超磁致伸缩微位移致动器碟簧特征分析与设计

在传统的超磁致伸缩微位移致动器碟簧设计中，以预压力大小作为唯一设计指标．首先定性分析了微位移致动器的结构形式、传力机理；然后定量分析了超磁致伸缩致动器的输出特征，指出引入软性碟簧的可行性和必要性，使超磁致伸缩材料在阶跃段可获得更大的位移输出．针对不同预压应力及相关条件设计碟簧参数，通过试验证明了采用软性碟簧可以有效降低阶跃段系统等效刚度，从而改善换能系统输出．     

考虑温变时超磁致伸缩微致动器的动力学分析

建立了考虑温度变化时的超磁致伸缩微致动器的动态振动微分方程,得到了微致动器振动响应的非共振解析解.在已知磁化强度情况下,讨论了温度和预应力对振动响应的影响,并得到了位移响应随温度变化的系数;解出由于超磁致伸缩材料非线性而产生的亚谐共振解,讨论了温度对共振因子的影响.仿真结果表明,超磁致伸缩材料的磁-力-热耦合非线性对微...     

基于实验的超磁致伸缩微致动器动力学特性分析

基于超磁致伸缩微致动器实验所得的激励电流-磁致伸缩材料轴向位置-磁场强度三者之间的关系式,修正了厚壁线圈轴向电流-磁场理论公式.利用修正公式对超磁致伸缩微致动器动力学模型进行理论分析,得到了微致动器的振动响应;分析了修正系数、偏置磁场及预压应力对微致动器的影响.结果表明:修正系数对微致动器动力学特性影响十分明显,当修正系数K′=1.24时,基于实验拟合函数与基于厚壁线圈电流-磁场理论公式所得到的微致动器的输出位移与输入激励电流之间的滞回环完全吻合;微致动器振动响应具有明显的非线性特性,而且修正系数对其影响很大.偏置磁场与预压应力对微致动器的幅频特性影响也十分明显.     

超磁致伸缩微致动器车削系统的动力学分析

考虑温度及预应力的影响,建立了应用于车削加工系统的超磁致伸缩微致动器动力学模型,并讨论了温度及预应力对其振动响应的影响.预应力对磁滞及理想磁化模型的超磁致伸缩微致动器模型输出位移的影响变化趋势相同,都出现"翻转"现象,在激励磁场小幅值范围内,系统的输出位移随着预应力的增加而减小,随着激励幅值的增加而增加;当激励磁场幅值较小时,温度对输出位移的影响较小,但是当激励磁场幅值较大时,输出位移随着温度的升高而明显减小.该结果对如何处理预应力、温度、超磁致伸缩材料的滞回的影响提供了理论依据.     

高精度快速刀具伺服系统中的超磁致伸缩致动器结构设计与控制研究

本文介绍了超磁致伸缩致动器的结构设计与位移精密控制方法,给出了致动器的结构原理图,并对位移的PID控制及模糊PID控制两种控制方法进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明,模糊PID控制具有较好的控制精度。     

国内外超磁致伸缩材料及作动器的研究

超磁致伸缩作动器具有推力强、反应快和分辨率高等特点,在精密定位、精密驱动、机器人、微型阀等领域展现了广阔的应用前景本文在介绍超磁致伸缩材料及其应用的基础上,分析了国内外超磁致伸缩作动器的研究动态、应用状况等,并对几类超磁致伸缩作动器的原理、结构进行了阐述,最后提出了超磁致伸缩作动器的四个研究方向。     

超磁致伸缩微位移执行器控制系统研究

以单片机和上位PC微机为控制核心,设计并构建了利用超磁致伸缩棒开发的超磁致伸缩执行器的计算机闭环控制系统,完成了相应的软硬件设计．结合所开发的超磁致伸缩微位移执行器的结构建立了传递函数模型,针对微位移执行器控制系统进行了数字PID控制器设计,通过实验得出,在不降低其相对稳定性情况下数字控制系统的精度提高,为进一步提高超磁致伸缩执行器的精度、改善整个系统的动态特性奠定了基础．     

超磁致伸缩驱动微泵的磁场优化分析与实验验证

为使超磁致伸缩驱动微泵中超磁致伸缩材料(GMM)棒获得最佳的磁致伸缩性能,在ANSYS Maxwell软件中建立双线圈式驱动磁场、外线圈内永磁体式驱动磁场、内线圈外永磁体式驱动磁场模型,进行仿真分析,得到三种情况下微泵轴线上平均磁场强度和磁场均匀度,并通过试验验证优选结构的磁场强度和均匀度。结果表明:外线圈长度L_(q1)=104 mm,厚度d_(q1)=12.5 mm;内线圈长度L_(q2)=104 mm,厚度d_(q2)=12.5 mm的双线圈式驱动磁场相对于外线圈内永磁体式和内线圈外永磁体式平均磁场强度提高了117%和8.6%,磁场均匀度下降4%。试验结果与仿真结果基本吻合,验证了仿真模型的正确性。     

基于超磁致伸缩材料的驱动器设计及磁场仿真

基于超磁致伸缩材料的工作原理,设计了具有微位移可控特性的驱动器。为了探究驱动器内部磁场设计的合理性以及超磁致伸缩驱动器的磁感应强度与激励电流之间的关系,应用ANSYS有限元分析软件对超磁致伸缩驱动器的内部磁场进行仿真。研究结果表明,超磁致伸缩驱动器磁场设计合理;随着电流的增大,超磁致伸缩材料中的磁感应强度也随之增加并且磁感应强度逐渐趋于饱和。     

微振动控制中超磁致伸缩作动器的设计与分析

针对微振动控制中对作动器的要求,基于超磁致伸缩材料的特性对作动器进行了优化设计,通过对其进行磁路分析、热效应分析,验证了设计的合理性;针对超磁致伸缩材料的非线性性能,利用实验测量的主迟滞回线和一阶折返曲线数据点建立Preisach模型,采用输入校正迭代算法对非线性进行补偿,然后对作动器进行精密定位控制实验.实验结果表明...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.