微流控芯片上全自动单细胞电动操控技术

发明了一种基于尺寸差异的单细胞全自动操控微流控芯片装置,可全自动检测细胞的大小,并对目标细胞进行全自动的电动操控。本装置主要由微流控芯片、差分放大器、继电器、数据采集卡以及计算机等组成。当细胞通过微流控芯片的电阻脉冲检测(RPS)的检测区时,会产生一个一定幅值的脉冲信号,计算机会根据设定的信号幅值自动识别出目标细胞,并控制继电器的通断电,继电器通电后,继电器所在通道内会产生电渗流,从而将目标细胞输运至该收集通道。系统具有全自动操控和分选精度高等突出优点,非常适合于操控样品中少量的目标细胞,如循环肿瘤细胞等。     

微流控芯片上油液磨粒电容检测

报道一种可用来检测和计数油液中磨粒个数的微流控芯片实验室装置(microfluidic lab-on-chip).使用直径为25μm铜丝作为电极,在PDMS徼流控芯片上加工获得三维电容传感器,油液样品在微流控芯片上由注射泵驱动通过传感器.金属磨粒与油液介电常数不同,每一个通过电容传感器的磨粒均会产生电容脉冲信号,脉冲信号幅值反映了磨粒大小,而脉冲个数即为磨粒数量,实现了最小粒径为8 μm的铝磨粒的检测和计数.该油液磨粒检测装置具有结构简单、成本低、检测精度高等优点,有望应用于远洋船舶的油液离线分析.     

尿蛋白分离中微流控芯片的制作与电渗流速度检测的研究

提出了微流控芯片应用于尿蛋白分离中的芯片制作与电渗流速度检测方法,讨论了用SG4009匀胶铬版玻璃制作微流控芯片过程中提高芯片质量的方法;采用以CCD为图像传感器的微通道尺寸的检测方法和以Rh123中性分子为标定物的直接测定电渗流速度的方法进行尿蛋白分离.结果表明,该法可提高临床的诊断率.     

微流控芯片在单细胞捕获中的应用

 单细胞捕获是单细胞水平研究的前提和重要组成部分。微流控芯片通常具有与细胞尺寸相当的微通道结构,并能操控纳升至皮升级的极小体积流体,非常适用于高通量的单细胞捕获,加上微流控芯片能够将其他多种操作单元集成在一起,为单细胞分析提供了一种效率高、消耗低的研究平台。概述并对比了多种涉及流体力学、光、电、磁、声等领域的微流控单细胞捕获技术的原理和应用,展望了其未来的研究方向。     

微流控芯片上润滑油中微金属颗粒快速分离

润滑油中金属磨粒在线检测是实现船舶机械设备润滑状态监测和故障预判的重要方法之一。为了检测润滑油中不同类型金属磨粒,设计并搭建了微流控芯片上基于离心力作用的金属颗粒分离系统。该系统以微流控芯片为平台,设计了圆弧形流道结构,利用ANSYS CFX软件对微颗粒运动进行仿真模拟。实验操纵金属颗粒在离心力作用下实现分离,并进入不同种类金属颗粒通道。仿真和实验研究结果表明,所设计的金属颗粒分离系统可实现润滑油液中直径为15μm的铜、铝颗粒的有效分离。     

微流控芯片上电色谱聚合物整体柱研究进展

微流控芯片是近年来发展迅速的一个研究领域,其微型化、集成化、自动化的特性为人们所关注。芯片电色谱是微流控芯片的一个重要研究方向,兼具高效液相色谱的高选择性和毛细管电泳的高效性。本文介绍了芯片电色谱柱制造工艺的研究现状,并综述了微流控芯片上聚合物整体柱的研究进展。     

基于物理性质捕获循环肿瘤细胞的微流控芯片

为满足利用微流控技术实现芯片上循环肿瘤细胞捕获日益增长的需求,研制出基于肿瘤细胞尺寸和变形性进行分离的微流控芯片。基于细胞尺寸和变形性差异原理设计芯片,利用半导体加工技术制备出以玻璃和聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)为材料的微流控芯片,使用8μm间隔的微柱作为捕获单元,应用于乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7肿瘤细胞的捕获;并以MCF-7细胞为模型,考查了芯片的分选条件和分选效果。在1 mL/h流速下,MCF-7细胞捕获率可达到68%;多次实验结果表明该芯片捕获的最佳流速为1 mL/h。Calcein-AM和Hoechst对MCF-7细胞进行染色,可方便对捕获后细胞进行识别和拍照。结果基于细胞尺寸和变形性原理所设计的捕获循环肿瘤细胞微流控芯片操作简单、成本低、通量高,有望逐步用于临床循环肿瘤细胞检测。     

紫外光固化在微流控芯片技术中的应用研究进展

报道了紫外光(UV)固化在微流控芯片技术中的应用,利用光刻技术可直接在聚合物材料上制作微通道,以减少微流控芯片的研究成本和制作周期。重点介绍了UV固化在微流控芯片发展过程中的光刻、曝光及表面改性等方面的应用及其特点,综述了近些年来UV固化在微流控芯片技术中的国内外研究现状,为微流控芯片的制备、发展及完善提供了一条可行的路径。最后在总结国内外研究现状的基础上展望了UV固化未来的发展趋势。     

微流控PCR生物芯片及其检测技术的研究

微流控芯片的目标是把整个化验室的功能,包括采样、稀释、加试剂、反应、分离和检测等集成在可多次使用的微芯片上。检测系统是芯片系统研究的关键之一,影响整个微流控芯片分析系统的检出限、检测速度、适用范围以及体积等指标,是微流控芯片分析系统的一个关键部分。本文针对微流控芯片的发展及其检测技术进行了研究,并分析了目前发展的现状和趋势。     

微流控芯片检测技术的研究进展

本文简单总结了光学检测法、电化学检测法和质谱检测法三种微流控芯片检测技术,并介绍了近几年微流控芯片检测技术的研究进展。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to