113例已婚妇女生殖道念珠菌健康携带情况及药敏分析

目的：了解已婚妇女生殖道念珠菌健康携带状况及菌群分布、对常用抗真菌药物的敏感性。方法：采取健康已婚妇女生殖道分泌物进行念珠菌分离培养、鉴定和药物敏感性试验。结果：113份标本中检出念珠菌22株,其中以白念珠菌为主（50%）,光滑念珠菌7株、克柔念珠菌2株、其它念珠菌2株。汉族和少数民族已婚妇女生殖道标本各检出念珠菌11株;检出的念珠菌对酮康唑（KETO）、氟康唑（FCZ）、5-氟胞嘧啶（5-FC）和两性霉素-B（B AMB）的耐药株数分别为10、6、2和1株。结论：本次调查的已婚妇女生殖道念珠菌健康携带率为19.5%,部分念珠菌对常用抗真菌药物存在耐药现象。     

泌尿生殖道感染酵母菌258株菌相分析

目的：探讨机体微生态环境紊乱状态下酵母菌（条件致病菌）引起泌尿生殖道感染菌种分布特点。方法：常规真菌培养、分纯、鉴定。结果：258株酵母菌中念珠菌属251株，占总数的97.2%，且以白念珠菌、热带念珠菌、埃切念珠菌、光滑念珠菌、白球念珠菌为主，共239株占95.2%(239/251)。结论：临床酵母菌为主的真菌泌尿生殖道感染以念珠菌居首且日趋增多，应予以高度重视。     

延安市179例性传播疾病测试分析

目的：了解性传播疾病的发病情况，增强人们对性传播疾病的防范意识，呼吁社会加强健康教育。方法：女性取宫颈粘液，男性取尿道分泌物行PCR检测。结果：179例患者中，淋病78例，非淋菌性泌尿生殖道炎症55例，生殖器疱疹19例，尖锐湿疣22例，梅毒5例。结论：提示全社会要加强综合治理，广泛开展精神文明及生殖健康教育，提高自身素质，减少性病的发生与传播。     

应用快速斑点免疫结合试验检测泌尿生殖道沙眼衣原体

目的：泌尿生殖道标本的沙眼衣原体检测。方法：采用新型免疫层析技术，以特异性沙眼衣原体单克隆抗体的快速定性检测方法，对178例性病门诊患者泌尿生殖道标本的沙眼衣原体检测。结果：总CT检出率10．1％(18／178)，男性CT检出率8．1％(3／37)，女性CT检出率10，6％(15／141)。结论：提示泌尿生殖道的CT感染在本地区存在，且构成流行，应引起高度重视，并建议将CT检测作为性传播疾病(STD)常规检查项目。     

一种新的制备念珠菌假菌丝标本片的方法

目的 :探讨白色念珠菌假菌丝标本片的制作 ,为教学提供优质标本片。方法 :用自制的玉米粉吐温液体培养基培养白色念珠菌4～5d ,再用改良的棉蓝染色法染色。结果 :假菌丝形成良好染成蓝绿色 ,厚膜孢子、菌体形态完整染成蓝色。结论 :用该法制作的标本片背景清晰 ,假菌丝、厚膜孢子、菌体、芽管集于同一张标本片形态自然 ,易于观察、效果较好。     

白色念珠菌的鉴定和培养

介绍了白色念珠菌的简易分离和鉴定方法：先将菌种接种于沙堡氏培养基上,待长出菌落后,挑取单少接种于玉米玉脂（或玉米吐温８０）培养基上形成厚膜孢子,然后再结合糖发酵或其它生化试验加以鉴定。此方法简便易行,且阳性率高。另外,对沙堡氏培养基进行了改良,并对白色念珠菌在７种改良培养基上的生长情况做以比较,结果表明,在葡萄糖蛋白胨酵母膏琼脂培养基上菌落生长最好,葡萄糖蛋白胨琼脂培养基和葡萄糖酵母膏琼脂培养其次     

深圳地区泌尿生殖道支原体感染及其耐药性分析

目的研究本地区支原体在人类泌尿生殖道感染情况及其耐药性分析.方法采用法国生物-梅里埃(MYCOPLASMA IST2)支原体培养鉴定及药敏检测试剂盒,对2 a来955例临床生殖道标本进行培养和鉴定,同时进行药敏分析.结果 UU及Mh感染率为40.4%.女性感染率50.6%,男性感染率24.2%,两者差异有显著性P<0.05.药物敏感性试验结果显示,支原体对原始霉素、交沙霉素、强力霉素、四环素、克拉霉素、阿奇霉素、红霉素、氧氟杀星、环丙沙星的敏感率分别为99.22%,99.00%,92.00%,81.10%,79.80%,71.24%,70.47%,36.79%,18.65%.结论临床支原体感染已成为泌尿生殖系感染的主要病原菌,结合药敏结果,指导临床合理应用抗生素.     

滇东北少数民族大学生体质健康调查与分析

本文结合少数民族大学的生活习惯、锻炼习惯研究少数民族大学生体质状况，对由靖师范学院共263名少数民族大学生进行了生活习惯的调查和体质状况的测试。生活习惯调查采用《生活方式自评量表》，体质测试采用《学生体质健康标准》。结果显示，滇东北少数民族大学生生活习惯表现不尽相同，有相当比例的学生存在各种不良生活方式，主要表现在运动时间不足，饮食结构不尽合理，严重影响体质健康；同时，体育锻炼与身体成分、体质综合得分均呈现一定程度的正相关。结合以上问题给出相应的建议。     

慢性肺源性心脏病呼吸道深部念珠菌感染临床分析

目的：探讨慢性肺源性心脏病(以下简称肺心病)患合并呼吸道深部念珠菌感染的病因、诊治及预防。方法：对1996年12月至2001年12月住院87例肺心病合并呼吸道深部念珠菌感染患的病因、临床表现、治疗及预防作回顾性分析。结果：肺心病患长期反复应用抗生素、特皮质激素等，使机体抵抗力下降，容易发生念珠菌感染。白色念珠菌是念珠菌中致病力最强的真菌。结论：临床医生应正确合理使用抗生素，减少耐药菌株的产生，增强机体免疫、营养支持治疗，以达到预防念珠菌感染，控制危险因素。     

支原体检测及药敏分析在临床中的应用价值

目的通过对支原体的检测及药敏情况来分析患者耐药程度,指导临床合理用药.方法用支原体(Uu/Mh)分离培养药敏试剂盒对不同患者进行药物敏感性试验,并对其结果进行统计分析.结果 250例患者的泌尿生殖道分泌物中分离支原体感染92例,标本阳性率为36.8%,其中解脲支原体(Uu)75例,阳性率为81.5%;人型支原体(Mh)3例,阳性率为3.2%;混合感染(Uu+Mh)14例,阳性率为15.3%;药敏结果显示:支原体对12种抗生素中交沙霉素、多西环素、美满霉素和四环素的平均敏感率较高,分别为(93.02±7.15)%、(90.19±10.83)%、(86.03±14.30)%、(82.76±17.89)%,而对环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、氧氟沙星和司巴沙星的敏感性较低;耐药性最强的抗生素是环丙沙星和左氧氟沙星.结论交沙霉素、多西环素、美满霉素和四环素可作为泌尿生殖道支原体感染的临床经验性选用的抗菌药物;支原体的培养及药敏试验可以掌握支原体的流行状况及耐药程度,为临床合理用药提供参考.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-