深井连续推进跟随充填采矿技术

针对我国缓倾斜薄矿脉开采中存在的问题,从提高采场生产能力和减少回采作业中安全事故的角度出发,提出了水压支柱护顶无间柱连续推进条带式跟随充填采矿新技术．工业试验结果表明,采用这种采矿新技术,在缓倾斜薄矿脉开采中能使采矿与充填连续进行,极大地提高了采场生产能力,试验采场的生产能力达850t／m,贫化率小于7％,损失率小于5％．此外,由于采用了先进的可缩性金属支柱,单个支柱的最大工作阻力可达200kN,改善了采场顶板岩层的受力状况．采用具有帷幕壁面全面滤水特点的帷幕隔离快速充填新技术,使进入充填空区内的料浆浓度能在25min内达到饱和浓度(78％～80％),60min内充填体对采场顶板提供初期支护,大大改善了采场的安全作业条件     

快速让压水压支柱支护能力的确定

探讨了由南非引进的２００／４００ｋＮ（２０／４０ｔ）快速让压水压支柱的支护能力，建立了与实际运用密切相关的支柱最小初撑力、工作阻力增量及额定工作阻力计算的数学模型，对水压支柱的试验及以后的推广使用具有重要的指导意义．     

单体液压支柱工作面支护参数确定

单体液压支柱工作面的支护参数主要是支护初撑力、支护密度和支护刚度。支柱对单位面积顶板提供的工作阻力为支护强度,支护强度的大小直接反映到矿压显现的程度,为了采场安全而正常生产,必须保证工作面有足够的支护强度。与支护强度密切相关的支护参数有支柱初撑力、支柱密度和     

普采工作面矿压显现规律的数值模拟研究

为了研究一矿首采工作面的矿压显现规律,本文利用离散元数值模拟软件UDEC分别对老顶来压时顶板活动规律和不同时期采场支承压力的分布规律进行了研究。在此基础上,分析了不同支护参数对工作面支护质量的影响,确定了工作面初次来压步距为35~37m、周期来压步距为14~18m、单体支柱的最低工作阻力为200kN、最低初撑力80kN,工作面的极限端面距为1.2m,为该矿首采工作面安全高效生产及后续开采提供了科学的理论指导。     

寺河矿大采高300m工作面采场控制分析

为了能够更好地维护工作面顶板,对采场矿压进行控制,通过现场观测的方法了解了初撑力对采场矿压的影响,并采用回归分析法分析了支架初撑力与工作阻力的关系。结果表明：初撑力与工作阻力呈正相关,即提高支架初撑力可以使支架工作阻力得到很快发挥,以利于顶板管理。     

南梁综采工作面矿压力规律

为研究南梁煤矿20203综采工作面矿压规律,通过实测工作面支架阻力、活柱下缩量、顶板移近量、顶板来压强度以及巷道变形参数等,获得了初次来步距、支架阻力的动载系数、老顶来压的强度等参数.研究结果表明:支架可以平衡顶板的压力,满足工作面开采时对支护强度的要求.总结了南梁矿浅埋煤层综采工作面的矿压显现规律,提出了提高支架初撑力等改善措施,为实现浅埋煤层综采工作面安全开采提供了可靠依据.     

厚土层薄基岩浅埋煤层"支架-围岩"关系实验研究

依据陕西南梁煤矿首个综采面煤层赋存特征及覆岩力学参数,对厚土层覆盖层下薄基岩浅埋煤层开采进行了大比例相似材料模拟实验研究,分析了额定工作阻力6 000 kN支架的运行特性,揭示了厚土层浅埋煤层开采上覆岩层的破坏规律及"支架-围岩"关系,研究认为厚土基浅埋煤层裂隙带高度比一般赋存条件下的煤层大,在实验支架初撑力频率分布与生产实际相似的情况下,实验得出的支架额定工作阻力比按一般赋存条件计算公式得出的支架阻力大许多,说明一般计算公式不适宜用于厚土层浅埋煤层.实验首次采用了力学特征与原型相似的恒阻模拟支架控制系统,研究为南梁煤矿综采面支架选型及开采提供了重要的科学依据.图5,表3,参8.     

浅埋煤层大采高工作面矿压显现规律

为了研究大采高浅埋煤层综采工作面矿压显现规律,对张家峁煤矿15201综采工作面(首采)矿压进行了现场观测,分析了初次来压和周期来压。通过来压时液压支架工作阻力及动载系数分析可知,支架工作阻力分布以正态分布为主,初撑力富余量较大;液压支架初撑力利用率偏低,说明初撑力的管理有待加强。研究结果为实现大采高浅埋煤层工作面支架选型及正常开采提供了可靠的理论依据。     

鹤煤十矿实测数据与顶板下沉量的关系研究

通过国内大量的统计资料,分析初撑力与顶板下沉量之间的关系,分析支护刚度与顶板下沉量之间的关系。把这些统计数据与鹤煤十矿1307工作面实测的数据相结合,进一步测算在设定初撑力情况下,顶板的下沉量,进一步研究支护参数的合理性,指导和加强回采工作面顶板管理工作。     

长钢梁工作面合理支护设计的研究

本文根据4202长钢梁工作面原支护设计下的实测,提出了用支柱的初撑力代替工作阻力设计的思路,通过理论分析和初撑力调压试验,论证了4202工作面只有用初撑力设计才是合理的,为长钢梁工作面的合理支护设计提供了方法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.