镧与8-羟基喹啉水杨酸配合物的热化学研究

目的:由七水氯化镧与水杨酸、8-羟基喹啉反应合成多元混合配合物,并测定该合成反应的标准摩尔反应焓以及配合物的标准摩尔生成焓。方法:应用溶解量热法分别测定了七水氯化镧、水杨酸、8-羟基喹啉和配合物在298.15 K、混合量热溶剂(VDMF:VEtOH:VHClO4=1:1:0.5)中的标准摩尔溶解焓。通过设计热化学循环,根据盖斯定律计算了合成反应的标准摩尔反应焓以及配合物的标准摩尔生成焓。结果:该配合物的化学式是La(C7H5O3)2?(C9H6NO)。各物质的溶解焓分别为△sH mΘ[LaCl3?7H2O(s),298.15 K]=-96.45±0.18 kJ·mol-1,△sH mΘ[2 C7H6O3(s),298.15 K]=14.99±0.17 kJ?mol-1,△sH mΘ[C9H7NO(s),298.15 K]=-3.86±0.06 kJ?mol-1及?sH mΘ[La(C7H5O3)2·(C9H6NO)(s),298.15 K]=-117.78±0.11 kJvmol-1。反应LaCl3?7H2O(s)+2C7H6O3(s)+C9H7NO(s)=La(C7H5O3)2·(C9H6NO)(s)+3HCl(g)+7H2O(l)的标准摩尔反应焓为91.57±0.33 kJ·mol-1。La(C7H5O3)2?(C9H7NO)(s)的标准摩尔生成焓为△fHmΘ[La(C7H5O3)2·(C9H6NO)(s),298.15 K]=-2076.5±3.9 kJ·mol-1。     

Ce(TCA)3·3H2O(s)的标准生成热

为深入研究三氯醋酸铈配合物,很有必要认识其基本热力学性质。用溶解量热法,在自行研制的具有恒定温度环境的新型反应量热计中,测定CeCl3·7H2O(s) 、CCl3COOH(s)和 Ce(TCA)3·3H2O(s)在1mol/L HCl中的溶解焓。根据盖斯定律设计一个热化学循环,得到七水合氯化铈与三氯醋酸反应的反应焓DrHmq (298.15K)= 204.279kJ/mol,并求出了Ce(TCA)3·3H2O(s)的标准生成焓DfHmq [Ce(TCA)3·3H2O,s,298.15K]=-3060.0 kJ/mol。     

硝酸铽与丙氨酸配位反应的热化学研究

采用具有恒温环境的反应量热计,以溶解量热法,分别测定了298.15 K 时[Tb(NO3)3·6H2O(s)+4Ala(s)]和配合物Tb(Ala)4(NO3)3·H2O(s)在2 mol·L-1 HCl 溶液中的溶解焓.通过设计的热化学循环,可计算得到六水硝酸铽和丙氨酸配位反应的反应焓ΔrHθm(298.15 K)＝28.727 kJ·mol-1,并计算出配合物 Tb(Ala)4(NO3)3·H2O(s) 在298.15 K 时的标准生成焓ΔfHθm(298.15 K)＝-3 847.0 kJ·mol-1.测定了Tb(Ala)4(NO3)3·H2O(s)在水中的溶解焓,计算出配离子Tb(Ala)3+4(aq) 在298.15 K时的标准生成焓ΔfHθm[Tb(Ala) 3+4,aq,298.15 K]＝-2 973.5 kJ·mol-1.     

量热法测定氯化铽甘氨酸配合物及其配离子的示准生成焓

采用具有恒温环境的反应量热计,在2 mol· L-1 HCl溶液中,分别测定[TbCl3·6H2O (s)+ 3Gly(s)]和配合物Tb(Gly)3Cl3·3 H2O(s)在298.15 K时的溶解焓.根据盖斯定律设计一个热化学循环,得到六水氯化铽和甘氨酸配位反应的反应焓Δr Hmθ(298.15 K)=-6.247...     

量热法测定氯化铕甘氨酸配合物及其配离子的标准生成焓

应用具有恒温环境的反应量热计,在298.15 K的温度下,分别测定了[EuCl_3·6H_2O(s)+3Gly(s)]和配合物Eu(Gly)_3Cl_3·3H_2O(s)在2 mol·L~(-1)HCl溶液中的溶解焓.根据盖斯定律设计一个热化学循环,可计算得到三水氯化铕和甘氨酸配位反应的反应焓△_rH_m~θ(298.15 K)=-55.598 kJ·mol~(-1),并计算出配合物Eu(Gly)_3Cl_3·3H_2O(s)在298.15 K时的标准生成焓△_fH_m~θ(298.15 K)=一3 598.02 kJ·mol~(-1).同时测定了Eu(Gly)_3Cl_3·3H_2O(s)在水中的溶解焓△_sH_m=9.375 kJ·mol~(-1),并计算出配离子Eu(Gly)_3~3(aq)在298.15 K时的标准生成焓△_f H_m~θ[Eu(Gly)_3~(3+),aq,298.15 K]=一2 229.68 kJ·mol~(-1).     

硝酸铈与丙氨酸配位反应的热化学研究

用新型的具有恒温环境的反应热量计,以溶解量热法,分别测定了25℃时(Ce(NO3)3·6H2O 4Ala)和Ce(Ala)4(NO3)3·H2O在2 mol·L-1HCl溶剂中的溶解焓.通过设计的热化学循环,得到了六水硝酸铈与丙氨酸配位反应的反应焓△rHm=-22.268 kJ·mol-1,并计算出配合物Ce(Ala)4(NO3)3·H2O在298.2 K时的标准生成焓△fHθm[Ce(Ala)4(NO3)3·H2O,s,298.2 K]=-3 928.5 kJ·mol-1.     

量热法测定氯化钴与2-氨基嘧啶配合物的生成焓

制备了2-氨基嘧啶(AP)与钴的配合物Co(AP)2Cl2,并对其组成进行了测定.采用具有恒温环境的溶解-反应量热计,分别测定了298.15K时[CoCl2?6H2O(s)+2AP(s)]和Co(AP)2Cl2(s)在100.00mL2mol?L-1HCl溶液中的溶解焓.通过设计热化学循环得到2-氨基嘧啶(AP)和氯化钴反应的反应焓?rHmΘ=48.81±0.61kJ.mol-1,进而计算出配合物Co(AP)2Cl2在298.15K时的标准摩尔生成焓为?fHmΘ[Co(AP)2Cl2,s,298.15K]=–443.41±3.46kJ.mol-1.     

三元配合物La(Et2 dtc)3(phen)的热化学性质

目的研究三元配合物La(Et2dtc)3(phen)的热化学性质.方法采用了微量热法和燃烧法.结果铜试剂(NaEt2dtc·3H2O)和邻菲咯啉(phen·H2O)与水合氯化镧(LaCl3·3.94H2O)在无水乙醇中反应,制得三元固态配合物La(Et2dtc)3(phen).在298.15 K下测得了该配合物的液相生成反应的焓变△rHθm(l),为(-8.801±0.043)kJ/mol,计算了固相生成反应的焓变△rHθm(s),为(70.428±0.293)kJ/mol;配合物的恒容燃烧能△cU为(-17 455.98±7.98)kJ/mol,其标准燃烧焓△cHθm和标准生成焓△fHθm经计算分别为(-17 475.19±7.98)kJ/mol,(-1 257.78±8.84)kJ/mol.结论IR光谱表明该配合物中La3+与3个NaEt2dtc中的6个硫原子双齿配位,同时与邻菲咯啉中的2个氮原子双齿配位,配位数为8.     

稀土多元配合物的热力学函数的计算与讨论

本文通过应用微量热法对轻稀土多元配合物的热化学性质研究发现,在该组内稀土元素配合物的标准摩尔生成焓与原子序数基本呈线性关系,从而线性拟合计算出稀土配合物Pr(TCA)3.3H2O(s),Pr(TCA)(C9H6NO)2(s)的标准摩尔生成焓分别为:-3056.65 kJ.mol-1,-1362.24 kJ.mol-1;并且利用文献数据计算出稀土配合物Ce(Gly)2(Ala)3Cl3.3H2O(s),Nd(Gly)2(Ala)3Cl3.3H2O(s),Sm(Gly)2(Ala)3Cl3.3H2O(s)的晶格能分别为:-4960.8±4.32kJ.mol-1,-5026.7±4.32 kJ.mol-1,-5109.9±4.32 kJ.mol-1,结果符合镧系收缩规律.     

三元配合物[Nd(C9H7O2)3(C12H8N2)]· H2O的热化学研究

目的制备三元配合物[Nd(C9H7O2)3(C12H8N2)]·H2O,并计算出其ΔfHΘm。方法在甲醇和无水乙醇溶液中由六水氯化钕、1,10-邻菲罗啉以及肉桂酸反应合成[Nd(C9H7O2)3(C12H8N2)]·H2O,并采用红外光谱对其表征。依照热力学原理和Hess定律设计热化学循环。在298.15K及常压下,利用恒温环境的微量热计测定六水氯化钕、1,10-邻菲罗啉、肉桂酸以及三元配合物在混合溶剂(体积比0.5mol/L HClO4∶DMF∶乙醇∶水=1.5∶2.0∶1.0∶1.0)中的溶解焓。结果与结论设计下列配位反应的热化学循环:NdCl3·6H2O(s)+3C9H8O2(s)+C12H8N2·H2O(s)=[Nd(C9H7O2)3(C12H8N2)]·H2O(s)+3HCl(l)+6H2O,求得了三元配合物[Nd(C9H7O2)3(C12H8N2)·H2O(s)]的标准摩尔生成焓:ΔfHΘm[[Nd(C9H7O2)3(C12H8N2)]·H2O(s),298.15K]=1 933.522±0.402kJ·mol-1。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-