安徽沙溪式斑岩铜(金)矿床地质地球化学特征及成因分析

沙溪斑岩铜(金)矿床位于庐枞火山岩盆地西北外围,处于郯庐断裂带内部.矿体主要产于燕山期的石英闪长斑岩,次为黑云母石英闪长斑岩中.主要成矿期为岩浆期后热液期.蚀变分带自内向外:钠-更长石化带—硬石膏-黑云母-钾硅酸盐化带—钾硅酸盐青磐岩化叠加带—石英绢云母化带—青磐岩化带,主要工业矿体位于钾硅酸盐化带及其外侧.文章总结沙溪式斑岩铜(金)矿床地质地球化学特征,并对该类型铜(金)矿床的成因进行了探讨.     

内蒙古乌奴格吐山铜钼矿床围岩蚀变特征浅析

位于外贝加尔裙皱系与大兴安岭褶皱系的交接地带,中生代火山岩带相对隆起区,德尔布干成矿带中段的乌山斑岩铜钼矿床是一大型以铜钼为主的多金属矿床。其围岩蚀变具有典型的斑岩型矿床蚀变特征。蚀变范围7km^2,分带为：石英—钾长石化带、石英—绢云母—水白云母化带、伊利石—水白云母化带。蚀变类型主要有：硅化、钾长石化、绢云母化、水白云母化、伊利石化、碳酸盐化,次为黑云母化、高岭土化、白云母化、硬石膏化。蚀变与矿化关系密切。     

围岩蚀变在斑岩型铜矿找矿中的应用

斑岩型铜矿有其独特的蚀变和分带,由于蚀变围岩常比矿体大,并较易寻找和圈定,且斑岩铜矿的一定蚀变组合与矿化类型有密切的关系,故围岩蚀变长期以来都是一种直接的找矿标志。通过云南中甸地区2个斑岩铜矿围岩蚀变特征的对比分析,本文总结出斑岩铜矿床的围岩蚀变特征及其在找矿中的指示作用。研究表明,绢英岩化或钾硅化为高温蚀变带,是直接找矿标志,青磐岩化为低温蚀变带,是间接找矿标志。     

西藏谢通门县雄村铜(金)矿蚀变特征及成因探讨

西藏谢通门县雄村铜(金)矿是新发现的位于冈底斯中段的大型铜(金)矿床.其矿化围绕含眼球状石英斑晶的角闪石石英闪长玢岩及其环带状蚀变带分布.薄片研究表明:矿体由内至外主要发育钾硅酸盐化、强烈硅化、绢云母红柱石次生石英岩化和黄铁绢英岩化蚀变,形成了大范围的矿化.雄村铜(金)矿与矿区北西向构造带上多处矿体的特征相似,为一由角闪石石英闪长玢岩杂岩体侵入而形成的斑岩型铜(金)矿床.     

ASTER数据在遥感蚀变填图中的应用研究——以内蒙古半拉山钼矿床为例

使用ASTER数据对内蒙古半拉山隐爆角砾岩型钼矿床进行矿床尺度的蚀变填图。使用VNIR和SWIR谱段的单波段RBD分析、简单波段组合分析提取岩性分带信息,使用PCA主成分分析,提取黏土化、青磐岩化、碳酸盐化和褐铁矿化的蚀变信息,使用TIR谱段提取硅化、钾化和碳酸盐化的蚀变信息,获得半拉山矿床自西向东分布青磐岩化带、碳酸盐化带和黏土化带的蚀变带分布图。结合实地勘测结果,证实ASTER数据对斑岩型矿床及相关的隐爆角砾岩型矿床蚀变带的识别具有较好效果。在矿床尺度上可以应用VNIR数据和SWIR数据有效区分黏土化、青磐岩化和碳酸盐化,在矿田尺度上可以应用TIR数据区分硅化和钾化,但对于只在VNIR谱段具有光谱特征的铁氧化物,蚀变解译效果较差。     

ASTER数据在遥感蚀变填图中的应用研究——-以内蒙古半拉山钼矿床为例

使用ASTER数据对内蒙古半拉山隐爆角砾岩型钼矿床进行矿床尺度的蚀变填图。 使用VNIR和SWIR谱段的单波段RBD分析、简单波段组合分析提取岩性分带信息, 使用PCA主成分分析, 提取黏土化、青磐岩化、碳酸盐化和褐铁矿化的蚀变信息, 使用TIR谱段提取硅化、钾化和碳酸盐化的蚀变信息, 获得半拉山矿床自西向东分布青磐岩化带、碳酸盐化带和黏土化带的蚀变带分布图。结合实地勘测结果, 证实ASTER数据对斑岩型矿床及相关的隐爆角砾岩型矿床蚀变带的识别具有较好效果。在矿床尺度上可以应用VNIR数据和SWIR数据有效区分黏土化、青磐岩化和碳酸盐化, 在矿田尺度上可以应用TIR数据区分硅化和钾化, 但对于只在VNIR谱段具有光谱特征的铁氧化物, 蚀变解译效果较差。     

青海哈日扎含铜斑岩特征及其找矿潜力分析

通过对青海哈日扎含铜斑岩特征、岩石地球化学特征以及成岩、成矿环境的分析,探明哈日扎含铜斑岩由蚀变花岗闪长斑岩组成,属高钾钙碱性岩石类型,具幔源岩浆底侵下地壳熔融的成岩特征。含铜斑岩体具强烈高岭土化、石英绢云母化。矿体产出在高岭土化带和石英绢云母化带的接合部,其特征与德兴、玉龙等典型斑岩型铜矿床蚀变、赋存部位等特征相似,具有很好的成岩成矿环境和找矿前景。     

云南中甸普朗斑岩铜矿成因探讨

普朗斑岩铜矿位于义敦岛弧带南段,产于印支-燕山早期普朗复式斑(玢)岩中。主要岩性由石英闪长玢岩、石英二长斑岩和花岗闪长斑岩组成,岩石化学和地球化学特征显示为碱性岩石系列I型花岗岩。成矿流体具高盐度和成矿温度150～300℃变化。硫同位素δ34SCDT为-2.23‰～3.75‰,来源于深源岩浆。矿床的构造作用、液压致裂作用和蚀变脉体形成等成矿机理经历了一个复杂过程。成岩和成矿作用的时间大致为235～206Ma,具多阶段性,其中石英-辉钼成矿阶段为(213±3.8)Ma,成岩和成矿时代主体为印支期。矿床蚀变由中心向外依次为硅化钾化带—绢英岩化带—青磐岩(角岩)化带的面型蚀变特征。成因类型属岛孤斑岩型铜矿床。     

内蒙古东珺铅锌银矿床质量平衡计算与围岩蚀变特征

为研究内蒙古东珺铅锌银矿床围岩蚀变类型与蚀变分带地球化学特征,将近矿、远矿蚀变围岩与紫红色安山岩进行对比,以Al_2O_3为惰性组分,利用标准化Isocon图解法对围岩蚀变过程中物质组分带入、带出进行质量平衡计算;分析微量元素的迁移机制。研究结果表明:蚀变的空间位置关系自内向外可以划分为3个蚀变带即钾硅化-绢云母化带、绢英岩化带、青磐岩化带,其中与矿床成矿关系最为密切的是绢英岩化带;岩浆热液沿裂隙侵位交代围岩,近矿蚀变围岩中各组分质量变化都非常明显,Mg O,P2O5,TFe2O3,Ca O和Na2O组分都在蚀变时随热液大量迁出,而SiO_2和K2O则在热液对围岩进行交代过程中保留下来;近矿蚀变围岩多发生硅化、钾化、绢云母化、黑云母化蚀变;近矿蚀变围岩中明显减少的组分TFe2O3,Mg O和P2O5在远矿蚀变围岩中都略有增加,Ca O质量分数显著上升,SiO_2质量分数减少;远矿蚀变多发生绿帘石化、绿泥石化、碳酸盐化;近矿蚀变围岩轻重稀土分馏最强,远矿蚀变围岩轻重稀土分馏减弱;近矿蚀变围岩主要富集U和Th等高场强元素,多强烈亏损Ba和Sr等大离子亲石元素,其中La,Ce,Sr,Nd,Zr,Sm和Y元素从近矿围岩中组分流失而在远矿围岩处相对富集,具备火山—次火山热液矿床地球化学与围岩蚀变特征。     

二棚甸子-宽甸万宝一带铜钼矿成矿地质特征

为研究二棚甸子-宽甸万宝一带铜钼矿成矿的地质特征,对这一成矿带铜钼矿所处的区域地质背景,矿区、矿体地质特征等进行论述,分析总结矿体的成矿条件,探究岩浆活动、构造运动及围岩蚀变与铜钼矿体成因之间的关系.结果表明:铜矿体多产于岩体内部或接触带附近,钼矿体主要赋存在花岗闪长岩岩体内,刘家沟、昌邑沟钼矿体赋存于花岗斑岩或石英斑岩围岩,滚立岔则是一条燕山期侵入的花岗闪长岩与古生界地层所形成的含铜多金属矽卡岩带;断裂构造多具控岩控矿作用,为成矿提供元素的运移通道,断裂交汇处是储矿的有利部位;围岩总体上具有硅化、钾化、伊利石—水云母化、黄铁绢英岩化等.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.