荧光分子探针β-1,4-半乳糖基转移酶Ⅰ底物的合成

以7-羟基香豆素为原料,经甲酰化后制得8-甲酰基-4-甲基伞形酮(2);2与D-葡萄糖和N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖进行取代、氟代及醇解反应后,分别合成了荧光分子探针β-1,4-GalTⅠ的两个特异性底物,即8-二氟甲基-7-羟基香豆素-β-D-葡萄糖苷(7)和8-二氟甲基-7-羟基香豆素-β-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷(8);其结构经~1H-NMR,~(13)C-NMR和ESI-MS确证.     

含α，β-不饱和酮的新的环金属钌配合物的合成及其对HSO3-的识别

将 4-(2-吡啶基) 苯乙酮与 3-醛基-7-N, N-二乙基氨基香豆素缩合反应, 获得了具有α,β-不饱和酮结构的C,N-配体(1) ,再将该配体与[Ru(cycme) Cl₂]₂和 2,2''-二联吡啶反应, 得到了具有 α,β-不饱和酮的环金属钌配合物(2) ,并通过¹H NMR, MS 和紫外-可见吸收光谱表征了其结构．结果表明: 该配合物的最大吸收峰位于 475 nm,其摩尔消光系数达到 5.2×10⁴ mol^-1 ·L·cm^-1 ; 在 PBS 缓 冲溶液中, 可选择性识别 HSO₃^-, 对 HSO₃^-检测限为37 μmol /L.     

磷钨酸/活性炭催化合成7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素

7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素是一种重要的医药化工中间体.笔者研究了活性炭负载磷钨酸催化合成7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素的反应,考察了反应的各种影响因素,通过单因素实验得到合成7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素的最佳工艺条件：n(间苯二酚) ：n(乙酰乙酸乙酯)=1∶1;反应温度为100 ℃;反应时间为3 h;磷钨酸/活性碳的负载比为22.3%,用量为0.15 g;收率达74.3%.     

4∶5,7∶8-二异亚丙基-3-去氧-D-甘露-2-辛酮酸(Kdo)甲酯及其对甲基硫苷合成

以D-甘露糖和L-酒石酸二甲酯为原料合成4∶5,7∶8-O-二异亚丙基-3-去氧-D-甘露-2-辛酮酸甲酯及其对甲基苯硫苷衍生物。首先,D-甘露糖通过缩酮反应制得2∶3,5∶6-O-二异亚丙基-D-甘露糖1;然后,L-酒石酸二甲酯2经过氧化水解,磷酰化和硅烷基化制得磷酸酯4。化合物1和磷酸酯4经Wittig-Horner反应缩合得到化合物5,脱除硅基制得4∶5,7∶8-二异亚丙基-3-去氧-β-D-甘露-2-辛酮酸甲酯6,总收率为34%。化合物6通过端基乙酰化和硫取代反应得到硫苷衍生物8,六步总收率为26%。产物结构经NMR和HRMS确证。     

密脉鹅掌柴的化学成分研究(Ⅰ)

 对密脉鹅掌柴进行了化学成分研究.采用硅胶柱色谱、RP-C8柱色谱等方法分离化学成分,¹H NMR,¹³C NMR等方法进行结构鉴定,从中分离鉴定了4个化合物:14-羟甲基-3-氧-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸基(1^→2)-β-D-吡喃鼠李糖基齐墩果酸苷(1),绿原酸(2),异绿原酸C(3),莱蓟素(4).化合物1为新化合物,化合物2～4均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

以改进的Tietze法合成对位取代苯酚氧苷类化合物

对Tietze报道的合成苯酚氧苷的方法进行了改进,以全乙酰糖代替1-O-三甲基硅烷基乙酰糖作反应的原料,以无水SnCl4代替三氟甲磺酸三甲基硅酯作反应的促进剂,缩短了反应路线,降低了工艺成本.利用改进的方法设计合成了三个对位取代苯酚氧苷类化合物1-O-(4-硝基苯基)-2,3,5-三-O-乙酰基-β-D-呋喃核糖苷、1-O-(4-乙酰基苯基)-2,3,5-三-O-乙酰基-β-D-呋喃核糖苷和1-O-(4-苯甲酰氧基苯基)-2,3,5-三-O-乙酰基-β-D-呋喃核糖苷.考察了原料比例、促进剂用量和溶剂对反应的影响:反应的促进剂无水SnCl4用量需大于化学计量;溶剂为干燥的二氯甲烷,以非干燥的二氯甲烷或乙腈为溶剂的反应则会有副产物4-硝基苯基乙酸酯的产生,副产物的出现可能为乙酰基参与的糖苷键断裂所致.     

苔色酸基-2-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷的合成

本文合成一种新的天然产物苔色酸基-2-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷,以5-甲基-1,3-二酚为原料,经醛基化,氧化等步骤得到酚基前体,通过经典的Koenigs-knorr糖苷化方法合成糖苷,进一步脱保护得到目标产物,中间体及目标产物的结构通过1H NMR和13C NMR进行了表征。     

丁香酚和异丁香酚-β-D-葡萄糖苷的合成

以丁香酚和异丁香酚以及 α-D-溴代四乙酰基葡萄糖为原料,用NaOH水溶液与丙酮的混合溶剂进行丁香酚-四-O-乙酰基-β-D-葡萄糖苷和异丁香酚-四-O-乙酰基-β-D-葡萄糖苷的合成,然后用K2CO3/CH3OH进行脱乙酰基反应,最后得到丁香酚和异丁香酚-β-D-葡萄糖苷,反应总得率为36.8%,产物的结构经IR,1HNMR,13CNMR证实.     

几种新型苯甲酰基脲类几丁质抑制剂的合成(Ⅰ)

 以百菌清和卤代苯腈为原料经3～4步反应合成出2类共4个新型苯甲酰基脲类几丁质合成抑制剂6a-c和9a.两条路线的反应条件均温和,产率高.化合物的结构得到IR,MS,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,¹⁹FNMR,HRMS等波谱的证实.     

戟叶酸模非石油醚部位的化学成分研究

利用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱等方法对酸模属植物戟叶酸模(Rumexhastatus)的非石油醚部位进行分离和纯化,根据化合物理化性质以及波谱数据分析鉴定其结构.共分离得到7个化合物,分别为1-O-阿魏酰基-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(1)、蔗糖(2)、酸模素(3)、酸模素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4)、反式白藜芦醇(5)、反式白藜芦醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(6)、β-谷甾醇(7).化合物1、2首次从该植物中分离得到.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.