氧化铁负载多孔炭材料的制备及其电化学性能

以杨木蒸汽爆破后的固体残渣(SEP)为原料,采用两步协同活化法制备多孔炭材料,并对制备的多孔炭材料的电化学性能进行分析。结果表明:所制备的多孔炭(PC800-4)的比表面积最高(3 282 m~2/g),首次放电比电容也最高,为319 F/g。以此多孔炭材料为前驱体,硝酸铁为铁源对多孔炭材料进行金属离子的负载。采用比表面积及孔径分析仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、拉曼光谱技术(Raman)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对负载有金属氧化物的多孔炭材料进行结构表征并对其电化学性能进行分析。结果表明:α-Fe_2O_3成功负载在所制备的多孔炭材料上,其比电容由原来的319 F/g增加到419 F/g.     

石墨烯三维多孔凝胶在超级电容器中的应用研究

通过液相法制备了石墨烯和纳米碳酸钙复合材料,经过高温煅烧及酸洗得到石墨烯三维凝胶结构。通过扫描电镜图片发现所得到的石墨烯凝胶具有均匀、丰富的孔道结构,比表面积测试表明其比表面积高达513 m~2/g,经过恒流充放电测试发现这种三维多孔石墨烯凝胶具有较好的电容性能。     

两步热聚合法制备多孔氮化碳及其吸附性能

以三聚氰胺和氯化锂为原料,通过两步热聚合法制备了多孔氮化碳。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等对所制备多孔氮化碳的性能进行了表征,通过氮吸附法对样品的比表面积及孔结构进行了测试分析。结果表明:所制备的多孔氮化碳为石墨相,其比表面积达到了86.7 m2/g,远高于简单热聚合法制备的块状石墨相氮化碳(g-C_3N_4)。对亚甲基蓝的吸附动力学研究表明,g-C_3N_4对水中亚甲基蓝的吸附满足准二级动力学模型,多孔g-C_3N_4的吸附速率和吸附量远高于块状g-C_3N_4。     

氮掺杂多孔薄层石墨烯的制备、表征及电容性能研究

以氧化石墨烯(GO)为原料、硫酸铵((NH_4)_2SO_4)为动态气体模板剂,采用浸渍结合焙烧工艺制备了氮掺杂多孔薄层石墨烯(p-Gr).利用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、氮气吸附-脱附(N_2adsorption-desorption)等手段对所得材料进行了表征,并考察了不同硫酸铵用量对所制材料电容性能的影响.结果表明,与未活化的石墨烯(Gr)相比(S_(BET)=70.5m~2/g),所制p-Gr-40具有更大的比表面积(S_(BET)=267.3m~2/g)、更为丰富的孔结构以及优异的电化学性能.在三电极超级电容器中,在电流密度为1A/g时,p-Gr-40比电容可达139.2F/g,远远高于Gr(56.5F/g);在对称两电极超级电容器中,在功率密度为160.03W/kg时,p-Gr-40的能量密度为12.98Wh/kg,其比电容在充放电循环10 000圈后仍保持基本不变.这些优异的电化学性能源于其多孔结构及杂原子(如氮)掺杂.     

氧化石墨烯和石墨烯对离子型染料不同吸附性能研究

采用改进的Hummers法制备了氧化石墨烯,将其采用水合肼还原获得石墨烯,以氧化石墨烯和石墨烯为吸附剂,分别采用透射电镜(TEM),傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR),拉曼光谱(RS)和X射线衍射光谱(XPS)对阴阳离子的不同吸附性能进行了分析表征.结果表明:两吸附剂对罗丹明B的吸附能力较甲基橙强,最大吸附容量分别为551.2 mg/g和476.2 mg/g,各吸附体系中的吸附行为都符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和二级动力学反应特征.     

一种蜂窝状三维石墨烯的制备及表征

以天然鳞片石墨为原料,采用水热法和模板法,制备了蜂窝状的三维石墨烯,并对其形貌和结构进行了表征.利用Hummers法制备氧化石墨烯,将氧化石墨烯与聚苯乙烯微球制备液超声混合,进行水热反应得到氧化石墨烯包裹的聚苯乙烯微球模板.在弱碱性条件下,利用水合肼将聚苯乙烯微球表面的氧化石墨烯还原为石墨烯.之后,在强碱性条件下,利用甲苯去除聚苯乙烯微球模板,得到三维石墨烯结构.最后,经高温活化处理,得到蜂窝状的三维石墨烯.利用扫描电镜(SEM)和X线衍射(XRD)对制备的蜂窝状三维石墨烯进行了结构和形貌的表征.结果表明,本实验采用一锅法制备三维石墨烯,操作简单、成本低廉,制备的多孔三维石墨烯具有高比表面积、高导电率、强亲水性等优点,可广泛应用于导电复合材料、电池、化学和生物传感等领域.     

热处理对多孔SiO2块材结构和性能的影响

以正硅酸乙酯、聚乙二醇和乙醇等为主要原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了固定化酶用的块状多孔SiO2,着重研究了不同热处理温度下材料的红外光谱、孔径分布和水热稳定性.结果表明:600℃热处理后可有效去除残余有机物,形成无定形硅氧网络结构,并得到细孔比表面积为392m2/g、孔容积为0.93 cm3/g、平均孔径为17 nm的圆柱状多孔SiO2;但经800℃以上热处理后多孔材料的体积密度显著增加、开口气孔率和比表面积急剧减小.600℃热处理的多孔材料在80℃热水中浸泡72 h后,氧化硅溶出率小于2%,细孔比表面积减少小于7%,显示出较好的水热稳定性.     

1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠功能化石墨烯复合水凝胶的制备及其电化学性能

以1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠(NQS)、氧化石墨烯(GO)、多孔氧化石墨烯(HGO)为原料,基于水热反应制备功能化石墨烯水凝胶(F-GH)和功能化多孔石墨烯水凝胶(F-HGH),通过调控NQS的添加量得到不同N QS负载量的F-G H.利用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪等对材料的形貌与结构进行表征;通过循环...     

氧化石墨-氧化铜复合材料的制备及其光催化性能研究

采用Hummers方法制备出氧化石墨(GO),并以GO与二水合氯化铜为初始反应物,利用水热法制备GO-CuO复合材料,并对其进行结构和形貌表征,研究了复合材料对罗丹明B的催化降解作用.结果表明与氧化石墨烯复合后,氧化铜颗粒的分散性和比表面积均得到提高,而且复合材料具有较好的吸附效果.     

水热法制备氟化石墨烯

以石墨为原料,由Hummers法的改进方法制备氧化石墨烯,再采用水热法对氧化石墨烯进行氟化,获得氟化石墨烯。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、原子力显微镜(AFM)对其结构和微观形貌进行表征。FTIR和Raman结果表明氟化产物的化学结构中存在C-F键,且D峰(1350 cm-1处)和G峰(1580 cm-1处)所对应的强度比ID/IG在氟化后明显变大,即氟化造成碳结构缺陷,规整性下降。AFM显示氟化石墨烯具有纳米层状结构,厚度约为4 nm。该法成本较低,工艺简单,易于控制,对设备要求不高,有望实现氟化石墨烯的大规模制备。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.