聚碳酸亚丙酯／有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与性能

通过熔融插层法制备了聚碳酸亚丙酯（PPC）／有机蒙脱土（OMMT）复合材料。XRD分析表明：PPC／OMMT复合材料形成了插层型纳米复合结构。相对于纯PPC材料，纳米复合材料的拉伸性能和抗冲击性能得到了显著提高，但复合材料的断裂伸长率降低。当OMMT含量为6％时，PPC／OMMT纳米复合材料具有最优的力学性能和最高的玻璃化温度。     

聚碳酸亚丙酯/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与性能

通过熔融插层法制备了聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)复合材料。XRD分析表明:PPC/OMMT复合材料形成了插层型纳米复合结构。相对于纯PPC材料,纳米复合材料的拉伸性能和抗冲击性能得到了显著提高,但复合材料的断裂伸长率降低。当OMMT含量为6%时,PPC/OMMT纳米复合材料具有最优的力学性能和最高的玻璃化温度。     

铁硫化物／石墨烯纳米复合材料溶剂热法一步合成

以二茂铁和硫磺粉作为铁源和硫源,乙醇或邻二氯苯为溶剂,利用溶剂热法一步合成了FeS2／石墨烯和Fe2S8／石墨烯纳米复合材料;采用X射线衍射（XRD）法、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）对产物的晶相结构和形貌进行了分析与表征;并研究了原料的配比及溶剂对产物的组成和形貌的影响．当二茂铁与硫磺粉的摩尔比为1：2．5时,所得产物为Fe7S8／石墨烯纳米复合材料;而当它们的摩尔比为1：2时,所得产物为FeS2／石墨烯纳米复合材料,使用乙醇或邻二氯苯为溶剂合成所得FeS2／石墨烯纳米复合材料的形貌有较大的差异．     

Ti对Al2O3／Ni复合材料相界面润湿及力学性能的影响

以无压烧结方式制备了Ａｌ２Ｏ３／２０％Ｎｉ（Ｔｉ）（体积分数）复合材料．通过分析Ｔｉ元素的分布状态，研究了Ｔｉ添加剂对Ａｌ２Ｏ３／２０％Ｎｉ复合材料相界面润湿及力学性能的影响规律．结果表明，Ｔｉ元素集中分布在Ａｌ２Ｏ３／Ｎｉ相界面附近，并通过促进相界面润湿，强化相界面结合而显著改善复合材料的力学性能．实验成分范围内，随Ｔｉ含量增加，三点弯曲强度提高，而断裂韧性在３％Ｔｉ（质量百分数）时具有最大值，为６．２ＭＰａｍ１２．断口形貌分析表明，复合材料的增韧机理为桥接机理     

生物可降解性聚碳酸亚丙酯／有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料的热氧老化

通过熔融插层法制备了聚碳酸亚丙酯（PPC）／有机蒙脱土（OMMT）纳米复合材料。研究了OMMT对PPC／OMMT纳米复合材料热氧老化的影响。结果表明，老化以后复合材料的拉伸强度以及断裂伸长率的保留率均高于纯PPC。加入OMMT后，复合材料的热老化性能明显改善。     

纳米CaCO3粉体在聚合物HDPE中分散性和力学性能的研究

为了改善聚合物HDPE的强韧性，利用扫描电子显微镜、微机控制电子万能试验机和液晶式摆锤冲击试验机等研究了表面处理剂、增容剂对HDPE／CaCO3共混材料力学性能的影响。结果表明，用表面处理剂硬脂酸处理的纳米级CaCO3粉体对HDPE相界面粘接作用有一定的改善，纳米CaCO3粉体在基体HDPE中的均匀分散性得到改善；加入增容剂（HDPE—g—MAN）后使得HDPE／纳米CaCO3共混材料力学性能进一步提高，为HDPE／纳米CaCO3复合材料的设计和生产运用提供重要的理论依据。     

HDPE/PA54阻隔材料的制备及力学性能优化

利用高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）与尼龙54（PA54）,并加入一定量的增容剂锌中和乙烯丙烯酸三元共聚物（Zn-EAA）,熔融共混制备阻隔型HDPE／PA54共混体系．讨论了W（PA54）含量、增容剂W（Zn—EAA）含量、加工温度及共混时转子转速对共混体系熔体力矩、甲苯的阻隔性能及拉伸屈服强度的影响．研究发现,增加W（PA54）含量,共混体系的熔体力矩有所降低,对甲苯的阻隔性能有所上升,但拉伸屈服强度降低,过高的W（ZnEAA）对阻隔性能不利;升高共混温度,共混体系的熔体力矩下降,阻隔性能先上升后下降,拉伸屈服强度基本不变;增加共混时转子转速,共混体系的熔体力矩升高,阻隔性能有所下降,拉伸屈服强度略有上升．当W（HDPE／PA54）一60／40、Zn—EAA相对于PA54质量含量为15％、共混加工温度为180—190℃、螺杆转速为80-95r／min时,HDPE／PA54共混体系的阻隔性能和力学性能最优．     

Cu／Ti3AlC2复合材料的耐磨性研究

以元素单质粉Ti,Al,C,Cu为原料,采用机械合金化和放电等离子烧结（SPS）,成功制备了Cu／Ti3AlC2复合材料块体,并对其进行了组织性能分析。实验结果表明：采用SPS烧结技术制备的Cu／Ti3AlC2复合材料,随着Ti3AlC2含量的增加,其显微硬度逐渐提高,相同烧结工艺条件下（900℃烧结,保温20min）添加15vol％Ti3AlC2复合材料的硬度比纯Cu提高近2倍;添加适量的Ti3AlC2可显著提高复合材料的耐磨性,当复合材料中含5vol％Ti3AlC2时,磨损量降低30％以上。     

花瓣状镍钴层状双金属氢氧化物微球的制备及其超级电容性能

在乙醇-水（y（乙醇）：y（水）=9：1）的反应介质中,以SiO,@A100H为硬模板,加入镍钴盐前驱体和碱源,水热法制备了花瓣状镍钴层状双金属氢氧化物微球（NiCo．LDHM）。采用扫描电子显电镜、透射电镜和电化学工作站等对此复合材料进行了表征。研究发现,该微球平均粒径约2．5μm,呈多孔结构,由厚度10nm左右纳米片自组装形成。在1A／g的电流密度下,该产物电极的比电容量达到1108．8F／g,明显优于普通镍钴层状双金属氢氧化物电极（710．5F／g）的比电容量。当电流密度增加到7A／g,比电容量为700．8F／g,恒电流充一放电l500次后比电容量仍高于94．5％,由此说明了复合材料具有优异的超级电容性能。     

SiC/Ti(C,N)/Al2O3陶瓷复合材料的抗热震性能设计及其切削应用

抗热震性能是结构陶瓷材料的重要性能之一．以抗热震断裂参数表征材料的抗热震性能，采用理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了基于抗热震性能的陶瓷复合材料的组分设计模型，并采用计算机辅助优化设计技术求得材料的最优组分．结果表明：当Ti（C，N）和SiC的体积含量分别为10．4％和27．1％时，该材料具有最高的抗热震性能，比纯氧化铝陶瓷提高约55％．在此基础上，利用热压技术制得一种SiC／Ti（C，N）／Al2O3复合陶瓷材料．将该材料制成切削刀具，并在切削实验中通过设计切削条件使得刀具主要承受热载荷和热应力的作用，从而发生热）中击破损．实验发现，SiC／Ti（C，N）／Al2O3复合陶瓷刀具切削淬火钢时的抗热）中击破损性能较纯Al2O3陶瓷提高约62-68％，与抗热震性能设计的理论预测基本吻合．这表明，该设计方法是可行的．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to