钝齿棒杆菌AS1.542原生质体形成和再生条件的研究

本文研究了钝齿棒状杆菌(Corynebacterium crenatum AS1.542)原生质体形成和再生的条件。结果表明:菌体培养至对数生长期,用1.Oμg/ml青霉素G处理4小时,再以1000μg/ml蛋清溶菌酶在37℃下处理14小时原生质体形成率达99.0％,在含0.5M蔗糖的高渗完全基上,它的再生率为20.0～50.0％。高渗缓冲液DF比NSM和SMM更适合于原生质体的再生,高渗稳定剂0.5mol/L蔗糖优于0.5mol/LNaCl。用电镜观察了菌体和原生质体的形态结构。     

一株耐盐性酵母的原生质体化及再生条件的优化研究

对一株耐盐性酵母Zygosaccharomyces rouxii的原生质体化及再生条件进行了实验研究.结果表明:用0.5 mg/mL(10 unit/mL)细胞壁溶解酶zymolyase20T在1.0~1.5 mol/L山梨糖醇渗透压调节剂的浓度范围内,原生质体化率可达99%以上,再生率在2%~11%之间,而且用磷酸钾缓冲液比用Tris-HCl缓冲液再生率高.在山梨糖醇浓度1.5 mol/L,zymolyase20T浓度0.5 mg/mL,磷酸钾缓冲液0.1 mol/L(pH6.0)时,30℃、60 min,再生率达30%以上.     

小克银汉霉原生质体的制备与再生

目的　为了利用微生物发酵生产γ 亚麻酸,研究了小克银汉霉原生质体制备与再生的条件。方法　利用液体振荡培养法,对酶解系统、渗透压稳定剂、菌丝培养时间、酶解温度等因素对小克银汉霉原生质体制备与再生的影响等进行了实验。结果　原生质体的产量可达到5.3×106个/mL,原生质体的再生率达到1.85%。结论　①用2%的蜗牛酶酶解28℃培养24h的菌丝,以0.7mol/L甘露醇作为渗透压稳定剂,酶解前以0 3%β 巯基乙醇处理30min,便可制备大量的小克银汉原生质体;②用含0.8mol/LKCl的高渗双层培养基包埋制备的原生质体,可得到较高的原生质体再生率。     

荨麻青霉(Penicillium urticae)原生质体的制备与再生

对荨麻青霉原生质体的高效制备以及再生方法进行了探索.结果显示荨麻青霉较为适合的原生质体制备及再生条件的组合:菌龄为28 ℃恒温下培养20～22 h,DTT预处理0.5 h,以7 mg/mL的纤维素酶,7 mg/mL蜗牛酶,5 mg/mL溶菌酶为混合酶,0.6 mol/L的NaCl作为渗透压稳定剂,28 ℃恒温酶解3.5 h,PDA高渗双层培养基再生.该组合制备原生质体形成量达到1.59×107～1.89×107/mL,其再生率达到16.24%～19.25%.     

红发夫酵母原生质体形成的影响因素

研究了制备红发夫酵母原生质体的影响因素．菌体的培养时间、培养温度、酵母代数、培养基装液量、酶含量、高渗溶质性质、pH值、酶解温度和酶解时间等都对原生质体的形成产生较大的影响．原生质体形成的最适条件是：0～2代酵母在15或25℃培养12～16h，装液量100mL，用0．8mol/L KCl作高渗稳定剂，酶含量l％，酶解温度22℃，酶解时间16h，酶解pH8.0。     

谷氨酸产生菌原生质体的制备和再生

6株谷氨酸产生菌以甘氨酸、青霉素和溶菌酶不同组合处理,对其原生质体形成进行了比较,在最佳条件下,原生质体形成率可达95～100％。B9-15 菌株细胞形态特殊,表面呈凹陷状,仅在含1.5～2.0％甘氨酸的高渗培养液中就能形成原生质体,在加有壁制剂的丁二酸钠高渗培养基上,所试菌株的原生质体再生率从10.5％～61.8％,差异性较大。     

白灵菇原生质体制备与再生研究

借助正交设计法对白灵菇原生质体制备与再生进行研究．结果表明,原生质体最佳制备体系是：液体静置培养7d的菌丝体,在20g／L的溶壁酶作用下,以0．6mol／L蔗糖为渗透压稳定剂,28℃酶解2h,最高制备率为1．34×10^7个／mL;其最佳再生体系是：以液体静置培养7d的菌丝体,0．6mol／LMgSO4·7H2O为渗透压稳定剂,在15g／L溶壁酶与10g／L蜗牛酶作用下,34℃酶解3h,最高再生率为3．7％．     

异常汉逊酵母原生质体形成和再生研究

采用多因子正交实验确定了一株异常汉逊酵母(Hansenula anomala)原生质体形成和再生的最佳条件。对数前期细胞在1％蜗牛酶、0.1％巯基乙醇(ME)。0.1％EOTA,0.9mol.l~(-1)甘露醇和pH5.4,35℃条件下处理30分钟,原生质体形成率和再生事分别为91.4％和9.31％,原生质体形成率×再生率值最大(8.51％)。     

曲霉原生质体的制备与非对称灭活

为提高菌丝原生质体的释放量和活力,分别考查了碳源、菌龄、渗透压稳定剂、酶浓度、酶解时间及再生培养基种类对Aspergillus oryzaeHN3042和Aspergillus niger CICC2377原生质体释放和再生的影响,并研究了两个亲本原生质体的非对称灭活参数.确定了亲本原生质体的适宜制备参数.结果表明,以MPY液体培养基为菌丝培养基、0.7mol/L NaCl复合0.4mol/L山梨醇为渗透压稳定剂、以高渗豆汁固体培养基为再生培养基,原生质体有30%以上的再生率.通过非对称灭活曲线确定Aspergillus oryzae HN3042原生质体于15W紫光灯垂直距离13cm处照射15min,Aspergillus niger CICC2377原生质体于65℃水浴10min,可使亲本原生质体临界失活.     

槐耳原生质体制备与再生研究

对槐耳原生质体制备与再生进行了研究,结果表明:槐耳原生质体制备最佳条件是以液体静置培养9d的菌丝体,0.6mol/L蔗糖作为渗透压稳定剂,在体积质量比2%溶壁酶、1%纤维素酶和1%蜗牛酶作用下,25℃酶解3h,制备率达2.75×106个/mL;再生最佳条件是液体静置培养12d的菌丝体,0.6mol/L甘露醇为渗透压稳定剂,在2%溶壁酶作用下,35℃酶解2h,再生率为12.7%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.