国产干酵母活化方法的研究

本试验利用土豆汁、活化液、土豆汁加活化液对丹宝利和梅山两种国产干酵母分别进行了活化，并测定其发酵力。结果表明，对于丹宝利活化最佳工艺为利用活化液活化４５ｍｉｎ，对于梅山活化最佳工艺为利用５％土豆汁和活化液共同活化１５～３０ｍｉｎ，两种干酵母发酵力分别提高９０ｍｌ和１２１ｍｌ，这为国产干酵母替代进口干酵母提供了依据。     

活化硅酸性质的实验研究

通过实验，对不同形态活化硅酸的性质进行分析研究，得出活化硅酸的最佳活化指标。     

K2CO3活化法制备椰壳活性炭

以椰壳炭化料为原料，采用K2CO3活化法在不同操作条件下制备椰壳活性炭，探讨了K2CO3活化实验中K2CO3与炭化料质量比、活化时间和活化温度对活性炭得率、活性炭亚甲蓝吸附值和苯酚吸附值的影响．实验结果表明，K2CO3与炭化料质量比和活化温度是K2CO3活化法制备椰壳活性炭最重要的影响因素．综合考虑活性炭的得率和活性炭吸附性能受活化操作参数的影响规律，探讨了K2CO3活化法制备椰壳活性炭的最优操作参数，得到了实验范围内的最佳5-艺条件为：K2CO3与炭化料的质量比为2：1，活化温度为800℃左右，活化时间为120min．     

石油沥青基球形活性炭的制备

以石油沥青为主要原料并采用新颖的悬浮法制得沥青球后进行沥青球的空气氧化不熔化和碳化活化，最终得到沥青基球形活性炭（PSAC），借助扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和BET试，所制得的PSAC球形度好，粒径分布范围窄，是一种高性能的炭质吸附材料，探讨了空气氧化对沥青基球形活性炭球形度的影响以及炭化活化工艺中的影响因素，证明了沥青球粒径，活化温度，活化时间等因素对活化有较大影响，，其中活化温度是最主要的影响因素，已摸索出较好的活化工艺参数：活化温度为950℃，最佳活化时间为240min,CO2流量为150－180mL/min.     

臭氧化-活性炭吸附镉的条件

为改善活性炭对镉的吸附性，将臭氧化技术引入吸附过程，研究活性炭投加量、臭氧活化时间以及溶液质量浓度变化对活性炭吸附镉离子能力的影响。结果表明，对于初始镉离子质量浓度为10mg/L的吸附溶液，最佳臭氧化时间为15min、最佳吸附时间为1h、活性炭的最佳投加量为1．0g时，吸附后镉离子的质量浓度为0．54mg／L；对于镉离子初始质量浓度为15mg/L的吸附溶液，最佳臭氧化时间为30min、最佳吸附时间为1h、活性炭的最佳投加量为1．1g时，吸附后镉离子的质量浓度为0．56mg／L。实验证明，经臭氧活化后的活性炭的吸附能力明显增强，极大的改变了吸附结果。     

木质素制备活性炭的工艺及其吸附性能研究

以造纸黑液木质素为原料,采用化学及物理活化法制备活性炭,并对其吸附性能进行分析。实验结果表明,对于磷酸活化剂而言,制备活性炭并不需要进行二次活化,而对于氯化锌活化剂则需要进行二次活化。磷酸活化剂制备活性炭的最佳条件为活化温度550℃、活化时间2 h、浸渍比2∶1,而氯化锌活化剂最佳活化条件为一次活化温度550℃、活化时间2 h、浸渍比2∶1,二次活化二氧化碳流量80 mL/min、活化时间30 min、活化温度850℃,所得到的活性炭符合木质净水用活性炭一级品的标准。二氧化碳二次活化,降低活性炭的产率,但是增加了活性炭中中孔及大孔的比例。     

有害气体吸附用褐煤活性炭的制备研究

本文研究了褐煤活性炭的制备工艺以及活化条件对活性炭碘吸附值的影响,通过正交试验法确定了最佳生产工艺,即活化温度为700℃,活化时间为5小时,水蒸气通量为1.8kg/(kg料·h)。     

S2O8^2—／ZrO2固体超强酸催化剂上的正戊烷反应性能研究

考察了焙烧温度、活化温度等因素对S2O8^2-/ZrO2(PSZ)固体超强酸常温下催化正戊烷反应性能的影响，利用色谱－质谱（GC－MS）、傅里叶红外（FT－IR）、原位X－射线粉末衍射（XRD）、此表面测定（BET）、含硫量分析等手段研究了正戊烷反应产物、催化剂晶型变化及表面酸位类型等。结果表明，焙烧温度和活化温度是影响催反应活性的关键。焙烧温度在723－973K制备的PSZ固体超强酸催化剂，308K下对正戊烷均具有催化反应活性，823K焙烧样品活性最佳；对于最佳焙烧温度样品，活化温度在373－673K之间，均具有较高的反应活性，活化温度为523K时活性最佳。异构化表观活化能为41．7kJ/mol。整个反应大致可以分为3个阶段：反应初期，产物均为异戊烷，表明发生的是异构化反应；反应中期，异构化反应速率减低，产物中出现异丁烷，表明异构化反应和裂解反应同时发生；反应后期，异构化产物明显减少，异丁烷和己烷异构体明显增加，表明裂解反应已经取代异构化反应，成为反应的主流。适宜的焙烧温度使ZrO2晶化是形成超强酸的必要条件；合适的活化温度影响酸位类型，523K下活化的样品主要为强Bronsted酸位，同时有少量的强Lewis酸位存在。     

煤矸石废弃物的活化及其活性分析

研究徐州煤矸石的活化过程和活化后煤矸石的活性以及活化机理，为煤矸石废弃物的资源化提供理论基础。采用热处理方法活化煤矸石废弃物，并采用在碱溶液中的离子溶出和测定其石英结晶度的方法研究活化煤矸石的活性。研究结果表明，煤矸石废弃物受热后能够由稳定态向介稳态转变的物相成分是高岭石；经热处理活化后可激发产生活性，活性组分是活性SiO2和Al2O3；采用测定石英结晶度的方法判断材料的活性具有一定的准确性；700℃下煅烧是徐州煤矸石热活化的最佳工艺参数。     

膨润土高温活化改性研究

以钙基膨润土为原料,从膨润土的导电性能出发,研究了高温焙烧对膨润土活化改性的影响因素,确定了焙烧活化改性的最佳工艺条件。为膨润土在降阻剂中的应用进行了技术研究。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.