基于FP1-C24型松下PLC四层电梯的设计

随着科学技术和社会经济的发展,高层建筑已成为现代城市的标志.电梯成为输送人流和物流的交通工具.目前,电梯控制系统主要有3种:继电器控制系统、微机控制系统、PLC控制系统.国内20世纪七八十年代的电梯采用继电器控制系统,可靠性和安全性低,线路复杂.微机控制系统虽然在智能控制方面功能强,但抗干扰性差,设计复杂,维修难.自从80年代后期,PLC控制系统在电梯中得到广泛应用,PLC又称可编程控制器,是以微处理器为基础,综合了计算机技术与自动化技术而开发的新一代工业控制器.它可靠性高,线路简化,维修简单,成为电梯控制中常用的控制方式.该文以松下FP1-C24型PLC为例,对四层电梯控制系统的硬件和软件系统进行了设计,并编制了PLC控制程序,实现了对电梯的上行、下行、呼梯等功能.     

转差频率控制的变压变频调速器在电梯系统改造中的应用

提出了采用转差频率控制器将继电接触器型电梯改造成转差频率控制的变压变频调速电梯．利用可编程控制器与转差频率控制器相结合，对电梯进行了改造，使电梯的运行性能、安全性能、乘坐舒适感、节能方面都得到优化．同时介绍了转差频率控制器在高层电梯系统改造中的实际应用．     

Z3040型摇臂钻床控制系统的PLC改造

本文介绍了利用三菱FX0N系列PLC对Z3040型摇臂钻床的电气化改造，阐述了系统改造方案，同时根据Z3040型摇臂钻床的控制要求和特点，确定PLC的输入输出分配，在继电器控制线路的基础上，设计出梯形图并进行模拟调试。调试结果表明设备运行良好，可靠性大大提高。     

PLC、变频器、触摸屏在6吨链条炉排锅炉优化改造中的应用

利用PLC，变频器和触摸屏优点对传统继电器控制线路改造是提高设备性能的有效方法，本文介绍了用西门子S7—200PLC对6吨链条炉排锅炉进行电气改造的方法：先提出电路改进的总体构思，然后设计出控制线路和PLC的梯形图。最后重点分析部分电路的调试过程。     

嵌入式微控制器在电梯速度控制系统中的应用研究

正在电梯运行过程中,为使电梯运行可靠,使乘人舒适,需要设置速度控制系统。其设计思想是对电梯的运行高度进行信号采样,根据设计确定的运行距离-运行速度曲线,计算出速度给定值,经速度调节系统控制电梯的运行速度。目前,许多电梯速度控制系统大都采用可编程控制器控制,由于较低档可编程控     

浅谈电梯控制系统的进化

介绍了各种控制系统在电梯中的应用，给出了可编程控制器控制电梯电气控制系统图。分析了使各种控制系统优点及继电器控制缺点，综述各种电梯控制系统原理。     

用可编程控制器(PLC)改造三面镗组合机床

阐述了采用可编程控制器进行卧式三面镗组合机床技术改造的方法,详细说明了SR2lPLC在本系统中的配置及梯形图的设计思路和方法。改造结果表明,采用可编程控制器能提高机床的可靠性,降低故障发生率,并且便于维修,从而进一步提高了劳动生产率。     

用PLC构成产品分拣自控系统教学模型

可编程逻辑控制器简称为PLC,它是以单片机为核心的工业控制专用机。最大特点是采用易学易懂的梯形图编制程序,梯形图符号和定义与继电器展开图完全一致。用PLC设计自控应用系统无需掌握复杂的计算机硬件原理就可编程实现,且PLC性能稳定可靠,使用灵活方便,本文通过产品分拣自控系统教学模型的原理分析,介绍了如何利用PLC中的高速计数器实现位移和速度的控制,并对整个系统程序作了详细介绍。     

基于PLC的电梯控制系统设计

本文阐述了电梯的发展、种类、常见结构等电梯方面的知识,介绍电梯的一些使用方法、注意事项和常见问题。同时,通过介绍PLC技术的应用与发展,结合电梯的实际应用,本文采用了西门子S7-300系列可编程控制器,利用变频器作为执行机构,来检验电梯PLC控制系统的运行情况来设计了一个对5层两台电梯进行控制的系统,以介绍可编程控制器在电梯中的应用及PLC控制是如何使各个机构之间准确的配合,从而实现电梯的各项工作正常运行的。     

某人防工程新型除湿机运行时应注意的几点事项

本文以某公司生产的CFTZ型水冷调温除湿机为例，重点介绍机组操作使用中应注意的几点事项。该机组的电气控制系统采用德国西门子公司的PLC逻辑控制器，以及接触揣、热继电器、空气开关和三相电源监测器等，由于简化了控制线路，实现了逻辑控制，能够确保系统安全可靠运行。可编程控制器包括输入、     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to