渭南市城市水资源优化调度研究

针对渭南市供水系统水源(量)调度问题,采用系统科学的方法进行了初步研究。通过分析大量实际资料,剖析渭南市区供水系统各要素及其相互关系和水源工程的特点,建立了渭南市区供水水源优化调度的模型;运用系统工程中动态规划模型,获得了渭南市市区供水水源优化调度策略式方案。     

对黄河兰州段取水水源水质管理的几点建议

对黄河兰州段取水水源水质管理的几点建议孙晓霞（兰州市自来水总公司７３００６０）王宇红（兰州市卫生防疫站７３００３０）兰州市是全国１５个大经济区域中心城市之一，是西北第二大城市。黄河穿越市区由西向东流过，为兰州市城市供水提供了丰富的地面水水源。供水工程...     

吉林省中部城市引松供水工程设计关键技术研究

吉林省中部城市引松供水工程属于大型调水工程,阐述了从第二松花江上丰满水库引水至吉林省中部地区,向长春市、四平市、辽源市等11个市(县、区)的城市生活及生产供水,同时退还和增加农业用水及河道生态用水,保障地下水合理开采,改善生态环境的关键技术,以实现多水源多用户的水资源优化配置.     

桂林市城市水资源利用现状与问题分析

详细分析了桂林市城区水资源开发利用和水资源配置格局现状,认为桂林市城市水资源开发利用存在的主要问题有漓江供水压力增大、城市供水水源单一、水源储备不足、水资源开发利用不均衡且与城市发展布局不相匹配等.针对这些问题,提出应优化供水格局、加强城市双水源建设、加强行业用水管理与布局等相应的合理对策及未来桂林市城市水资源利用的方向.     

自备水源井对太原市地下水资源及公共供水的影响

自备水源井大量无序开采对太原市城市水资源及公共供水产生了极大的影响,主要是对城市水资源和水环境造成严重破坏,造成水市场的无序竞争,导致公共供水企业亏损增加,严重影响了饮用人群的身体健康,干扰了节水工作的开展。     

快速城市化条件下地下水开发的环境效应研究

赋存于寒武系和奥陶系灰岩中的岩溶水是徐州市的主要供水水源.1978年以来,随着经济的发展和快速城市化,市区岩溶地下水开采量逐年增加;而且城市西北郊煤矿的开采疏排水活动也导致大量的地下水流失.上述两种作用导致徐州市岩溶地下水位的持续下降,降落漏斗面积逐年增加,增强了地下水系统的脆弱性,诱发了诸如局部水资源枯竭、水质恶化、地下水污染和岩溶塌陷等一系列环境问题.这些环境问题具有系统性和连锁性的特征,已严重影响了城市的发展质量,增加了城市供水的风险.根据各个环境要素演化关系,本文建立了城市化条件下地下水开发的环境效应概念模型,并提出了岩溶地下水保护的措施建议.     

安徽省北部重点城市地下水资源特征与开发潜力

阜阳市、淮北市、宿州市、毫州市是安徽省北部4个重点城市，由于地表水体受到严重污染，这些城市全部依赖地下水作为供水水源．以地下水系统理论为指导，以地下水资源可持续利用为目的，详细论述了这些城市的地下水资源特征．通过地下水可采资源量与现状需水量及未来需水量的统计分析，获得地下水资源的开发潜力．研究结果表明，安徽省北部4个重点城市地下水严重超采现象以及由此导致的环境地质问题主要产生于不合理的开发利用方式，如果变城区水源地高密度集中开采为大范围的分散开采．变单纯开采中深层、深层承压水为潜水和承压水联合开采。这些城市地下水资源完全能够满足需要．还就此对“引江济淮”工程提出建议．     

西安市供水水源优化调度研究

地对西安市严重缺水问题,对西安城市供水的三个主要地表水水源建立了优化调度模型,采用大系统分解协调及逐步优化算法（ＰＯＡ）进行求解,初步探讨了不同水平年和典型水文年的优化调度方案,为干作寻求解决西安城市供水危机的最优策略奠定了基础。     

关于水务一体化的调查与思考

通过对忻州市进行的关于水务一体化的调查，揭示了我国水资源管理实行的分级、分部门的管理体制存在的弊端，提出了新时期的治水思路，即建立集防洪、水源、供水、用水、节水、排水、污水处理及回用一体化管理的水务局，统一管理城乡水资源。     

关于城市生态饮用水供水网络优化问题的研究

生态饮水供应问题是一个重要的民生问题,获得新的水源供给并扩建原有的排水系统和供水管道系统,是城市发展面临的一个重要课题.通过对西宁市所辖区域内的供水网络最大总供水能力,计算出网络供水最大化流,以此判定做为该城市供水网络是否优化的依据,为决策部门提供相应的数据支持.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-