变电站关键设备工频电场计算的预条件处理GMRES(m)边界元法

在计算大尺度变电站关键设备工频电场时,传统方法效率低、性能差,计算困难。针对常规方法在大尺度工频电场计算中的瓶颈问题,提出了一种提高变电站关键设备三维电场分布计算效率的预条件GMRES(m)边界元法。阐述了预条件GMRES(m)迭代边界元法的基本原理及实现方法,并针对500kV变电站中部分关键设备周围电场分布进行了计算与比较分析。结果表明,预条件GMRES(m)边界元法经过预条件处理电位系数矩阵后,收敛速度快、残值收敛速度快、迭代次数少;在不降低计算精度的前提下,计算时间明显优越于直接迭代法;在满足工程误差和提高计算效率的同时,预条件GMRES(m)边界元法更适合于计算大尺度变电站关键设备的工频电场。     

变电站关键设备工频电场计算的预条件处理GMRES(m)边界元法

在计算大尺度变电站关键设备工频电场时,传统方法效率低、性能差,计算困难。针对常规方法在大尺度工频电场计算中的瓶颈问题,提出了一种提高变电站关键设备三维电场分布计算效率的预条件GMRES(m)边界元法。阐述了预条件GMRES(m)迭代边界元法的基本原理及实现方法,并针对500 kV变电站中部分关键设备周围电场分布进行了计算与比较分析。结果表明,预条件GMRES(m)边界元法经过预条件处理电位系数矩阵后,收敛速度快、残值收敛速度快、迭代次数少;在不降低计算精度的前提下,计算时间明显优越于直接迭代法;在满足工程     

电场计算的快速多极子预条件高阶边界元法

针对多介质工频电场计算中低阶边界元法及预条件(GMRES)法的计算精度低及计算成本高的不足,在低阶边界元法基础上引入高阶边界元和快速多极子法,提出了一种用于求解三维电场分布的快速多极子预条件GMRES高阶边界元法。建立了三维电场计算高阶边界元模型,阐述了快速多极子预条件GMRES高阶边界元法基本原理和具体实现方法;通过双介质实验模型进行了方法验证,并基于500kV变电站部分关键设备的三维电场计算,表明该方法在电场计算精度及在内存消耗和计算时间上均比预条件GMRES法有明显的优势。最后将计算结果与实际测量值进行了比较,该方法的计算结果与测量值最大相对误差为8.65%,该方法更适合于分析变电站这种大尺度多介质环境下的工频电场分布。     

Signorini问题的无网格投影迭代法

Signorini问题是一类重要的数学物理问题,该问题的Signorini互补条件位于边界上,特别适合用边界型方法求解.利用投影算子,首先将Signorini边界条件转化为不动点方程,得到Signorini问题的迭代格式,然后用无网格边界点方法求解.此种算法的优点在于只须在原有的无网格边界点程序中做少量的改进,且迭代效率高,计算误差小.数值结果表明,该算法较边界元方法更有效.     

弹性动力学瞬态问题的频域边界元快速解法

为解决常规基于离散傅里叶变换的频域边界元法难以解决无阻尼和低阻尼系统瞬态分析的问题,将指数窗口法与频域边界元法相结合,并采用预校正快速傅里叶变换(pFFT)方法加速边界元求解。为进一步提高分析效率,针对频域边界元法所形成的系列线性方程组,提出了一种最小二乘外推法以获得较高精度的迭代初值,可使初始解残差小于10-2,从而显著减少了迭代次数;将新型的子空间回收算法用于频域系列线性方程组的求解,加快了方程组的迭代收敛速度。算例表明,所提出的方法可显著减少频域边界元法的迭代次数,从而提高了计算效率,并有效降低了迭代解法的内存消耗。     

大体积混凝土温度场高速求解方法的改进

在超松弛预条件共轭梯度法(SSOR-PCG)的基础上,提出了变初值的迭代方法.该方法用前一时间步的温度值作为下一时间步的初值,与原来方法相比,求解速度可提高1/3左右.采用该迭代解法编制了温度场有限元程序,并对某碾压混凝土重力坝的瞬态温度场进行了仿真计算.计算结果表明,该方法具有很快的求解速度,20万自由度的温度场计算,求解1次(1个时间步)只需31-s.     

Stokes方程的边界元区域分裂算法及其应用

用边界元求解不规则凹凸区域时,积分误差很大,区域分裂法是将不规则凹凸区域上的求解问题化的多个不重叠凸区域上的求解问题,在公共的边界上用Dirichlet条件,Neumann条件交替迭代得到全区域上的解。该方法计算精度高、适用于并行计算。作者给出了Stokes方程边界元求解不规则凹凸区域的区域分裂算法,并给出了将该算法用在贵阳市阿哈水库的流场计算的算例。     

用边界单元法解摩擦型弹性接触问题

用边界单元法求解有摩擦弹性接触问题时,通过分析接触的基本形式,得出各种接触状态下的接触条件,将弹性体的边界积分方程离散,并与接触条件耦合得到接触问题的边界元离散线性代数方程组;采用迭代计算方法求出求解问题全部边界上的位移和接触压力的分布。     

平面弹塑性问题边界元法与有限元法耦合的对称—迭代求解

在一些弹塑性问题中,塑性区域比较小,大部分区域是弹性变形区域,若采用边界元与有限元耦合的方法,则能充分发挥两种数值计算的优点.在以往的边界元法与有限元法耦合的论文中,边界元子域的刚度矩阵都取为对称阵,尽管易于耦合,但会产生明显的误差.若细分边界元网格,又会大大增加计算时间.本文讨论用作者提出的对称-迭代求解方法处理弹塑性问题中边界元法与有限元法的耦合.     

离心泵水动力噪声预测

利用计算流体动力学(CFD)方法对离心泵内的三维流动进行数值模拟,基于CFD结果分析流场的非定常特性,并从非定常计算中提取偶极子声源信息,再应用边界元计算方法,对比分析是否考虑结构振动两种情况下边界上的响应情况,结果表明:考虑振动时的声场分布更加合理,进而在声振耦合计算的基础上,求解泵内偶极子噪声的辐射水平.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to