“走出南方”的南方写作——论东西小说的文学地理景观

东西曾把他的文学写作明确定位为"走出南方",而他的小说创作又常出现南方的故乡(谷里村),这一看似矛盾的现象表明,在东西的小说创作中"南方"是可以从具体和抽象两个层面加以理解的:小说故事背景在南方,但指向的主题或思考却是在南方之外。他的小说虽常常以南方作为背景,南方并不具有规定性的意义。而事实上,东西的小说大都背景模糊,其故事展开的空间并不具有特别的意义。如此种种,都一再表明东西小说写作独特的文学地理风貌。     

关于通俗文艺作品的"史料"价值——以元杂剧的前时代描写为例

中国近代初期创作的小说、戏剧等通俗文艺、文学作品,描写了各种阶层的生活与风俗.即使作品中的故事全部是虚构的,也并不能将其中描绘的人物形象、价值观、风俗等一并断为虚构.其中,元杂剧是中国最早的一大戏剧.元杂剧作品应当反映了市民的感觉和理想.因此,本文将在以宋代或部分以唐末为舞台的元杂剧中,选取公案作品《勘头巾》、才子佳人...     

论象征手法在《胜负未决》中的运用

斯坦贝克的中篇小说《胜负未决》是一部寓意深刻的象征主义小说,作者运用大量的象征手法,赋予作品丰富的思想内涵和生命力。作品的标题、颜色及场景的描绘中蕴含丰富的象征意义,这些象征意义背后隐含着作者的创作意图和作品的主题思想。     

“三一律”视阈下的玛兰德夫人的悲剧

凯特·肖邦的小说《一小时的故事》揭示了美国女性与社会的矛盾问题。本文运用”三一律”戏剧结构来解读作者在小说创作中对这一理论的创新与完善，剖析女主人公在寻找自我价值和从社会约束中挣脱出来的内在转变。     

望着天上月亮行走的女人——浅析毕飞宇《青衣》中主人公的生存状态

在毕飞宇"最忌讳假"的创作阶段,作品《青衣》再现标高.主人公莜燕秋在想象与现实中挣扎,时光的流逝、现实的不容与她自身诗性的、异化的追求,造就了她一段生动的独角戏.隐藏在作品背后的,是对人的生存状态的关注与审视.     

死亡 再生 母亲──浅析《死水潭的比尔》中的象征意义

本世纪上半叶，澳大利亚女作家玛丽·格兰特·布鲁斯（MaryGrantBruce）以丰富多彩的儿童小说创作进入文坛，尤以大量死水潭小说的制作为澳大利亚交界所关注。布氏小说大多寓意深通、内涵丰富、意象生动、象征精妙、耐人寻味，但令人遗憾的是：在我国对布氏作品几乎没有介绍，更无研究可言。即便在澳大利亚本土，人们也大多习惯于把布氏作品当作浅显易懂的少儿故事来阅读，仅满足于故事干实的叙述，流于形象的表层理解。其结果人们对布氏小说博大精深的蕴含不甚了了，丢失了小说最有价值的部分。笔者以为，如此薄待布氏作品；有失完美，也…     

论老舍戏剧与小说的美学沟通

本文力求把老舍的戏剧创作和小说创作“打通”了来研究,找出老舍戏剧与其小说在现实主义、幽默、京味、史诗性等美学层面上的联系和沟通,从跨文体创作角度更加深入地把握和理解老舍戏剧的风格特点,同时也利于全面地了解老舍整个创作的流变.     

被忽略的象征——《边城》主题意蕴新说

对自己的小说创作,沈从文曾说过这样一段意味深长的话:“……我因为作品能够在市场上流行,实际上近于买椟还珠,你们能欣赏我故事的清新,照例那作品背后蕴藏的热情却忽略了。你们能欣赏我文字的朴实,照例那作品背后隐伏的悲痛也忽略了。原因很简单,你们是城市中人。城市中人生活太匆忙,太杂乱,耳朵眼睛接触声音光色过分疲劳,     

论杜拉斯创作中的重复叙述

杜拉斯在作品的人物、背景、情感之中常常杂糅了对现实生活的回忆，在她不同作品中可以发现她流露着相同的情感基调，体现在故事的叙述上就是一再出现重复的情节和人物。这种创作的重复性源于杜拉斯独特的生活体验和创作心理，也使小说的内涵更富弹性张力。     

完美世界破损的忧虑——沈从文小说的情感符号破译

沈从文是一个最小说家的小说家。沈从文最怕的是别人把他的作品当作通俗小说来读。他不无忧虑地告诉人们:“我的作品能够在市场上流行,实际上近于买椟还珠,你们能欣赏我故事的清新,照例那作品背后蕴藏的热情却忽略了,你们能欣赏我文字的朴实,照例那作品背后隐伏的悲痛也忽略了。”然而不幸而言中。自他的作品出现以来,多多少少专家教授     

盾构机密封舱渣土非线性本构模型参数识别

根据密封舱改性渣土的三轴压缩实验数据,建立了基于优化方法的Duncan-Chang双曲线本构模型参数反演方法。为了解决参数识别反问题解的不稳定性问题,在Gauss-Newton优化迭代算法的基础上,提出了正则化参数反演方法。实际应用结果表明,所提出的反演方法具有较快的收敛速度和较强的鲁棒性,预测的实验模型变形与实验值吻合较好。     

Electrochemical properties of LiNi<Subscript>0.5</Subscript>Mn<Subscript>1.3</Subscript>Ti<Subscript>0.2</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript>/Li<Subscript>4</Subscript>Ti<Subscript>5</Subscript>O<Subscript>12</Subscript> cells

Spinel compounds LiNi_0.5Mn_1.3Ti_0.2O₄ (LNMTO) and Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ (LTO) were synthesized by different methods. The particle sizes of LNMTO and LTO are 0.5–2 and 0.5–0.8 μm, respectively. The LNMTO/LTO cell exhibits better electrochemical properties at both a low current rate of 0.2C and a high current rate of 1C. When the specific capacity was determined based on the mass of the LNMTO cathode, the LNMTO/LTO cell delivered 137 mA·h·g⁻¹ at 0.2C and 118.2 mA·h·g⁻¹ at 1C, and the corresponding capacity retentions after 30 cycles are 88.5% and 92.4%, respectively.     

Preparation of Al<Subscript>72</Subscript>Ni<Subscript>8</Subscript>Ti<Subscript>8</Subscript>Zr<Subscript>6</Subscript>Nb<Subscript>3</Subscript>Y<Subscript>3</Subscript> amorphous powders and bulk materials

Amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were successfully fabricated by mechanical alloying. The microstructure, glass-forming ability, and crystallization behavior of amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The isothermal crystallization kinetics was analyzed by the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami equation. In the results, the supercooled liquid region of the amorphous alloy is as high as 81 K, as determined by non-isothermal DSC curves. The activation energy for crystallization is as high as 312.6 kJ·mol?1 obtained by Kissinger and Ozawa analyses. The values of Avrami exponent (n) imply that the crystallization is dominated by interface-controlled three-dimensional growth in the early stage and the end stage and by diffusion-controlled two- or three-dimensional growth in the middle stage. In addition, the amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were sintered under 2 GPa at temperatures of 673 K and 723 K. The results show that the Vickers hardness of the compacted powders is as high as Hv 1215.     

Acid etching process for fabrication of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8＋x stack

We adopted a new method, acid etching process, to fabricate the intrinsic Josephson junctions based on the Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 x single crystals. By soaking the crystals into the dilute hydrochloric acid, we fabricated a junction stack successfully, and meantime made the surrounding area insulated. A certain concentration of hydrochloric acid was used to maintain the roughness of the modified layer. The cur-rent-voltage characteristic was achieved through the four terminal measurement. We could control the junctions' number by changing the concentration and the soaking time. We also found that the thick-ness of the stack was equal to the average height of the insulation layer. Such a simple, convenient and controllable fabrication method with a high yield might widen the applications of the intrinsic Joseph-son junctions.     

基于遗传算法的带附加气室空气悬架多目标优化

以带附加气室的空气弹簧悬架为研究对象,按照物理模型建立带附加气室空气弹簧的数学模型,考虑到空气弹簧刚度的非线性,将该模型以空气弹簧非线性力的形式直接引入到1/4车辆模型。以提高车辆平顺性、行驶安全性及操纵稳定性的综合性能为目标,以附加气室容积为优化变量,设计带附加气室空气悬架的多目标优化模型;考虑到悬架性能各指标量在量纲与量级上的差异,对各指标量进行统一化处理,并采用线性加权和法将多目标函数转化为单目标评价函数。在MAT-LAB/Simulink中搭建系统仿真模型,采用遗传优化算法对典型工况下的最优附加气室容积进行寻优。优化结果表明,优化附加气室容积能有效提高悬架的综合性能,降低车身加速度、悬架动行程,但轮胎动载荷有所增加。     

Kinetic parameters of oscillating reaction of amino acid- BrO3^——Mn^2＋-H2SO4-acetone system

In the previous papers[1—3], the oscillating reactionusing amino acids as organic substrates was studied. Inorder to obtain information about the kinetic parameters ofoscillating reaction of amino acids in amino acid- BrO3 - ?Mn2 -H2SO4-acetone sy…     

Rolling-induced microstructure change in Zr_（65）Al_（7.5）Ni_（10）Cu_（12.5）Ag_5 bulk metallic glass

The microstructures and free-volume evolutions of as-cast and pre-annealed Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu12.5Ag5 bulk metallic glasses during rolling deformation have been investigated. No phase transformation is detected in the as-cast/rolled specimen. However,the structural stability of the glass against plastic deformation is worse after pre-annealing,indicated by nanocrystallization in preannealed/rolled specimens with large deformation degrees. Moreover,with increasing deformation degree,the free-volume content in a pre-annealed/rolled specimen increases at a lower average rate than that in an as-cast/rolled specimen.     

Synthesis, Characterization and Calorimetry of Ni（C4H8N2O3）2Cl2

A coordination complex was synthesized from NiCl2 and dipeptide glycylglycine（GG）. It was characterized by element analysis, NMR and TG methods, and then was determined to be Ni（C4HsN2O3）2Cl2. Using an isoperibolic reaction calorimeter, the standard molar enthalpy of formation of Ni（GG）2Cl2（solid） has been determined to be -（1 674.66±2.02） kJ · mol^-1 at 298.15 K.     

Work toughening effect in Zr_（41）Ti_（14）Cu_（12.5）Ni_（10）Be_（22.5） bulk metallic glass

Work hardening is a well-known phenomenon occurring in crystalline metals during deformation,which has been widely used to increase the strength of metals although their ductility is usually reduced simultaneously. Here we report that the plastic strain of Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 (at.%) bulk metallic glasses has been increased from 0.3% for the as-cast sample to 2.5%-8.0% for samples that have experienced pre-deformation under constrained conditions. The pre-deformed glassy alloys possess more free volume and abundant introduced shear bands,which are believed to promote the activation of shear bands in post-deformation and result in an increase in plasticity. The orientation of the pre-introduced shear bands relative to the loading direction will affect the deformation behavior of pre-deformed samples. The present results show that pre-deformation of this glassy alloy will result in work toughening. This work toughening effect can be removed by isothermal annealing at a sub-Tg (glass transition) temperature,which causes annihilation of free volume and healing of shear bands.     

Dissolution of Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>TiO<Subscript>5</Subscript> inclusions in CaO-SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>-Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> slags at 1823 K

Al-Ti-O inclusions always clog submerged nozzles in Ti-bearing Al-killed steel. A typical synthesized Al₂TiO₅ inclusion was immersed in a CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃ molten slag for different durations at 1823 K. The Al₂TiO₅ dissolution paths and mechanism were revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Decreased amounts of Ti and Al and increased amounts of Si and Ca at the dissolution boundary prove that inclusion dissolution and slag penetration simultaneously occur. SiO₂ diffuses or penetrates the inclusion more quickly than CaO, as indicated by the w(CaO)/w(SiO₂) value in the reaction region. A liquid product (containing 0.7–1.2 w(CaO)/w(SiO₂), 15wt%–20wt% Al₂O₃, and 5wt%–15wt% TiO₂) forms on the inclusion surface when Al₂TiO₅ is dissolved in the slag. Al₂TiO₅ initially dissolves faster than the diffusion rate of the liquid product toward the bulk slag. With increasing reaction time, the boundary reaches its largest distance, the Al₂TiO₅ dissolution rate equals the liquid product diffusion rate, and the dissolution process remains stable until the inclusion is completely dissolved.