蚁群分区算法在QoS单播路由中的应用研究

随着网络技术的高速发展,新型的多媒体业务应运而生,对网络服务质量(QoS)的要求也更高,如何解决多个约束QoS路由问题,成为新关注的热点,在解决这一问题时,路由算法的选择又是其中的一个核心问题,并且带宽、延时、访问花费是决定选择路径的关键因素.论文针对这一状况构建了带有QoS参数的网络模型,并用基于蚁群算法的邻域分区优化算法对QoS单播路由选择进行仿真实验,该方法改善了蚁群算法在求解大规模网络路由选择的算法复杂度和搜索最优路径的时间.     

基于蚁群算法的Qo S路由模型的设计与优化

为了提升网络数据传输中路由性能,采用蚁群算法解决网络路由出现的问题。首先介绍了蚁群算法的原理与模型,然后根据实际应用的QoS路由具体问题,建立QoS路由模型,设计基于ACO的Qo S路由算法。通过仿真实验,对参数进行优化分析,验证了蚁群算法在网络路由中的应用效果,证明这种方法能够提高网络数据传输中路由的性能。     

基于BOA的受限延时QoS路由算法

无线ad hoc网络中受限延时的QoS路由问题是NP-complete问题,针对其特点,将贝叶斯优化算法引入其中,用贝叶斯网络对QoS参数进行模拟、采样和优化.实验结果表明,贝叶斯优化算法对于受限延时的QoS路由问题有着很好的解决能力,同时与其他算法比较,能够搜索到较低代价的路由,满足QoS路由要求.     

一种分布式多路径多约束QoS路由算法

提出了一种以路径剩余带宽为度量标准的分布式多路径多约束QoS路由算法DMPM-CA,该算法能够在源结点和目的结点之间找到多条满足要求的路由路径,并从中选择出有利于网络负载均衡的路由路径。该算法的时间复杂度为O((d 1)L)。     

基于移动Agent的双层卫星网QoS路由算法

结合移动Agent技术提出了一种新的基于双层卫星网络的分布式分层QoS路由算法.该算法利用移动A-gent自主地收集卫星网QoS信息,并动态地更新和维护路由表,同时采用分布式的概率路由选择策略解决了卫星网路由动态变化的问题,具有低复杂度和可扩展的特点.在NS2仿真软件下模拟了该QoS路由算法的性能.结果表明,该算法能较好地避免链路拥塞,同时具有较低的呼叫阻塞率.     

基于多媒体业务的Ad Hoc网络QoS路由算法

当前Ad Hoc网络QoS路由算法难以满足传输中对多个目标的同时要求.以多媒体 实时业务中有严格限制的时延作为约束条件，把路由费用和数据丢失率作为QoS目标建立了QoS路由选择的多目标整数优化模型，并给出了模型的算法.实例表明了算法的可行性.     

QoS度量帕雷托并行路由快速预计算方法

针对多重链QoS路由问题,在给出Q0s度量的串行寻优算法的基础上,给出一种QoS度量帕雷托并行路由快速预计算方法,此方法为q个Qos度量分配q个处理器,并行计算出满足路由请求约束可行路径的帕雷托子集,在帕雷托子集中综合选择合适的转发路由.实验结果显示该方法能够较好地进行路径寻优,并且算法的复杂度较低,可用于解决有限节点网络的复杂QOS路由问题.     

Ad Hoc网络中基于模拟退火-蚁群算法的QoS路由发现方法

针对Ad Hoc网络的动态网络环境和链路、节点性能限制等不利因素，提出了一种新的QoS路由发现方法——SAANT．该方法利用蚁群算法增加了发现可用QoS路由的概率，利用基于概率的路由转发策略来减少洪泛造成的网络开销，从而强化所提算法的全局搜索能力和自适应性，减小了洪泛对Ad Hoc网络性能的影响．所提方法还利用模拟退火算法调整路由发现算法的搜索方向，以弥补蚂蚁算法收敛速度上的弱点，减少了搜索过程中的停滞现象．在包投递成功率、平均包延迟和吞吐量等方面，通过仿真实验对SAANT、仅基于蚁群算法的QoS路由算法和传统的按需路由算法的方法进行了性能比较，结果表明，在Ad Hoc网络环境下，SAANT的收敛速度、移动性能和网络负载性能均表现出更好的适应性．     

基于SDN的QoS测量与路由规划系统设计与实现

采用OpenFlow技术,设计并实现了一套基于软件定义网络的QoS测量与路由规划系统.利用控制器与OpenFlow交换机之间的消息交互,实现SDN中链路时延、负载和丢包率的测量功能.针对QoS路由中存在的"多指标约束限制"问题,根据本文考虑的QoS指标(链路时延、负载和丢包率),改进并实现了一种自适应多指标限制路由算法.实验结果表明:该系统在准确测量链路QoS指标的同时,可以根据测量结果切换符合条件的路由路径,满足系统设计需求.     

基于位置信息的MANET按需QoS路由算法

针对移动自组织网络QoS路由开销大的问题,研究了一个基于位置信息的路由消息转发方法,该方法可降低路由开销并提高路由成功率.在此基础上提出了一种路径优化的基于位置信息的QoS路由算法ODLAQR.不同于利用位置信息的路由算法,ODLAQR算法将路由消息转发域进一步分为Green区和Yellow区两个不同的区域,处在不同区域的节点采用不同的路由消息转发策略,最终根据费用选择最优路径传输数据分组.ns2仿真结果表明,和一些QoS路由算法相比,ODLAQR算法能够以较小的路由开销取得较高的路由成功率.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-