小型农田水利工程存在的主要问题及解决对策

前些年,国家投入水利建设资金主要用在大中型骨干工程的建设,小型水利工程投入较少。因此,小型农田水利工程仍是农田水利工程建设中最薄弱的环节,严重影响了小型水利工程的整体效益,并制约着农业和农村经济发展。针对小型农田水利工程的现状,为进一步提高农业综合生产能力,保障国家粮食安全和增加农民收入,从2005年起,中央和省级财政都设立了小型农田水利工程建设补助专项资金,提高了小型农田水利工程的建设,但是,如何搞好小型农田水利建设、提高工程的使用效率,仍然是十分重要又十分紧迫的课题。     

探析小型农田水利工程的施工建设和管理

由于农业科学技术的迅猛发展,实现农业可持续发展已经成为农业科学领域中的一项重要问题。在农业技术中,小型农田水利工程已经逐步成为农业发展的基础条件。小型农田水利工程的建设,有效的发挥了抗旱除涝的重要作用,进一步推动了农业的发展。然而,我国在小型农田水利工程的施工建设和管理中仍然存在很多方面的问题,严重的影响了农田水利工程作用的发挥。该文主要分析了农田水利工程的施工建设和管理。     

我国小型农田水利工程特性分析

本文基于笔者多年从事农田水利工程的相关工作经验，以小型农田水利工程的工程特性为研究时象，分析了小型农田水利工程的一般经济属性和公共物品属性。全文是笔者在长期农田水利工作基础上的理论升华，相信对从事相关工作的同行有着重要的参考价值和借鉴意义。     

我国小型农田水利设施建设的问题与对策

小型农田水利工程对农业生产有着不可替代的作用。然而,目前我国小型农田水利设施建设中还存在设施产权不明晰等问题。要改变现状,必须既要实行小型水利工程产权制度改革,加强工程管理,又要确保增加对小型农田水利设施建设的投入。     

八师地区小型农田水利工程中灌溉渠道的设计

近年来国家及地方对小型农田水利工程的投资力度不断加大,如何规划设计农田水利工程,使之更加切合实际、更加规范就成了关键性的问题。灌溉渠道的设计是农田水利工程中比较重要的一项内容,就新疆兵团第八师地区小型农田水利工程中灌溉渠道的应用设计作一简单介绍。     

浅议小型农田水利工程施工与管理

随着经济的发展,在农村经济工作中,小型农田水利工程起着举足轻重的作用。如何建设好小型农田水利工程,则需要重视施工,重视管理,努力克服工程建设中所存在的问题。本文针对农田水利工程的特点对小型农田水利工程施工和管理中问题进行简要分析。     

浅议东昌府区小型农田水利工程的建设与管理

水是农业生产可持续民展、促进农业增产、农民增收的基础条件,小型农田水利工程对水源的利用起到了举足轻重的作用,根据东昌府区的现状,对小型农田水利工程的建设与管理进行了分析。     

基于实践的“小农水”工程治理模式对比研究

小型农田水利工程治理的宗旨是提高工程利用率和灌溉用水效率,其服务对象是农民、农村和农业,受益主体是农民。本文以农田水利的治理模式为研究对象,对比研究了小型农田水利工程投入,驱动及中心治理三种治理模式,相信对从事相关工作的同行能有所裨益。     

小型农田水利设施的民间供给体制探析

近年来,对于小型农田水利设施民间供给行为的产生和发展引起了学术界的广泛关注,也取得了一些研究成果。但是,目前大多数研究都是围绕着小型农田水利工程的产权制度改革这一主体进行的。本文对小型农田水利设施的民间供给行为进行了相关的理论研究,探讨了影响农户投资小型农田水利设施建设积极性的障碍因素,又进一步结合当前形势,从宏观角度提出了一系列鼓励和引导农业基础设施民间供给行为的政策建议。     

浅谈小型农田水利工程建后管理问题

随着国家对水利工程建设的加大投资,小型农田水利建设进入到繁华期。由于历史欠账太多,工程建成后管理问题成为制约小型农田水利建设发展的又一问题。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.