弹丸运动的研究．章给出了56式7．62mm弹丸实测波形．结果表明该系统有效靶区大，使用灵活方便，适用于大口径或弹道散布较大的弹丸速度的测量，也可用做其它设备(如狭缝相机等)的触发信号源．     

用于高速摄影的触发信号源

触发信号源采用半导体激光器,扇形光幕和原向反射器构成,可为高速摄影系统提供启动信号,成对使用可进行运动物体速度的测量.文中对微珠玻璃原向反射器的工作原理进行了理论分析,提出了剩余发散角的概念,并对商品微珠玻璃原向反射器的反射率和剩余发散角进行了测试,为设计触发信号源的光学结构提供了依据.同时给出了利用狭缝相机拍摄到的56式7.62mm枪弹运动姿态.实验结果表明触发信号源无框架装置有效作用区大,抗干扰能力强,不受环境照明条件的影响,具有非接触、可全天候工作、性能稳定可靠、使用灵活方便等特点.     

亚像素级细分在CCD光靶中的应用研究

由高速线阵CCD相机基于交汇原理组成的弹丸立靶坐标、射击密集度测试系统,其测试精度与弹丸图像的边缘位置密切相关,弹丸穿过大靶面的边缘区域时成像模糊,其灰度值呈连续变化状态,常用的图像边缘检测算子已经不能适应这种情况.对8 m×8 m的靶面,一个像素就会在物方最大引起±10 mm的测试误差.将Sobel边缘检测算子的粗检测定位与三次样条函数差值的细检测相结合,先用sobel算子粗检测,再构建三次样条函数,利用三次样条插值对弹丸图像边缘进行亚像素级细分.实弹射击试验结果证明,这种方法能够将系统的最大测试误差降低到±2.5 mm.     

CCD 交汇测量技术研究

ＣＣＤ交汇测量技术研究吕海宝杨华勇黄锐王跃科周卫红谌廷政（国防科技大学八系长沙４１００７３）用两个线阵ＣＣＤ相机组成的交汇测量系统已经在中低速大型动态飞行目标的航迹测量上获得了较成功的应用。本文首先介绍了用两个线阵ＣＣＤ相机组成交汇测量系统的原理，进...     

弹丸着靶位置测量研究

分析了采用单光幕面测量弹丸着靶坐标的测量原理,其光幕靶面由4个点光源形成;弹丸穿过光幕面时,由编码光纤采集触发信号,经解码后得到光纤序号,据几何关系计算出弹丸在穿过靶面的位置坐标,并由此推导出其坐标测量误差计算公式;对1 m×1 m的光幕靶面,在matlab平台下对误差进行仿真分析,结果表明,能够达到位置坐标的测量精度要求。     

失能眩光形成机理的研究

由视觉可靠性的要求,分析了阈对比和背景亮度之间的关系;根据夜间行车时前照灯的实际照明环境,讨论了眩光在人眼视网膜上形成的等效光幕亮度及产生的失能眩光;等效光幕亮度的增加导致对比度下降并使眼睛出现失能;最后给出了当光强增大时由于对比度下降而造成失能眩光出现的实验结果。     

基于交比不变和间距比不变的线阵相机畸变标定方法

基于线阵相机双目视觉成像技术可有效检测汽车底盘异物,保证人员安全。但相机畸变影响几何量测、三维重建精度。并且由于线阵相机与面阵相机的成像模型不同,造成适用于面阵相机畸变校正算法无法直接运用在线阵相机当中。通过研究面阵相机的畸变成像模型,结合线阵相机的成像特点,推导出线阵相机的畸变成像模型。利用交比不变性和间距比不变性,结合线阵相机的畸变成像模型,建立二元畸变方程组;并利用等间距条形标靶获得相应参数。最后对新方法进行了真实图像校正实验,证明该方法畸变标定简单易行,有效。     

新型数字激光动光弹性实验技术在爆炸力学中的应用

 用泵浦激光器和高速数码相机(Fastcam SA5)分别取代传统的多火花式点光源和多幅式胶片相机,将高速数码相机和激光光源组成的高速摄影系统与动光弹性实验方法相结合,建立了新型数字激光动光弹性实验系统。应用该系统进行了爆炸载荷下的动光弹性实验研究,实验显示,与传统动光弹性实验系统相比,新型数字激光动光弹性实验系统具有记录时间长、采集频率高、实验结果可靠、操作方便、便于实现自动化分析处理等特点。研究结果表明,这一新型数字激光动光弹性实验技术是研究爆炸力学的有效工具。     

多点动位移数字图像相关法光测技术研究

动位移测量在诸多工程领域中有着大量需求,针对现有各种测量技术仍然存在着效率低、精度差、成本高等局限性。基于数字图像相关(digital image correlation, DIC)原理,建立了一套多点动位移高精度光测技术及系统。首先设计了一种基于同心圆的靶标专用图案,用于测点的自动识别及图像的自动标定,并通过对硬件配套软件SDK(software development kit)的二次开发,构建形成了可同时适用于无线和有线工业相机的硬件架构,最终开发形成多点动位移DIC光测软件系统。采用3等精度量块对该系统进行精度校准试验,结果表明该系统测量精度为0.01 mm,系统基本误差为0.05%,灵敏度为0.2%。进一步开展典型应用场景测试,发现该系统在低频振动测量时具备与高精度激光位移传感器相当的精度,而对于高频振动场景,采用高频率相机也可实现动位移高精度实时测量。可见该系统与激光位移传感器等相比有显著优势,可在实验室测量、工程现场测试等场景中推广应用。     

聚合物光纤器件和系统研制

该项目研究内容主要包括：聚合物光纤几何参数测试仪、聚合物光纤谱损测试仪、聚合物光纤通信系统。聚合物光纤几何参数测试仪是由放在精度很高的工作导轨上的平行光照明源，载物台，显微镜，高清晰度CCD和PC机组成，一些部件可精确调整，以实现光学系统的精确调焦。聚合物光纤谱损测试仪主要由氙灯光源，微型光栅单色仪、CCD、高速线阵CCD数据采集卡和计算机系统构成。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.