Ⅰ型动态裂纹二个扩展问题的位错分布函数

通过复变函数论的方法,对Ⅰ型动态裂纹二个扩展问题的位错分布函数分别进行了研究.采用自相似函数的方法可以获得运动裂纹的应力、位移、动态应力强度因子及位错分布函数的解析表达式.应用该法可以迅速地将所讨论的问题转化为Riemann-Hilbert问题,而后一问题可以用通常的Muskhelishvili方法进行求解,并且可以相当简单地得到问题的闭合解.利用已求得的解并通过迭加原理,就可以很容易地求得任意复杂问题的解.     

非对称Ⅲ型界面裂纹受变载荷作用下的解析解

采用复变函数论的方法,对非对称Ⅲ型界面裂纹的动态扩展问题进行了研究.通过自相似方法,并根据任意自相似指数的非对称动态扩展问题进行自相似求解,导出解析解的一般表达式.采用自相似函数的方法可以轻易地将所论问题转化为Riemann-Hilbert问题,并求得了扩展裂纹表面分别受到运动变载荷Px2/t2、Px作用下的位移、应力和动态应力强度因子的解析解.利用这些解并采用叠加原理,就可以求得任意复杂问题的解.这些解在断裂动力学以及弹性动力学、静力学问题当中具有重要的应用价值和理论意义.     

Ⅲ型裂纹动态Dugdale模型的扩展问题

通过复变函数论的方法,对材料的非线性特性下的Ⅲ型裂纹Dugdale模型的动态扩展问题进行研究.采用自相似函数的方法可以获得应力、位移及裂纹尖端张开位移解析的解.应用该法可以很容易地将所讨论的问题转化为Riemann-Hilbert问题,而后一问题可以用通常的Muskhelishvili方法进行求解,并可以相当简单地得到问题的闭合解.利用这些解并采用叠加原理,就可以求得任意复杂问题的解.     

复合材料裂纹中心受增加载荷作用下的动态问题

利用已建立的复合材料桥连的动态裂纹模型,将桥连处纤维用载荷代替.当裂纹扩展时,其纤维必将连续地开裂.通过复变函数论的方法,可以很容易地将所讨论的问题转化为Remann-Hilbert问题,而后一问题可以用通常的Muskhelishvili方法进行求解,并可以相当简单地得到问题的闭合解.采用自相似函数的途径,求得了扩展裂纹的坐标原点分别受到增加载荷Px/t、pt3/x2作用下位移、应力和动态应力强度因子的解析解的一般表达式.利用这些解并采用叠加原理,就可以求得任意复杂问题的解.     

增加荷载作用下纤维增强混凝土的动态断裂研究

利用建立的纤维增强混凝土动态裂纹模型,将桥联处用载荷表示,当裂纹扩展时,纤维连续开裂.研究结果表明:利用复变函数论方法,将所讨论的问题转化为Riemann-Hilbert问题;通过自相似方法,求得纤维增强混凝土的动态扩展裂纹的坐标原点分别在增加载荷Px/t和Pt~3/x~2作用下的位移、应力和动态应力强度因子的解析解.利用这些解并采用叠加原理,就可以求得任意复杂问题的解.     

均布载荷作用下Ⅲ型非对称裂纹动态扩展问题

为了研究均布载荷作用下的Ⅲ型非对称裂纹动态扩展问题,利用复变函数论方法,根据正交异性体弹性动力学反平面问题运动方程的相应关系,采用自相似函数的方法可以获得解析解的一般表达式。应用该法可以迅速地将所讨论的问题转化为Riemann-Hilbert问题,后一问题可以用通常的Muskhel-ishvili方法求解,并求得了应力、位移和动态应力强度因子解析解。利用这些解并采用叠加原理,就可以求得任意复杂问题的解。这些解在断裂动力学以及弹性动力学、静力学问题当中具有重要的应用价值和理论意义。     

双重载荷及冲击下Ⅰ型裂纹的位错分布函数

通过复变函数论的方法,对Ⅰ型动态裂纹面受双重载荷、瞬时冲击载荷作用下的位错分布函数问题分别进行研究.采用自相似函数的方法可以获得动态裂纹的位错分布函数的解析解.应用该法可以迅速地将所论问题转化为Riemann-Hilbert问题,并可以相当简单地得到问题的闭合解.     

低频P波荷载下压电介质中共面裂纹的耦合断裂行为

对压电介质中共面裂纹的动态断裂问题进行建模,并求解该边界值问题.将裂纹形状等效为等面积的矩形以便于理论分析和增加安全评价的可靠性,采用一般Almansi理论得到了广义应力场、广义应力强度因子和能量释放率的解析表达式.考虑部分电导通裂纹边界条件,将边界值问题转换为3组对偶积分方程,并以裂纹上下表面的位移阶跃函数作为未知函数.通过将位移阶跃函数展开成Jacobi多项式,得到裂纹尖端的广义奇异应力、广义强度因子和能量释放率的解析解.最后,通过数值算例研究了P波载荷频率和矩形裂纹几何尺寸对裂纹扩展行为的影响规律.研究结果显示了该方法的正确性及在动载作用下裂纹相互作用引起裂纹扩展行为的复杂性.     

Ⅲ型非对称界面裂纹受运动变载荷作用下的解析解

通过复变函数论的方法,对Ⅲ型非对称界面裂纹受运动变载荷作用下的动态问题进行了研究。采用自相似函数的途径,通过相应的微分、积分运算容易地获得解析解的一般表达式。应用该法迅速地将所讨论的问题转化为Riemann-Hilbert问题,并求得了裂纹表面分别受到运动变载荷作用下应力、位移和动态应力强度因子的解析解。通过Muskhelishvili方法得到问题的闭合解。利用这些解以及叠加原理,求得了任意复杂问题的解。     

一维六方准晶狭长体中非对称静态裂纹与快速传播裂纹的分析解

用复变函数方法求解了一维六方准晶弹性狭长体中含有一非对称半无限裂纹的反平面剪切问题,给出了Ⅲ型裂纹问题的应力强度因子的分析解,所得结果在一些特殊情形下可以退化为已有结果.对裂纹的动力学问题进行了研究,得到Ⅲ型动态应力强度因子的分析解,当裂纹速度V→0时,动力学解还原为静力学解.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.