我国专利质量现状、成因及对策探讨

随着建设创新型国家战略的实施和对专利工作的重视,我国专利数量逐年攀升,但专利质量不容乐观。文章对我国专利质量现状进行了分析,剖析了专利质量低的诸多危害,在对我国专利质量低的原因进行探讨的基础上,提出了提高专利质量的对策。     

论专利情报分析服务于科技创新

在经济全球化时代,科技创新能力越来越为国家和企业所重视,专利情报分析作为发现新技术的独特信息源,应该为我们充分利用。本文系统介绍了专利情报分析的意义、专利情报检索、专利情报分析的基本方法和新技术、专利分析的缺陷及我国对专利情报分析利用的不足,以促进专利情报分析在我国的应用和发展。     

专利证券化--融资方式的新发展

专利证券化是一种新型的融资方式,它具有多种融资优点,同时还具有促进专利商品化、产业化的功能。在简要介绍专利证券化的基础上,详细阐述了专利证券化在我国的重要意义,结合专利证券化在美国的实践中存在的风险和困难,指出了专利证券化在实施中应注意的问题并对专利证券化在我国如何实施提出了自己的看法。     

我国台湾地区专利代理行业现状研究

在我国建设知识产权强国的过程中,构建健全规范的专利代理制度体系是知识产权事业发展的有力支撑。随着经济发展和社会进步,虽然我国专利代理制度建设取得了很大的进步,但是还存在一些问题和不足。本文以研究我国台湾地区专利代理行业现状为基础,分析台湾地区专利代理制度改革的方向,提炼其值得借鉴之处,为完善我国专利代理制度提供依据。     

我国污废水处理领域专利地图分析

我国水资源短缺,水环境压力大,城市缺水问题尤其突出,污废水处理回用是应对水资源与水环境问题的战略选择.以技术角度为切入点,研究近年来我国污废水处理专利的战略布局和发展动向,检索了我国1985年至2011年8月间污水处理领域公开的所有专利,利用专利地图方法,分别从专利管理图和专利技术图两个方面对这些专利进行深入分析.结果表明,自1985年以来,我国污废水处理技术专利长期处于快速发展阶段;专利申请主要集中在东部地区,中西部地区还相对落后;污废水处理专利主要以发明和实用新型专利为主,以个人申请较为活跃,但大学和科研机构的专利占有量相对较高.目前,我国污废水处理专利以污废水处理(包含多级处理)和生物处理所为主.     

我国台湾地区专利代理行业现状研究

在我国建设知识产权强国的过程中,构建健全规范的专利代理制度体系是知识产权事业发展的有力支撑。随着经济发展和社会进步,虽然我国专利代理制度建设取得了很大的进步,但是还存在一些问题和不足。本文以研究我国台湾地区专利代理行业现状为基础,分析台湾地区专利代理制度改革的方向,提炼其值得借鉴之处,为完善我国专利代理制度提供依据。     

我国高校专利转化机构人员组成现状及对策

高校专利转化机构是我国高校专利转化的一个重要途径,但是我国高校专利转化机构在机构建设方面,还存在较多问题,影响了专利转化机构职能的实现。高校专利转化工作应成立专门的专利转化机构,强化高校专利机构的组织建设,建立专业化的专利转化队伍,储备具有多学科背景、复合型知识的专利转化人才,才能有效促进我国高校专利转化工作。     

对专利行政执法的若干思考

本文从《Trips》协议和我国历次颁布的《专利法》中对专利行政执法的规定进行了梳理溯源,对我国专利行政执法的废存争议作了比较和理性的分析,对专利行政执法的必要性、执法现状进行了阐述和思考,最后对我国专利行政执法提出了建议和措施。     

欧洲专利信息工作的特点及启示

随着我国《国家知识产权战略纲要》的提出,专利信息工作得到了社会的普遍关注及重视,专利信息具有技术性和经济性,对企业的科技创新具有较高的参考价值。本文以欧洲专利局专利信息工作特点为研究对象,对其专利信息资源利用、专利信息平台建设、专利信息人才培养及专利信息特色服务等几个方面进行分析和梳理,在借鉴欧洲专利局专利信息工作的基础上,提出了我国专利信息工作的实施建议。     

基于专利情报分析的我国牧草机械技术发展趋势研究

在阐述了国内外牧草机械技术研究现状及技术需求现状的基础上,利用中美专利数据对牧草机械技术相关专利进行了比较和分析,在分析的基础上得出以下结论:随着我国畜牧业经济的快速发展,牧草机械专利数量迅猛增长,保持年增长80件左右;从技术趋势分析中可以看出我国的牧业机械专利集中在牧草的收获与压捆方面;对牧草动力配套、液压系统方面的研究几乎为空白。我国的牧草机械专利质量总体水平不高,专利结构中发明专利比例偏低,专利研发时间投入短,PCT国际申请为空白。此结果用于指导我国牧草机械技术领域的研发和产业发展。最后提出一些关于发展我国牧草生产机械化装备的建议。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to