污泥灰去除模拟废水中Cu~(2+)的吸附研究

以城市污水处理厂污泥为原料热解制得污泥灰,对吸附模拟废水中Cu2+离子的反应条件进行研究,考察了反应时间、溶液pH值、污泥灰投加量、初始浓度、温度、离子强度等因素,对探讨污泥灰去除废水中Cu2+可行性提供科学依据.     

改性花生壳对重金属Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能研究

为了解决处理含铬等重金属废水时成本高和效率低等问题,采用吸附法去除Cr(Ⅵ),筛选廉价且吸附性能较好的吸附剂成为研究中的热点问题.而纤维素类农作物废弃物是廉价吸附剂的重要来源,文中选用花生壳为吸附剂原料,采用盐酸对其表面进行酸化改性.考察了pH值、温度、Cr(Ⅵ)初始浓度、改性花生壳投加量和吸附时间对铬离子吸附效果的影响.结果表明,最佳吸附条件为pH=l,温度为50℃,铬离子浓度为50 mg/L,吸附剂投加量为10 g/L,吸附时间为140 min.通过考察反应动力学过程,发现改性花生壳吸附符合准二级反应动力学方程,Freundlich等温吸附模型也能较好地描述改性花生壳对铬离子溶液的等温吸附过程.经过分析研究和实验验证,改性花生壳对吸附废水中的Cr(Ⅵ)是可行有效的.     

改性花生壳对重金属Cr(VI)的吸附性能研究

为了解决处理含铬等重金属废水时成本高和效率低等问题,采用吸附法去除Cr(VI),筛选廉价且吸附性能较好的吸附剂成为研究中的热点问题。而纤维素类农作物废弃物是廉价吸附剂的重要来源,文中选用花生壳为吸附剂原料,采用盐酸对其表面进行酸化改性。考察了pH值、温度、Cr(VI)初始浓度、改性花生壳投加量和吸附时间对铬离子吸附效果的影响。结果表明,最佳吸附条件为pH=1,温度为50℃,铬离子浓度为50 mg/L,吸附剂投加量为10 g/L,吸附时间为140 min.通过考察反应动力学过程,发现改性花生壳吸附符合准二级反应动力学方程,Freundlich等温吸附模型也能较好地描述改性花生壳对铬离子溶液的等温吸附过程。经过分析研究和实验验证,改性花生壳对吸附废水中的Cr(VI)是可行有效的。     

改性花生壳生物质炭对土壤中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附机制

为了提高土壤中重金属Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率,采用简单高效的吸附法,筛选廉价且吸附效果好的吸附剂成为土壤中重金属去除的研究热点.以农业废弃物花生壳为原料,用FeCl₃和ZnCl₂改性得到改性花生壳生物质炭(MPS),将其用于土壤中重金属Cr(Ⅵ)吸附研究实验中.考察pH值、投加量、反应温度、初始浓度和反应时间对Cr(Ⅵ)去除率的影响,并对吸附机制进行探讨.结果表明,在pH值为3时,MPS添加量为土壤质量的5%,反应温度为30℃,初始质量浓度为120 mg·L^-1,反应时间为120 min,得到的最高去除率为98.23%.参数拟合结果表明,改性花生壳生物质炭Langmuir吸附模型的相关系数R²高达0.993,准二级动力学拟合的相关系数R²为0.987,表明是单分子层反应.     

β-环糊精交联聚合物对两种重金属处理研究

采用经改性的β-环糊精对重金属废水进行处理,分析了其对Fe2+、Cu2+、两种重金属离子的去除效果,并研究了β-环糊精交联聚合物投加量、温度、反应时间、p H值等因素对实验效果的影响.实验结果表明,β-环糊精的交联聚合物对Fe2+的去除率可以达到95.8%,对Cu2+的去除率为25.9%.     

茶叶渣对六价铬离子的吸附研究

采用茶叶渣对水溶液中的六价铬离子进行了吸附降解,考察了六价铬离子原始浓度、茶渣投加量、废水的温度、溶液初始pH、反应时间等对吸附的影响.结果表明,当反应时间为1.5h时茶渣对目标离子的吸附达到饱和状态;废水的pH越低吸附降解的效率越高;温度为45℃时吸附效果最好;6g/L的茶渣投加量对浓度为20mg/LCr(VI)溶液的降解效果最佳.实验还发现,茶渣对六价铬离子的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温线,遵循拟二级动力学模型.     

花生壳生物质炭的响应面法优化制备及其对水中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附

为探究生物质炭用于重金属废水处理的效果,选用花生壳为原料,ZnCl₂为改性剂,采用响应面优化法,得出最优生物质炭的制备条件,并探究了不同单因素对花生壳生物质炭吸附水中Cr(Ⅵ)的效果.结果表明:处理含50 mg/L的Cr(Ⅵ)溶液,花生壳生物质炭的最优制备条件为ZnCl₂改性剂浓度4 mol/L,炭烧温度500 ℃,炭烧时间3 h,单因素实验最佳反应条件为pH=2,投加量=50 mg,此时吸附率为93.72%,且温度越高越有利于吸附.等温吸附实验符合Langmuir模型,表明吸附过程以单分子层吸附为主,属于吸热反应;动力学符合准二级方程,吸附过程中以化学吸附为主.     

三维电极对N,N-二甲基甲酰胺模拟废水的处理效果

制备Al₂O₃负载Fe粒子电极并用于三维电极反应器处理N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)模拟废水,研究反应时间、电流强度、粒子电极投加量、电解质投加量、初始pH对DMF去除效果的影响,并通过正交试验研究各因素对DMF去除效果影响程度。结果表明：三维电极处理DMF模拟废水的最佳工艺条件为电流为1.4 A,粒子电极投加量为9 g,电解质投加量为1.5 g, pH为8,此条件下反应6 h得到DMF的去除率可达96.12%;各因素对DMF去除效果的影响由大到小依次为电流强度、粒子电极投加量、pH、电解质投加量。     

活性污泥吸附重金属离子的研究

重金属废水的污染日益严重,寻找廉价高效的吸附剂是经济地处理重金属废水的关键.试验选择活性污泥为吸附剂,考察其对重金属离子Cu2+、Zn2+和Cd2+的吸附性能.实验结果表明,活性污泥对3种重金属离子都有很强的吸附能力,且吸附很快,前4 min时的去除率和吸附量上升最快;在常温范围内,温度对活性污泥吸附金属的影响并不显著,而体系pH值和吸附剂投加量的影响较为重要;活性污泥对3种重金属离子的吸附均符合Langmuir模型.     

复合絮凝剂应用于废水重金属去除效率的因素影响及其动力学研究

对PAC＋PAM复合絮凝剂应用于废水重金属去除效率的因素影响及其动力学进行了研究,通过考察PAC投加量、PAM投加量、PAC及PAM复合絮凝剂作用时最佳投加量、pH值、反应时间等因素对该实验室废水中铜的去除率影响,确定了反应的最佳条件,在此条件下铜的去除率可达96.7%。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.