Pt电极上Sb吸附原子对1,3-丁二醇电催化氧化性能的影响

运用电化学循环伏安(CV)和电化学原位石英晶体微天平(EQCM),研究了Pt电极表面不可逆吸附Sb原子的电化学特性以及Pt电极上Sb吸附原子对0.1mol·L-1H2SO4溶液中1,3 丁二醇(1,3 BDL)电催化氧化性能的影响.研究发现,当扫描电位的上限Eu≤0.50V(SCE)时,Sbad可以稳定地吸附在Pt电极表面,饱和覆盖度为0.34;通过控制电位扫描上限和扫描圈数可得到Sbad的不同覆盖度;Pt电极表面Sb吸附原子能在较低的电位下吸附氧,显著提高1,3 丁二醇电催化氧化活性.与Pt电极相比较,Sb饱和吸附原子修饰的Pt电极使1,3 丁二醇氧化的峰电位负移了0.25V,峰电流增加近1倍.该文从表面质量变化提供了吸附原子电催化作用的新证据.     

Pt及其修饰电极对丙三醇氧化的电催化性能研究

运用电化学循环伏安和石英晶体微天平研究了丙三醇在Pt电极和以Sb,S吸附原子修饰的Pt(Pt/Sbad和Pt/Ssd）电极上的吸附和氧化过程。结果表明丙三醇的氧化与电极表面氧物种有着极其密切的关系。Pt电极表面Sb吸附原子能在较低的电位下吸附氧，可显著提高丙三醇电催化氧化活性，与Pt电极相比较，Sb吸附原子修饰的Pt电极使丙三醇氧化的峰电位负移了0．14V，相反，Pt电极表面S吸附原子的氧化合消耗表面氧物种，几乎完全抑制了丙三醇的电氧化。本文还从表面质量变化提供了吸附原子电催化作用的新数据。     

Pt电极上S吸附原子对甲酸电催化氧化性能的影响

运用电化学循环伏安(CV)和电化学原位石英晶体微天平(EQCM)研究了Pt电极表面不可逆吸附S原子的电化学特性以及Pt电极上S吸附原子对0．1mol^-1H2SO4溶液中甲酸电催化氧化性能的影响．研究发现，当扫描电位的上限Eu≤O．70V(SCE)时，Sad可以稳定地吸附在Pt电极表面；通过控制电位扫描上限和扫描圈数剥离部份S可方便地得到Sad的不同覆盖度；Pt电极表面S吸附原子的氧化会消耗表面氧物种，抑制了甲酸的电氧化．本文从表面质量变化提供了吸附原了电催化作用的新数据。     

Pt电极上吸附原子对正丙醇电催化氧化性能的影响

用电化学循环伏安和石英晶体微天平研究了碱性介质中正丙醇在Pt电极和以Sb,S吸附原子修饰的Pt(Pt/Sbad和Pt/Sad)电极上电催化氧化过程。结果表明正丙醇的氧化与溶液酸碱性关系密切。酸性介质中正丙醇在Pt电极上的CV曲线有两个正向氧化峰，而碱性介质中只有一个正向氧化峰，第二个氧化峰的消失可能是由于碱性介质中电极钝化引起的。与Pt电极相比较，饱和Sb吸附原子修饰的Pt电极使碱性介质中正丙醇氧化的峰电位负移了0.10V，峰电流增加了2．2倍，表现出显著的电催化活性。相反，Pt电极表面S吸附原子抑制了正丙醇的电氧化。还从表面质量变化提供了吸附原子电催化作用的新数据。     

乙二醇在Pt及其Sb, S修饰电极上的吸附氧化过程

研究了0.1 mol L -1 H2SO4中乙二醇在Pt电极和以吸附原子修饰的Pt (Pt/Sbad和Pt/Sad)电极上的吸附和氧化过程. 结果表明, 乙二醇的氧化与电极表面氧物种有着极其密切的关系. Pt电极表面Sb吸附原子能在较低的电位下吸附氧,可显著提高乙二醇电催化氧化活性. 与Pt电极相比较, Sb吸附原子修饰的Pt电极使乙二醇氧化峰电位负移了0.20 V, 峰电流增加了近3 倍. 相反,Pt电极表面S吸附原子的氧化会消耗表面氧物种,几乎完全抑制了乙二醇的电氧化.     

Pt和Sb吸附原子修饰的pt电极上1.3-丁二醇氧化的CV和EQCM研究

运用电化学循环伏安和石英晶体微天平研究了1.3-丁二醇（1.3-BDL)－丁二醇（1.3-BDL)在Pt和以Sb原子修饰的Pt/Sbad电极上的吸附和氧化过程，结果表明1.3-丁二醇的氧化与电极表面氧物种有着极其密切的关系。Pt电极表面吸附Sb原子后能在较低的电位下吸附氧，可显著提高1.3－丁二醇电催化氧化活性，与Pt电极相比较，1.3-丁二醇在Pt/Sbad电极上氧化的峰电位负移了0.25V，峰电流增加了近1倍。本文从表面质量变化提供了吸附原子电催化作用的新数据。     

甲酸在表面合金电催化剂上氧化的原位FTIR反射光谱研究

运用原位红外反射光谱(FTIRS)和电化学循环伏安法(CV)研究了甲酸在三种不同电极上的电催化特性．结果表明甲酸在碳栽铂电极(Pt／GC)上的电催化氧化机理与本体铂电极(I^3t)相类似，即可以通过活性中问体或毒性中间体氧化至CO2.Pt／GC对甲酸的氧化比Pt具有更高的电催化活性．Pt／GC表面以Sb吸附原子修饰的电极(Sb—Pt／GC)上，甲酸氧化的起始电位(Ei)提前至-0．10V，氧化电流峰电位(Ep)提前至0．34V，氧化峰电流(jp)值增加了7.28倍，半峰宽(FWHM)为0．30V同样，Surface alloy／GC电极上，E1为-0．12V、Ep为0．32V和jp为7．25mA／cm^2，相对Pt／GC分别负移了0.22V、0．02V和增大了8．15倍，半峰宽(FWHM)为0．5V．表明Sb—Pt／GC和Surface alloy／GC电极不仅能够有效地抑制毒性中间体CO的生成，而且还可以显著地提高其对活性中间体的氧化的电催化活性．     

碳载Pt纳米薄膜电极制备、表征及其Sb修饰的电化学特性

运用电化学循环伏安法在玻碳载体上制备纳米级厚度的Pt膜电极,用STM表征了电极表面的形貌,测定了电沉积层的厚度、表面积和Pt载量。结果表明,电沉积的碳载Pt电催化材料是一种由粒度均匀的纳米颗粒构成的纳米薄层,表面形貌以层状结构为主,属于多晶结构;同时,运用电化学循环伏安法研究了Sb在碳载纳米Pt膜电极（记为nm-Pt/GC)表面不可逆吸附的电化学特性。研究发现,当扫描电位的上限Eu≤0.50V(SCE)时,Sbad可以稳定地吸附在nm-Pt/GC电极表面,满覆盖度为0.325;并可方便地通过控制电位扫描上限和扫描圈数剥离部份Sb得到Sbad的不同覆盖度。     

甲醛和甲酸在Pt/Biad电极上的电催化氧化

研究甲醛和甲酸在Pt/Biad电极上的电催化氧化。结果表明,吸附铋原子可以通过几何效应阻止吸附毒性的生成,对甲醛和甲酸的氧化呈现出较好的电催化活性。此外,讨论了Bi(Ⅲ）离子浓度、介质等因素对Pt/Biad电极电催化活性的影响。     

铂电极上甲酸吸附和氧化过程的EQCM研究

运用电化学循环伏安和电化学原位石英晶体微天平方法，研究了0．1mol／L H2SO4溶液中甲酸在Pt电极上的吸附和氧化过程。结果表明：甲酸电氧化行为与电极表面氧物种有着密切的关系，正向电位扫描中甲酸在Pt电极上氧化产生3个氧化电流峰，与有机小分子醇类的氧化特征不同；负向电位扫描中出现甲酸氧化电流峰，表明甲酸在Pt电极上氧化遵循双途径过程。从表面质量定量变化的角度，提供了甲酸反应机理的新数据。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to