粤北塘湾岩体岩石地球化学特征及其意义

塘湾岩体位于诸广岩体中南部,岩性主要为中细粒斑状二云母花岗岩。对塘湾岩体进行了详细的主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素的研究。结果表明,该岩体表现为高钾钙碱性,SiO_2含量高(72.76%~74.32%,平均值为73.50%),富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=7.61%~8.50%,平均值为8.07%),且钾大于钠,铝过饱和(A/CNK值介于1.03~1.12之间,平均1.07)的特点。微量元素中富集Rb,Th,U,Ce,Zr,Hf,明显亏损Sr,P,Ti,Ta,岩体铀含量较高,Th/U比值低,岩体中的铀多受到了活化改造,对铀成矿有利;稀土元素具有总含量不高,配分模式呈右倾型,轻、重稀土分馏明显,以及强烈的铕负异常等特征。推测其形成于岩石圈伸展减薄的环境下,源区由泥质岩(主要)和砂质岩(次要)混合组成。     

打古寨——罗布里两种类型花岗岩的同位素地质研究

本文研究的打古寨和罗布里岩体是桃山复式花岗岩体内部两种不同成因类型的岩体,成岩时代均为燕山早期。根据Sr,Pb,O和S同位素资料,结合地质特征,笔者认为打古寨岩体是由上部地壳重熔改造形成,属陆壳改造型花岗岩;罗布里岩体是由壳幔混合岩浆形成,属同熔型花岗岩。     

北淮阳东段九王寨岩体地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb定年及地质意义

九王寨岩体位于北淮阳东段西部、金寨县南部,为过铝质高钾钙碱性系列岩石,岩性为石英闪长岩,具有较高的SiO2和Al2O3含量,富碱质、低钛等。稀土元素配分曲线右倾,Eu谷不明显,轻稀土分馏较明显,重稀土较平坦(分馏不明显),属轻稀土富集型。微量元素原始地幔蛛网图显示,大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、Sr富集,而K亏损,高场强元素Y、Th、U、Zr、Hf富集,而Nb、Ta、P、Ti呈现低谷负异常,明显亏损。通过LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年,获得九王寨岩体206Pb/238 U年龄为(151.7±1.8)~(135.3±1.4)Ma,相当于燕山中期,是中侏罗世末期—晚侏罗世末期岩浆活动的产物,代表九王寨岩体的成岩年龄,也说明九王寨岩体至少有2次岩浆侵位。岩浆来源于地壳,受到地幔物质的混染;九王寨岩体形成于燕山中期造山挤压的构造环境。     

粤北九峰岩体的地球化学特征与成因研究

对九峰岩体进行了较为详细的主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素和Nd-Sr同位素的综合研究。通过分析和对比,九峰岩体的主量元素组成明显不同于I型花岗岩;微量元素以富集大离子元素Rb,Th和亏损Ba,Sr,Nb,P,Ti为特征;稀土总量较高,配分模式呈右倾型,Eu明显亏损;具有低的εNd(t)、高的(87Sr/86Sr)i值和古老的Nd模式年龄。据此认为九峰岩体是在太平洋板块俯冲导致先存的东西向大东山诸广山断裂带重新复活的构造背景下,由古老地壳组分通过部分熔融的方式形成。     

藏南雪莎地区辉绿岩脉的锆石U-Pb年龄、岩石地球化学和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素

探讨特提斯喜马拉雅在早白垩世的地质构造演化历史。通过对西藏南部雪莎地区辉绿岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学以及Sr-Nd-Pb同位素的研究,获得成岩年龄为124.5±2.6 Ma,全岩主元素及痕量元素地球化学特征显示:它们属于低钾(拉斑)系列,SiO_2质量分数为45.55%～46.67%,具有高TFeO(平均质量分数为9.62%)、高钛(TiO_2平均质量分数为1.73%)、高磷(P_2O_5平均质量分数为0.19%)等特点;轻、重稀土元素分馏较为明显(LREE/HREE=3.54～3.67,(La/Yb)_N比值平均为3.06),具有较弱的Eu正异常(δEu=1.02～1.19),富集大离子亲石元素(LILE,如Ba、Sr、Th)和高场强元素(HFSF,如Zr、Hf),呈现典型的洋岛玄武岩(OIB)地球化学特征;Sr、Nd、Pb同位素[(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_t=0.705 17～0.706 14、(~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd)_t=0.512 748～0.512 809、ε_(Nd)(t)=5.27～6.46、(~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb)_t=15.564～15.587以及(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb)_t=18.285～18.490]显示出亏损地幔特征。结合区域地质资料,认为雪莎地区辉绿岩形成于被动大陆边缘构造环境,具有OIB型地球化学特征,可能与澳大利亚Kerguelen地幔热柱有关,属于Comei-Bunbury大火成岩省的一部分。     

甘肃中祁连冬草沟花岗岩基岩石地球化学特征

冬草沟花岗岩基位于中祁连西段,属于加里东中期构造岩浆旋回的组成部分。本文通过对该岩基岩石地球化学特征进行研究,结果显示岩体中大离子亲石元素Ba、Th、Rb含量较高,K2O、Ba、Th、Rb等不相容元素强烈富集,Ce具正异常;岩体中稀土总量均变化较大,轻稀土较富集,呈减少趋势演化,重稀土含量变化较大,具弱负铕或正铕异常。通过构造环境判别,该岩体属岛弧钙碱性花岗岩类(KCG),为板块俯冲之产物,其形成于陆缘岛弧环境。     

青藏高原东北缘马泉新生代碱性玄武岩地球化学及其成因探讨

马泉新生代碱性玄武岩出露在青藏高原东北缘,岩石SiO2介于40.40%～41.84%之间,TiO2含量高(3.73%～4.57%),K2O(0.37%～3.24%)和Na2O(0.57%～2.59%)含量高且变化范围较宽,K2O/Na2O为0.46～1.92,属于典型的幔源高钛-极高钛大陆溢流碱性玄武岩类。岩石微量及稀土元素具板内火山岩特征,Th、Rb等元素呈较明显的富集状态。岩石87Sr/86Sr(0.704090～0.704668),143Nd/144Nd(0.512770～0.512869),206Pb/204Pb(18.363698～18.866220),207Pb/204Pb(15.495292～15.602144),208Pb/204Pb(38.092958～39.399417)等同位素变化特征以及岩石高Mg(Mg#=60.7～65.9),高Sm/Yb值,(Ce/Yb)N在29.37～35.82,表明马泉碱性玄武岩的岩浆源区深度较大,应来源于软流圈地幔石榴石二辉橄榄岩的局部熔融。     

376铀矿床的同位素地质研究

本文所研究的376铀矿床位于雪峰期M岩体的内外接触带中,成矿时代属加里东晚期。根据Rb—Sr,U—Pb和K—Ar同位素年龄以及氧、铅和硫稳定同位素资料,并结合矿区的地质特征,笔者认为:成矿溶液以大气降水来源为主;成矿物质主要来源于M岩体,部分来源于变质沉积岩;矿床的形成与加里东晚期变质作用有着密切的成因上的联系。     

江西广丰碱性橄榄玄武岩的成因:SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄和元素、Sr-Nd-Pb同位素制约

广丰盆地红色沉积岩系下部夹有一层玄武岩,玄武岩的锆石具有明显的环带结构,显示岩浆成因的特征;SHRIMP锆石U-Th-Pb分析结果显示:Th/U=0.28~1.28,13个分析点的206Pb/238U年龄变化为88.5~102.5 Ma,加权平均年龄为(99.0±0.7)Ma,MSWD=1.3,地质时代属晚白垩世早期。在Si O2-(K2O+Na2O)和Nb/Y-Zr/Ti O2图解上均落入碱性玄武岩范围,显示碱性系列的特征,在TFe O/Mg O-Si O2图解上显示拉斑系列的特征,属典型的碱性橄榄玄武岩。较低的Nb/Th(=2.21~4.98,平均3.43)、Ti/Yb(=3 125~5 753,平均3975),较高的Nb/U(=6.63~25.82,平均16.24)和δ18O值(=8‰~9.6‰,平均值为8.9‰),指示碱性橄榄玄武岩有地壳物质的成分。(87Sr/86Sr)i-Si O2,εNd(t)-Si O2,(87Sr/86Sr)i-10 000/Sr和εNd(t)-100/Nd图解显示,地壳物质的加入主要是源区混合的结果。在(143Nd/144Nd)i-(206Pb/204Pb)i,(87Sr/86Sr)i-(206Pb/204Pb)i和(143Nd/144Nd)i-(87Sr/86Sr)i图解上,碱性橄榄玄武岩均显示是由亏损地幔(DMM)和岩石圈富集地幔(EMⅡ)端元混合而成,且亏损地幔成分所占比例高于浙东玄武岩,与浙西玄武岩相近。     

西藏尕尔穷铜金矿床岩体地球化学特征

对班公湖-怒江缝合带西段尕尔穷中型铜金矿岩体进行了野外地质调查、岩相学研究及全岩地球化学分析.石英闪长岩和花岗斑岩均富集Rb,Ba,Th,U等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb,Ta,Zr,Hf等高场强元素;Rb/Sr远大于1,具负铌和弱负铕异常,轻重稀土分馏不明显,花岗斑岩明显亏损Sr和Ti元素.研究认为,石英闪长岩为岛弧环境...     

甘肃北山中带早泥盆世的构造-岩浆作用:来自公婆泉花岗岩体年代学和地球化学证据

为加深对北山地区古生代构造演化的认识,选取甘肃省北山公婆泉花岗岩体进行年代学和地球化学研究。公婆泉花岗岩体位于北山中带,明水–小黄山蛇绿岩带与红柳河–牛圈子–洗肠井蛇绿岩带之间。根据花岗岩矿物组成及地球化学特征将其分为两种不同类型:1)淡色花岗岩含石榴石、原生白云母和电气石等特征矿物,轻、重稀土元素分异不明显,(La/Yb)N=1.38~1.93,有明显的Eu负异常(δEu=0.19~0.28),同时富集Cs,Rb,Th,U,K,P和Hf,亏损Ba,Nb,Nd和Ti;2)二长花岗岩具有过铝质S型花岗岩的特征,A/CNK值平均大于1.1,轻、重稀土元素分异不明显,(La/Yb)N=2.74~22.78,具轻微的Eu异常(δEu=0.83~1.07),同时富集Cs,Rb,Ba,Th,U和K,亏损Nb,Ta,P和Ti。公婆泉两类花岗岩的矿物学和地球化学特征表明其形成于后碰撞环境。公婆泉花岗岩体的锆石LA-ICP MS U-Pb年龄为402.2±3.0 Ma,代表其岩浆结晶年龄,εHf(t)值介于0.1~2.9之间,暗示幔源物质的加入。公婆泉后碰撞花岗岩体与北山造山带西段相关花岗岩类的地球化学和年代学特征证实,北山中带的俯冲过程于早泥盆世之前在西段结束,并且此时在区域上处于后碰撞环境。     

北淮阳富碱侵入岩带Pb同位素研究

北淮阳富碱侵入岩带中的中、基性岩Ｐｂ、Ｓｒ，Ｎｄ同位素分析结果及本区已发表的磁性和酸性岩的有关成果表明，它们是由最少地壳混染端元、年轻地壳端元和古老地壳端元混合而成．本研究指出了北淮阳Ｐｂ同位素省侵入岩Ｐｂ、Ｓｒ、Ｎｄ同位素特征的地球化学含义．     

华北克拉通恒山地区晚太古代变质火山岩的地球化学特征及构造意义

对恒山地区出露的变质火山岩开展岩相学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素研究,旨在确定其形成时代,探讨岩石成因及地球动力学意义。锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,这些变质火山岩喷发于新太古代晚期(2508±20Ma)。地球化学分析结果显示,恒山变质火山岩由变质玄武岩和变质玄武安山岩组成,SiO₂(45.51%～62.67%)、FeO_T (4.43%～15.72%)和MgO (3.75%～8.14%)含量变化幅度大,是幔源岩浆经单斜辉石、角闪石和磁铁矿分离结晶的产物。这些变质火山岩富集轻稀土(LREE)和大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损重稀土(HREE)和高场强元素(HFSE),具有相对高的Th含量和Th/Yb比值,呈现钙碱性岛弧火山岩的特征。结合不相容元素比值Nb/Yb,Zr/Yb和(Nb/La)_N的特点,推测其来源于俯冲带具流体交代特征的富集地幔源区。结合区域构造背景,推断恒山变质火山岩形成于新太古晚期大陆弧环境。     

Discovery of the Early Paleozoic post-collisional granites in northern margin of the Erguna massif and its geological significance

The Luoguhe intrusion, located in Mohe County, Heilongjiang Province, is mainly composed of monzogranite, quartz diorite and granodiorite, with minor diorite, tonalite, quartz monzodiorite, quartz monzonite, syenogranite and alkali-feldspar granite. The intrusion can be divided into two iithological units, i.e. quartz diorite and monzogranite units, with affinities to high-K caic-alkaline series. The quartz diorite unit （SiO2： 54.79%-58.30%, Na2O/CaO： 0.79-1.53 and Shand index： 0.77-0.82） belongs to metaluminous rocks. And the monzogranite unit （SiO2： 65.29%-66.45%, Na2O/CaO： 1.73-3.43 and Shand index 〈1.05） can be considered as weakly peraluminous rocks. The intrusion is characterized by high REE abundance （∑REE = 180.2-344.3μg/g）, medium-strong negative Eu anomalies （δEu = 0.33-0.82）, weak REE fractionation [（La/Yb）N = 4.12-10.45], enrichments in Rb, Th, U, K, La, Ce, Nd, Hf, Zr and Sm, but strong depletions of Ba, Nb, Ta, Sr, P and Ti. These characteristics of major, REE and trace elements indicate that the intrusion was formed in a transitional tectonic setting from compressionai to extensional regime, which can be classified as post-collisional granitoids. SHRIMP U-Pb zircon analyses yield ages of 517±9 and 504±8 Ma for the quartz diorite and monzogranite units, respectively. The discovery of Early Paleozoic post-collisionai granites in the northern margin of the Erguna massif indicates that the northern branch of Paleo-Asian Ocean between Siberian plate and Erguna massif was closed in the Early Paleozoic and the Salair orogeny ended ca. 500 Ma ago.     

SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating of the Gangou granitoids, Central Tianshan Mountains, Northwest China and tectonic significances

Two types of granitoids, highly deformed eugen grenitoids end undeformed fine-grained grenitoids, ere widely distributed in Gangou area, Central Tianshen Mountains, Northwest China. The augen grenitoids are high-K calc-alkaline characterized by high K20, Rb, Y and Th, and low Sr and Sr/Y. They also have high contents of large ion lithophile elements （LILE）, such as Be, Rb, K and Th, and relatively low contents of high field strength elements （HFSE）, such as Zr, Y and Nb. The fine-grained granitoids are calc-alkaline cherecterlzed by high Sr, low Y and HREE, similar to adakitic rocks, and with Na20/K20〈2 （1.76-1.91）, high/sr （0.70689--0.70981）, and negative εNd（t） （-2.4-5.3）. High-precision SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating results indicate that the Gangou augen greniUods were formed at 428 ± 10 Me, and the fine-grained granitoids were emplaced at 361 -368 Me. These geochemical and U-Pb zircon data have significant implications for the timing of closure of the Mishigou-Gangou Ocean and the evolution of the Central Tianshan orogenic belt.     

新疆萨吾尔地区二叠纪火山岩地球动力学背景

研究区位于新疆维吾尔自治区吉木乃县境内,地处萨吾尔山中段,属于哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块北缘。区内发育一套卡拉岗组和哈尔加乌组火山岩,时代为早二叠世。岩性主要为以玄武岩、玄武质安山岩、钾玄岩、粗安岩和粗面岩为代表的基性-中偏碱性岩石组合,化学成分上具有富碱、富钾、贫钛等特点,均显示"双峰式"火山岩特征;岩石的大离子亲石元素如Rb、Ba、Th、Pb等相对富集,Ta、Nb和Ti呈明显的"TNT"负异常,Sr、P、Ti、Be、Cu、Bi等相对亏损,而Rb、La、Nd等则相对富集,显示后碰撞火山岩的稀土元素和微量元素特点,结合火山岩中玄武岩构造环境判别图解,推断当时该区处于主碰撞之后的拉张伸展地球动力学背景。     

Trace element geochemistry of the Lower Cambrian black rock series from northwestern Hunan, South China

Samples of black rock series collected from the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation, northwestern Hunan Province, China, were analyzed for trace elements.The trace element geochemical characteristics of the ore layer (high enrichments of Ni, Mo, V, U, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Tl and Ba; high U/Th ratios and LREE-enriched patterns with positive Eu and Y anomalies) support the assumption that the Ni-Mo polymetallic layer is of submarine hydrothermal origin.High field strength elements (HFSE) and lithophile elements such as Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf, Li, Be, Rb, Cs, Th and Sc are remarkably higher in the upper unit than those in the lower unit of the Niutitang Formation.These features may reflect that hydrothermal contributions were diminished, and terrigenous constituents were increased in the sediments of the upper unit of the Niutitang Formation.     

Evidence from Sardinian basalt geochemistry for recycling of plume heads into the Earth's mantle

Up to 10 per cent of the ocean floor consists of plateaux--regions of unusually thick oceanic crust thought to be formed by the heads of mantle plumes. Given the ubiquitous presence of recycled oceanic crust in the mantle source of hotspot basalts, it follows that plateau material should also be an important mantle constituent. Here we show that the geochemistry of the Pleistocene basalts from Logudoro, Sardinia, is compatible with the remelting of ancient ocean plateau material that has been recycled into the mantle. The Sr, Nd and Hf isotope compositions of these basalts do not show the signature of pelagic sediments. The basalts' low CaO/Al2O3 and Ce/Pb ratios, their unradiogenic 206Pb and 208Pb, and their Sr, Ba, Eu and Pb excesses indicate that their mantle source contains ancient gabbros formed initially by plagioclase accumulation, typical of plateau material. Also, the high Th/U ratios of the mantle source resemble those of plume magmas. Geochemically, the Logudoro basalts resemble those from Pitcairn Island, which contain the controversial EM-1 component that has been interpreted as arising from a mantle source sprinkled with remains of pelagic sediments. We argue, instead, that the EM-1 source from these two localities is essentially free of sedimentary material, the geochemical characteristics of these lavas being better explained by the presence of recycled oceanic plateaux. The storage of plume heads in the deep mantle through time offers a convenient explanation for the persistence of chemical and mineralogical layering in the mantle.     

广东阳春锡山岩体的地质地球化学特征

本文从岩石学、岩石化学、稀土元素、微量元素和氢、氧、铅同位素地球化学等方面研究了锡山岩体,讨论了锡山钨锡矿床与花岗岩体的成因联系. 有充分的证据表明,锡山花岗岩体是一个燕山晚期第二阶段两次侵入构成的复式岩体.两次侵入的岩体都是在板内张裂性构造环境中陆壳重熔岩浆分异结晶成因的,并具有同源演化关系.钨锡矿化与第二次侵入的花岗岩体有直接的成因联系,成矿发生在岩浆期后的气化热液期.     

湖南加里东期花岗岩成因及铀成矿关系

华南出露大量加里东期花岗岩,其岩石成因、构造背景长期存在争议。湖南省加里东期花岗岩年代学和地球化学数据显示,其主要形成于416～432 Ma之间,岩性主要为花岗岩和花岗闪长岩。岩石类型除少数为I型花岗岩外,大部分为S型花岗岩。地球化学特征为富硅、过铝质和高钾钙碱性系列花岗岩,富集Rb、Th、U等元素,亏损Ba、Nb、Sr等元素;指示岩浆源区为古-中元古代地壳物质部分熔融的产物,部分花岗岩有幔源物质的加入。区域地质背景和岩石地球化学数据指示湖南加里东期岩体形成于碰撞挤压峰期之后挤压减弱、应力松弛的后碰撞构造环境。区域内加里东期花岗岩中铀含量相对较高,为后期铀成矿提供物质来源。