神府矿区煤矸石周边土壤重金属污染评价

为研究矿区煤矸石堆放对生态环境产生的影响,选取神府矿区煤矸石周边土壤为研究对象,探讨矿区煤矸石释放的重金属Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd、Ni、As、Cu对周边土壤污染危害状况.并用潜在生态风险指数法评价研究矿区土壤重金属污染风险等级.结果表明:神府矿区煤矸石周边土壤内重金属Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd含量均严重超过中国土壤元素背景值,其中各矿区煤矸石周边的重金属Pb、Cd的单项潜在生态风险等级均达到2级,属于中等污染;神府矿区周边土壤重金属的综合潜在生态风险指数为193.83,污染等级为3级风险,属显著污染.此外,煤矸石周边土壤淋溶实验显示重金属Pb、Zn在土壤中的溶出率高达50%多,表明重金属Pb、Zn在土壤中易发生转移.     

雪鸡坪-春都铜矿区土壤重金属污染评价

以香格里拉县雪鸡坪-春都铜矿区土壤为研究对象,分析长期采矿活动对表层土壤重金属含量的影响.通过对矿区土壤的重金属(Cd,Hg,As,Cu,Cr,Zn,Pb)含量进行测定,以国家土壤环境质量3级标准和云南省土壤背景值为评价标准,采用内梅罗综合指数法分析矿区土壤的重金属污染现状,运用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法进行潜在生态风险评估.结果表明:矿区长期开采活动导致Hg,As,Pb,Zn,Cu这5种重金属含量高于云南省土壤背景值,Hg,As,Pb,Zn,Cu,Cd这6种重金属含量高于全国土壤背景值;Cu的单因子污染指数值最高,污染水平超标,为该矿区土壤的主要污染元素;综合土壤环境指数为1.14,土壤受到轻度污染;矿区Hg元素具有强的生态危害,Cu元素具有中等生态危害,其余元素为轻微生态危害,综合生态危害指数为226.22,整体上该矿区的生态风险属于中等水平.     

豫中平原煤矿区土壤重金属污染及其潜在生态风险评价

为了保证土壤和粮食安全,对王行庄煤矿区范围内土壤和降尘中的Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni、Pb和Cd的含量进行监测,采用潜在生态风险评价和相关性分析方法,研究了土壤中重金属的污染水平、生态危害和溯源.结果表明,王行庄矿区土壤中Cr元素超标率为53.8%,其他重金属含量均达到二级土壤标准,但是Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni和Cd在土壤中均已有累积现象;矿区土壤重金属的潜在生态危害评价显示,各点重金属的生态危害都很轻微,污染程度顺序为Cd>Ni>Cu>Cr>Pb>Zn;由重金属相关性溯源可知,Pb主要来自于自然界,Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni和Cd来源较广泛,存在一定的复合污染现象,其中,大气降尘对土壤中Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni和Cd的含量有一定的贡献.     

沼液-土壤-蔬菜系统中重金属变化特征

以沼液-土壤-蔬菜系统中重金属为对象,研究系统中重金属含量、相关性及其富集能力,确定重金属的变化规律。结果表明:土壤和蔬菜中重金属Ni、Zn、Cd和Pb含量超过国内标准限值,土壤中有机质含量与Cu、As、Mn、Co、Ni、Pb和Zn含量成正相关,土壤pH与Cu、As、Cr和Cd含量成正相关,蔬菜中Co-Cu、Ni-Co、Ni-Cu和Zn-As间显示了显著相关性,表明蔬菜对重金属吸收表现出了协同作用,重金属富集系数从大到小排序为Cd、Zn、Cr、Pb、Mn、Cu、Ni、Co和As。蔬菜的富集系数从大到小排序为苋菜、空心菜、马兰头、大蒜、葱和田菜,叶菜的富集系数较大,表明叶菜利于土壤中重金属迁移,研究结果可以为沼液灌溉农田的重金属防控提供科学依据。     

川南地区某硫铁矿废渣堆周边农田土壤重金属污染水平及源解析

为探究硫铁矿区废渣堆对周边农田造成的影响,系统采集了川南某硫铁矿废渣堆及周边农用地土壤样品共61件,测定其重金属（Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、As、Hg）的含量,分析8种重金属污染水平及空间分布特征,利用相关性和主成分分析对重金属进行源解析,并借助综合生态风险指数、地累积指数等方法评估土壤污染风险水平．结果显示,研究区土壤中Cr、Cu和Cd含量超过国家相应标准,且Cr、Cd、Pb和As的含量明显高于土壤背景值,分别为背景值的1.56、1.40、1.45、2.89倍;Ni、Cu和Zn含量的空间分布相对均匀,而其它5种重金属的空间分布相对集中;矿区周边农田土壤整体处于中等生态风险水平（150相似文献   

钼矿区周边果园土壤重金属污染评价及对水果品质的影响

针对葫芦岛矿区多家个体钼矿开采给土壤带来的重金属污染进行了详细研究.选取矿区果园土壤样本60个,果园红富士苹果、白梨、锦丰梨样本各20个,经消解处理后用等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-AES)分别测定土壤和水果样本中Pb、Ni、Cu、Cr、Zn、Cd、As、Mo、Hg金属元素含量,并对重金属污染状况进行全面系统评价.评价结果表明,该果园土壤Cd、As和Hg的污染严重.土壤中Pb、Ni、Cu、Cr和Zn污染也比较重.污染程度为:Cd＞As＞Hg＞Pb＞Zn＞Cr＞Cu＞Ni.并给果树造成影响,所产水果也遭到轻微污染,污染程度大小基本与土壤污染程度相吻合,给水果质量带来严重影响.     

三明市城市生活污水处理厂污泥中的重金属含量及其形态分布研究

以福建省三明市生活污水处理厂的污泥为研究对象,研究了污泥中重金属的种类及含量,以及重金属的形态分布情况.重金属全量微波消解结果表明,三明市生活污水处理厂的污泥含有Zn、Cu、Pb、Cr、Ni、Co、Cd等7种重金属,含量由高到低的顺序为Zn＞Cu＞Pb＞Cr＞Ni＞Co＞Cd,其含量分别为2513.91 mg/kg、438.62 mg/kg、152.3 mg/kg、81.28 mg/kg、35.08 mg/kg、14.43 mg/kg、1.58mg/kg,其中Zn超过污泥农用(酸性土壤)时的标准限制(2000mg/kg).BCR形态分析结果表明,污泥中重金属Zn、Cr和Ni主要以残渣态为主,Cu、Pb、Co和Cd主要以还原态为主.Zn和Cd的不稳定态含量较高,具有潜在的污染影响,在污泥利用时应给予关注.     

淮南矿区土壤中6种典型微量元素的空间分布特征及其生态风险评价

煤矸石在地表长时间大量堆积会释放微量元素,并迁移到周围土壤中引起污染.以淮南矿区土壤为研究对象,采集不同开采年限矿区(新庄孜矿、潘一矿和顾桥矿)土壤和矸石样品,采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)测定土壤和矸石中6种元素Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb和Zn的含量,探讨微量元素的空间分布特征、污染程度和生态风险.结果表明:6种元素的含量水平横向分布趋势特征不明显,但不同开采年限矿区土壤中6种元素的含量呈现出老矿中年矿新矿的特点;6种元素只有Cd元素含量超过土壤背景值;单项污染指数评价表明,只有Cd元素在新庄孜矿呈现轻微污染,在潘一矿和顾桥矿呈现轻度污染;迭加指数评价表明,3个矿区的土壤污染等级均为中度污染;潜在生态风险指数评价表明,淮南矿区土壤中Cd元素具有相当大的潜在生态风险,3个矿区的土壤均具有中等生态风险.     

淮北矿区土壤重金属空间分布与环境评价

以淮北矿区为研究区域,采集了311个土壤样品,测定了Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb,As的含量,研究重金属的空间分布特征,同时对土壤重金属进行环境评价.结果表明,研究区土壤中6种重金属存在一定程度富集,其中Zn元素富集程度最高.Cu,Zn和Pb元素的富集是由煤炭开采、化肥使用和交通运输等人为因素引起的,Cr和Ni元素受自然因素和人为活动共同影响,As的空间分布主要与成土母质等自然因素有关.环境评价结果显示,淮北矿区土壤重金属整体处于未污染或轻度污染状态,生态风险轻微,环境质量良好.     

武汉市某工业用地土壤重金属污染状况分析与评价

为研究土壤重金属的污染状况,从武汉市某工业用地土壤中采集26份样本检测分析了其Cu、Zn、Cr、Pb、Mn和Co元素含量.结果表明：土壤整体呈pH中性,土壤中的有机质含量偏低.表层（0～20cm）和次表层（20～50cm）土壤中重金属Cu、Zn、Cr、Pb、Mn、Co含量分别为27.08,198.68,67.95,18.72,525.50,69.44 mg/kg;和25.82,210.19,65.68,19.67,528.99,68.92 mg/kg.以湖北省土壤背景值为评价标准,该工业用地土壤重金属主要污染为Co,其次是Zn,该工业用地属于重金属重度污染.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.