限制性酶切DNA片段的计算机辅助测量

文中对几种测量限制性内切酶解DNA片段大小方法的测量精度进行了比较。在所讨论的方法中有手工半对数作图法、线性回归、组合线性回归、拉格朗日插值法、Southern法及改进的分段函数法和其计算机计算程序。用以上方法检验了λDNA/HindⅢ+EcoRⅠ酶切片段的测量精度,并测量了pSaA基因限制性内切片段大小。结果表明改进的分段函数法给出最小标准方差(Sd)及最优测量一致性。     

抛物方程中处理不规则地形的混合算法

首先应用抛物方程并结合分段线性平移变换法预测了不同倾斜角的三角形地形条件下的电波传播特性,其计算结果表明平移变换法在倾斜度较大时产生较大误差。对此提出了分段线性平移变换法与地形屏蔽法相结合的方法,基于此混合方法预测了复杂地形下的电波传播特性;并利用射线跟踪法验证了此方法的可行性。该地形混合方法综合了分段线性平移变换法和地形屏蔽法的优势,在保证计算精度的同时拓宽了复杂地形建模的适用范围。     

一种改进的单纯变维数算法

给出了一种新的向量标号法。在此基础上改进了ＶａｎｄｅｒＬａａｎ－Ｔａｌｍａｎ算法。对于连续函数，算法可以从研究的区域中任意点起始，从而产生一条线到解的分段线性路径，最后证明了算法的收敛性。     

系泊浮桥运动的非线性动力特性

研究系泊分段线性恢复刚度对浮桥运动的影响，根据系泊浮桥的分段线性刚度，提出了浮桥动力响应的非线性分析模型．考虑浮桥的横荡运动，计算上下游锚链的系泊力及确定分段线性刚度，建立了浮桥横荡运动方程．以长1000m的浮桥为例，得到了浮桥横荡周期为4．33s，及不同波浪作用下浮桥横荡运动响应的幅频特性．计算表明，由于系泊刚度的分段线性，浮桥运动出现幅值跳跃，并且刚度比越大，幅值跳跃越大．     

若干数据线性拟合方法分析

对等分三组平均法、分段最佳斜率平均法和线性最小二乘法这三种线性拟合方法所具有的共性和个性进行了探讨。通过一计算实例，分析了这三种方法所具有的拟合精度。研究表明，线性最小二乘法的精度高于其它两种方法，因此。在工程数据线性拟合时，宜选用线性最小二乘法。     

若干数据线性拟合方法分析

对等分三组平均法，分段最佳斜率平均法和线性最小二乘法这三种线性拟合方法所具有的共性和个性进行探讨，通过一计算实例，分析了这三种方法所具有的拟合精度。研究表明，线性最小二乘法的精度高于其它两种方法。因此，在工程数据线性拟合时，宜先用线性最小二乘法。     

修正正交分段线性函数及其在线性与时变线性系统中应用

把分段线性函数和斜波脉冲函数进行统一处理，定义成新的函数，使得新的函数既保持了原先两种函数的基本特性，又获得微分和积分递推算法。应用中具有方便，快速计算的优点。     

基于改进线性滤波法的某超高层建筑风振反应分析

采用离散傅立叶变换和快速傅立叶变换技术对传统线性滤波法的自相关Toeplitz矩阵进行了改进,提出了改进的线性滤波法.考虑结构空间相关特性,基于改进的线性滤波法模拟研究了高层结构的顺风向和横风向脉动风荷载,并对高层结构的风致振动响应进行了分析研究.结果表明,改进的线性滤波法不仅能保证计算结果的精度和计算效率,而且采用该改进方法得到的脉动风荷载时程能有效计算高层结构的风致振动响应,有利于工程设计人员精确掌握结构风致振动特性.     

微波晶体检波二极管分段定标方法的研究

提出了微波晶体检波二极管的分段定标方法．该方法利用线性回归法将测量系统中驻波幅度自波节至波腹进行分段定标，得到每段的检波律．在微波参数测量中，CAT(Computer Mded Test)系统根据实际测试幅度查找相对应的检波律，然后进行相应的参数计算，从而有效地减小了在微波测量中由于晶体检波器而引起的误差，提高了测量精度．     

微波晶体检波二极管分段定标方法的研究

提出了微波晶体检波二极管的分段定标方法．该方法利用线性回归法将测量系统中驻波幅度自波节至波腹进行分段定标，得到每段的检波律．在微波参数测量中，CAT(Computer Aided Test)系统根据实际测试幅度查找相对应的检波律，然后进行相应的参数计算，从而有效地减小了在微波测量中由于晶体检波器而引起的误差，提高了测量精度．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.