CdS/Ru（bpy）32+电致化学发光传感器的构建及邻苯二酚的检测

基于硫化镉量子点（CdS QDs）对三联吡啶钌（Ru（bpy）₃²⁺）电致化学发光（ECL）信号的增敏作用,在电极表面滴涂CdS QDs,然后引入含有多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）和金纳米粒子（Au NPs）的（Ru（bpy）₃²⁺）复合物（MWCNTs-Au NPs-Ru（bpy）₃²⁺）,得到了自增强CdS/Ru（bpy）₃²⁺ECL传感器.该传感器同时包含了ECL物质Ru（bpy）₃²⁺和共反应剂CdS QDs,具有自增强特点,MWCNTs和Au NPs的存在可进一步放大传感器的信号.邻苯二酚的电极氧化产物与Ru（bpy）₃²⁺之间存在能量转移,导致ECL信号淬灭,从而实现了邻苯二酚的灵敏检测,线性响应范围为5.0×10^-9~1.0×10^-5 mol·L^-1,检出限为1.5×10^-9 mol·L^-1.该传感器用于河水中邻苯二酚的检测,结果令人满意.同时,传感器也表现出良好的重现性和稳定性.     

NaBH4还原改性TiO2(B)及光催化性能研究

以TiCl₄为原料,在（CH₂OH）₂溶液中通过一步水热法制备单斜相二氧化钛[TiO₂(B)]。使用不同质量含量NaBH₄对TiO₂(B)进行还原改性,调控其内含Ti³⁺的浓度,合成了含Ti³⁺的TiO₂(B)-NaBH₄X样品。采用X射线衍射仪（X-ray diffraction,XRD）、拉曼光谱仪（Raman spectroscopy）、紫外-可见漫反射光谱仪（UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy,UV-DRS）、X射线光电子能谱仪(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,XPS）对材料进行表征。改性后TiO₂(B)-NaBH₄X样品保持其原有晶体结构,并未发生相变,仅有结晶度的改变。原始TiO₂(B)禁带宽度为3.15 eV,通过改性,Ti³⁺的存在改变了禁带宽度,成功地将禁带宽度降低到2.82 eV,将吸光区域扩展到可见光区域。通过可见光光催化分解水制氢与可见光降解甲基橙试验,确立了TiO₂(B)-NaBH₄3样品有最好的可见光光催化活性,产氢速率达到0.58 μmol·h^-1·g^-1,6 h降解率达到40%。     

镍渣表面理化特性及对Pb2+、Cu2+的吸附研究

利用多种表征手段对镍渣的组成和表面特性进行分析,证实了镍渣具备吸附废水中重金属的能力。本实验所采用的水淬二次镍渣中含有含量较高的SiO₂、Al₂O₃、CaO、MgO等活性成分,且具备由不同聚合度的Si-O四面体、Al-O四面体或Al-O八面体组成的岛状、链状或网状骨架结构,能够通过离子交换和专性吸附去除溶液中的重金属离子。此外,镍渣粉体表面的碱中心可以为金属阳离子提供有效的吸附位点,且表面在pH=4~12的范围内均带负电,这些都有利于金属阳离子的吸附。镍渣粉体对模拟废液中的Pb²⁺、Cu²⁺吸附实验结果显示,其对废液中的Pb²⁺、Cu²⁺均表现出较好的吸附效果,且对Pb²⁺表现出更好的选择性吸附效果。     

BLim1/2+(m=6、7)团簇的结构及储氢性能的研究

为开发新型储氢材料提供更为丰富的理论基础,采用B3LYP泛函在6-311++G(d,p)基组水平上对BLi₆⁺超碱团簇和BLi₇²⁺超碱土团簇的稳定性结构、电荷分布等方面进行理论研究,进而研究团簇的储氢性能。结果表明：两个离子团簇均比它们所对应的中性团簇均具有较高的动力学稳定性。两个离子团簇中的每个Li原子同时有效吸附2个氢分子,BLi₆⁺团簇中氢分子在团簇表面平均吸附能为0.969~2.162kCal/mol,储氢质量分数达31.56wt%。而BLi₇⁺团簇中氢分子在团簇表面平均吸附能为1.764~3.714kCal/mol,储氢质量分数达32.21wt%。它们的储氢性能表明BLi₆⁺团簇和BLi₇²⁺团簇均有望成为良好的储氢媒介。     

氮化碳自组装包裹对SnO2TiO2复合锂离子电池负极材料电化学性能的影响

通过简单的石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)纳米片自组装沉积法,制备了g-C₃N₄包裹的SnO₂-TiO₂纳米复合材料.扫描电子显微镜观察显示,g-C₃N₄均匀地包裹在SnO₂-TiO₂纳米颗粒上.SnO₂-TiO₂-C₃N₄纳米复合材料被用作锂离子电池的负极材料,在0.2C的倍率下循环20次后,比容量达到380.2 mA·h·g^-1,明显高于未经g-C₃N₄包裹的纯的SnO₂(51.6 mA·h·g^-1)和SnO₂-TiO₂纳米复合材料.在0.1~0.5C的倍率充放电测试中,SnO₂-TiO₂-C₃N₄纳米复合材料的比容量仅从490 mA·h·g^-1衰减到330 mA·h·g^-1,高倍率下抗衰减性能优于同类材料.材料优异的电化学性能归功于g-C₃N₄的包裹处理,这不仅增强了固体电解质界面(SEI)的稳定性,也抑制了锂离子嵌入-脱出时SnO₂和TiO₂纳米颗粒的体积变化.     

Pu(H2O)53+和Pu(H2O)54+ 团簇的相对论密度泛函研究

用TPSSTPSS密度泛函方法, Pu离子和H₂O分子分别采用相对论有效原子实势(RECP)和6-31g基组, 研究了Pu(H₂O)₅³⁺和Pu(H₂O)₅⁴⁺ 团簇溶剂化和非溶剂化效应中的几何结构及紫外可见吸收光谱. 计算结果表明: 水溶剂环境对Pu(H₂O)₅³⁺及Pu(H₂O)₅⁴⁺ 团簇的几何结构影响都比较明显. NBO电荷分析表明水分子与钚离子之间没有直接的电荷转移. 所研究团簇的未配对电子都占据5f轨道. 在气相及水溶剂环境下, 所研究团簇的紫外可见吸收光谱存在较大差距. 主要的吸收峰大都源于f电子之间的跃迁.     

NLi4+超碱团簇的结构及储氢性能的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论（B3LYP）方法,在6-311++G（d,p）基组水平上对NLi₄超碱团簇和NLi₄⁺超碱离子团簇的几何结构和稳定性等物理化学性质进行理论计算,进而研究NLi₄团簇和NLi₄⁺团簇的储氢性能。结果表明：NLi₄团簇和NLi₄⁺团簇结构稳定性均比较高,但是通过理论计算表明NLi₄团簇不能有效吸附氢分子,而NLi₄⁺团簇在吸附氢分子过程中不仅结构稳定,而且NLi₄⁺团簇中的每一个锂原子均可有效吸附3个氢分子,氢分子平均吸附能为1.517~2.931 kCal/mol,储氢质量分数达36.67 wt%,合适的吸附能和较高储氢容量表明NLi₄⁺团簇可有望成为良好的储氢材料。     

ZnGa2Se4:V3+ 光谱的理论研究

应用区分t₂和e轨道共价性的差异(包含静电部分和晶场部分)并考虑了低对称场的能量矩阵, 在考虑和忽略静电参量B₀₀的条件下, 分别研究了t₂和e轨道共价性的差异对三元半导体ZnGa₂Se₄:V ³⁺能级以及低对称分裂的影响; 计算了ZnGa₂Se₄:V ³⁺晶体的能级的低对称分裂, 并与实验值进行比较. 计算结果与实验值符合很好. 研究发现: 在对ZnGa₂Se₄:V ³⁺晶体的光学性质进行理论研究时, 在能量矩阵的静电和晶场部分同时考虑t₂和e轨道共价性的差异是非常有必要的; 晶场参量B₀₀对ZnGa₂Se₂4:V ³⁺的能级有重要影响, 因此不能忽略.     

3种观赏性石斛的光合特性比较研究

为探明3种观赏性石斛属Dendrobium Sw.植物在光合生理方面的差异,为其栽培及规模化种植提供理论依据。本研究以3种观赏性石斛(叠鞘石斛D.denneanum Kerr.、流苏石斛D.fimbriatum Hook.和束花石斛D.chrysanthum Wall.ex Lindl.)为材料,测定其叶片的光响应曲线、CO₂响应曲线及叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值),探究其光合特性。结果表明,叠鞘石斛、流苏石斛和束花石斛3种石斛属植物的光补偿点(LCP)分别为2.15 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、3.74 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、1.79 μmol·m^-2·s^-1,光饱和点(LSP)分别为995.09 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、679.44 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、712.28 μmol·m^-2·s^-1,LCP均低于5 μmol·m^-2·s^-1,LSP均低于1 000 μmol·m^-2·s^-1,属于典型的阴生植物,具有较强的耐阴性;3种石斛的最大净光合速率(P_max)分别为3.54 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、3.86 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、4.03 μmol·m^-2·s^-1,表观量子效率(AQY)分别为0.042,0.044和0.051,束花石斛的P_max和AQY最大,光合作用能力较强。3种石斛的CO₂响应曲线中,最大净光合速率(A_max)大小依次为叠鞘石斛(11.99 μmol·m^-2·s^-1)、流苏石斛(10.87 μmol·m^-2·s^-1)、束花石斛(4.75 μmol·m^-2·s^-1),叠鞘石斛利用CO₂进行光合作用的能力最强;3种石斛的CO₂饱和点(CSP)无显著性差异,在CO₂浓度不大于2 000 μmol·mol^-1时均未到达饱和点;CO₂补偿点(CCP)具有显著性差异,CCP分别为100.12 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、158.02 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、134.44 μmol·m^-2·s^-1,其中叠鞘石斛的CCP最低,对低浓度CO₂的利用能力最强。3种石斛叶片的SPAD值分别为51.09,56.93和58.06,其高低与其净光合速率的大小有一定程度的相关性。在3种石斛中,束花石斛的光合作用能力最强,对弱光的利用能力较强;流苏石斛对弱光的利用能力较弱,光照适应范围狭窄;叠鞘石斛对强光的利用能力较强,光合作用适应范围较广。此外,3种石斛均具有较强的耐阴性,对CO₂的耐受性也较强,在种植时应提供适当的遮阴和增加CO₂浓度来提高石斛的光合作用能力。     

2011和2016年亚热带城市生态系统通量源区及CO2通量特征——以上海市奉贤大学城为例

以上海市奉贤大学城为例,基于地理信息系统、涡动相关（EC）系统和通量源区模型分析了2011和2016年上海市奉贤大学城二氧化碳（CO₂）通量特征（CO₂通量、碳浓度）、通量源区的变化特征.分析结果表明：1）2011年CO₂通量日均值和CO₂质量浓度分别为0.6 μmol·m^-2·s^-1和388 mg·L^-1,2016年两者增加到了0.9 μmol·m^-2·s^-1和406 mg·L^-1;2）2011和2016年研究区内通量源区范围都随着大气稳定度的增加而增加;3）当大气处于稳定状态时,非主风向上的通量源区范围远远大于主风向上的通量源区范围;当大气处于不稳定状态时,主风向和非主风向上的通量源区长度相差较小.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.