工艺温度对超临界CO_2发泡聚丙烯泡孔结构的影响

以自制的高熔体强度聚丙烯为原料,利用超临界流体技术制备了聚丙烯发泡材料。重点考察了发泡温度对所得聚丙烯泡孔结构的影响。结果表明:155~170℃为适宜发泡的温度区间,随着温度的降低,泡孔密度增加,平均泡孔直径减小;当发泡温度为160℃时,泡孔密度、平均泡孔直径和表观密度依次分别为1.03×107cell/cm3、73.86μm和0.016 g/cm3,此时发泡倍率最大,达到55倍;温度通过影响聚丙烯的结晶速率、熔体的黏弹性以及发泡剂在聚丙烯熔体中的溶解度和扩散系数等来控制泡孔结构和发泡倍率。     

阻燃剂对聚苯乙烯挤出发泡性能的影响

利用超临界二氧化碳挤出发泡法制备了聚苯乙烯（PS）挤塑板，研究了新型复合阻燃剂（FR）的添加量对PS/FR体系流变特性的影响，表征测试了发泡材料的微观泡孔结构，并与国产阻燃剂（DFR）进行了比较，同时比较了不同FR添加量下发泡制品的阻燃性能。研究结果表明，FR的添加会降低树脂的黏度；在FR质量分数为3.5%时，发泡制品的表观密度和平均泡孔直径最小，泡孔密度最大，开孔率较低，同时制品的阻燃性能较好。     

气体反压化学发泡注塑产品泡孔结构形成与演变过程的实验研究

以标准拉伸样条为研究对象，系统探讨了气体反压工艺中反压压力和作用时间对化学发泡注塑成型过程中熔体发泡行为的影响。根据实验获得的结果，提出了前沿泡孔不破裂的临界反压压力、熔体不发泡的临界反压压力和二次发泡卸压时间，并揭示了气体反压技术对化学发泡注塑过程中熔体发泡行为的影响机理。     

泡沫铝发泡过程中气泡的稳定性

对采用粉末冶金法制备泡沫铝材料过程中气泡稳定性对发泡效果的影响进行了研究,对影响气泡稳定的因素进行了分析.确定熔体的黏度与氢化钛分解是决定气泡稳定的主要因素.采用在铝硅合金粉末中加钙来增加熔体黏度,控制熔体的表面张力;通过控制氢化钛加入量来控制氢化钛分解释放出氢气的量;控制发泡时间,使发泡在气泡的稳定时段内进行;保持气泡内气体压力与气泡表面张力的平衡,可获得孔结构均匀、密度适合的泡沫铝材料.     

金属熔体中高强超声空化气泡运动的数值研究

导出了可压缩液体中空化气泡泡壁运动方程,用该方程对高强超声场作用下铝熔体中空化气泡的运动规律进行了数值求解。结果表明,导出了泡壁运动方程保留了Ｕ／Ｃ的高次项,精度高于传统的不可压缩液体泡壁运动方程;高强超声场作用下铝熔体中空化气泡溃灭时可产生极高压冲击波;超声声压幅的大小对空化的强度和密度影响很大。     

PS/Talc复合材料的制备及其超临界CO_2挤出发泡

利用混合效果优异的平行三螺杆挤出机制备了聚苯乙烯/活性滑石粉(PS/Talc)复合材料,分析了Talc在PS基体中的分散性,研究了复合材料的力学性能和热稳定性,并通过挤出发泡正交试验,探讨影响泡孔结构的主次因素.研究结果表明,三螺杆挤出混炼能很好地改善Talc在基体中的分散效果,当Talc含量在6%以下时,能够均匀分散在PS基体中;拉伸强度、冲击强度以及断裂伸长率随着Talc含量增加呈现先增加后减小的趋势,当Talc含量为6%时,拉伸强度、冲击强度以及断裂伸长率出现极大值;随着Talc含量增加,弯曲强度下降,弯曲模量增加;Talc能够增加复合材料的热稳定性,当Talc的填充量为10%时,复合材料的热稳定最好;挤出发泡正交实验结果表明,影响PS/Talc复合材料发泡行为的主次因素为:Talc含量、口模压力、口模温度;当Talc填充量为8%时,得到的泡孔尺寸最小,泡孔密度最大,它们分别为12.4μm和2.4×108个/cm3.     

轧制态下Cu含量对泡沫铝泡孔结构的影响

采用液相复合-轧制技术制备不同w_○Cu的可发泡预制坯及闭孔泡沫铝材，研究了w_○Cu对泡沫铝泡孔结构的影响.结果表明:随着w_○Cu的增加，泡孔结构的均匀性增加，孔径减小，泡孔合并产生的大泡孔数量减少，但泡沫体的塌缩和老化特征增强.对比不同w_○Cu的预制坯的膨胀曲线，随着w_○Cu的增加，预制坯的最大膨胀率先增大后减小，且达到最大膨胀率的发泡时间明显减少.微观结构分析表明:在AlSi₉合金中加入Cu，生成了CuAl₂O₄和CuAl₂，CuAl₂O₄提高熔体的黏度，减小了重力排液及毛细作用的影响，提高了泡沫的稳定性.CuAl₂先于AlSi₉熔化，在晶界上形成熔池，气泡提前形核长大，使发泡过程提前完成.     

粉末冶金泡沫铝泡孔演化的研究

着重研究了粉末冶金法泡沫铝在不同发泡时间下的泡孔形貌和泡孔内表面褶皱的变化.结果表明:随着发泡时间的延长,气泡由近球形泡孔向多边形泡孔演化,布拉德边界逐渐变小和泡壁更薄,并出现了泡壁局部断裂以至于泡孔破裂并合并;早期的类裂纹孔是粉末冶金发泡过程中的固有特征,这是由粉末冶金前驱体内部存在的垂直于压制方向的内应力释放所造成的;泡孔内的褶皱反映了泡孔结构的演化过程,发泡前期泡孔内表面比较光滑,存在少量的褶皱,发泡中期内表面的褶皱以凸起为特征,后期由于重力作用的加剧和泡孔表面能的进一步升高,形成了带状褶皱的形貌.     

变压力场中气泡非线性振荡的数值模拟

本文采用计及液体可压缩性的Ｇｉｌｍｏｒｅ方程作为气泡壁面运动的数学模型，并用吉尔方法建立求解非线性常微方程组初值问题的计算程序。通过实例计算，结果表明：气泡在较大幅度的变化压力场中，会发生十分显著的非线性振荡现象；泡壁振荡幅度与压力场变化幅度、颇率及指数脉冲宽度有关。     

微孔发泡注塑成型制品表面粗糙度与表面气泡破裂形变行为的关系

基于泰勒泡孔形变理论,结合微孔发泡注塑成型工艺,分析了微孔发泡注塑成型过程中气泡的形变及临界破裂条件,并以聚丙烯和氮气为研究对象,设计微孔发泡注塑成型正交实验,对临界破裂泡孔尺寸与表面粗糙度之间的关系进行了分析.结果表明,临界破裂泡孔尺寸与表面粗糙度在同一数量级并呈正相关关系,因此可以通过调节工艺控制临界破裂条件的泡孔尺寸,达到降低表面粗糙度的目的.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.