一种改进的预测误差扩展可逆数据隐藏算法

利用灰度图像的值特征,本文在预测误差扩展算法基础上,提出一种改进的可逆数据隐藏算法.该算法对边界像素结合其邻接像素进行判断,在保证不会产生溢出时嵌入数据,以提高原载体图像的数据嵌入率,并降低辅助数据容量.最后选取自然图像与医学图像进行实验证明,该数据隐藏算法在嵌入容量、图像视觉质量方法均取得较好的效果.     

基于插值图像的可逆信息隐藏算法

为了提高可逆信息隐藏算法的容量,提出一种基于插值图像的可逆信息隐藏算法。将原始图像用最近邻插值算法放大,以放大后的图像作为载体图像进行隐藏。计算插值像素与相邻两个原始像素均值的差值,根据差值控制嵌入秘密信息的位数,根据秘密信息的数值修改插值像素实现秘密信息的隐藏。接收方提取秘密信息后,可对载密图像下采样恢复出载体图像,实现可逆信息隐藏。实验表明提出的算法可实现较大容量的信息隐藏,同时,在相同隐藏容量的情况下,具有较好的视觉效果。     

改进加权矩阵的双图像可逆数据隐藏算法

针对插值灰度图像嵌入容量有限和视觉质量较差的问题,提出了改进加权矩阵的双图像可逆数据隐藏算法,通过仅增加或减少载体图像的插值像素来嵌入多个机密数据位,进一步提高图像嵌入容量和视觉质量。该算法通过插值放大原始图像的大小生成载体图像,使用具有相同大小的共享预定义加权矩阵对原始像素块进行逐项相乘模和,将机密信息根据块的数量交替地嵌入2幅图像中,在每次迭代前,使用共享密钥修改加权矩阵以保护隐藏信息,加权矩阵有助于在较小失真的情况下嵌入更多的数据位,有效实现了安全性和嵌入容量。实验结果表明,该算法可以抵抗剪切、噪声、不透明修改等隐写攻击。相对于其他方法,该算法在嵌入容量和PSNR方面都有明显的提高。     

利用整数变换的高效图像可逆信息隐藏方法

针对Alattar算法运算复杂度过高的问题,提出一种基于整数变换的高效图像可逆信息隐藏方法.该方法在数据嵌入和提取过程中,只需要对各宿主向量进行一次整数变换,且所有向量通过整数变换后即可直接判定该向量是否可用于嵌入机密数据,降低了数据嵌入和提取过程中的运算复杂度.实验结果表明:该方法具有较大的数据嵌入容量,较好的隐蔽性和较低运算复杂度,在正确提取嵌入数据后可无失真恢复原图像.     

基于插值技术和多层折叠的可逆数据隐藏算法

现有的基于插值技术的可逆数据隐藏算法具有单层嵌入容量大的优点。然而,现有算法隐秘图像的视觉质量不是很好。针对此问题,提出了一种基于插值技术和多层折叠的可逆数据隐藏算法。该算法先对输入图像进行不重叠的2×2分块;然后对每个分块利用提出的图像插值算法生成大小为3×3的分块。为降低嵌入数据对插值像素的失真,先对待嵌入的秘密数据进行多层折叠编码;然后再嵌入到插值像素中。大量的实验结果表明,提出的算法不会出现像素溢出;与最新相似的算法相比,在相同的嵌入容量条件下,该算法具有更好的视觉质量。此外,提出的算法能抵抗直方图和RS隐写分析。     

基于差值扩展和随机块选择的可逆数据隐藏算法

针对传统数据隐藏算法容易被SPAM检测到的问题,提出一种基于差值扩展和随机块选择的可逆数据嵌入算法.该算法首先对目标图像进行分块处理,然后随机地选择目标块,并根据目标块的类型和方向选择相应类型的差值扩展方法嵌入数据,最后利用块位置图记录溢出情况,以保证图像质量.实验表明,该算法不仅能够提高嵌入数据的容量,并能有效降低嵌入数据后对图像质量的影响.     

一种新的空域图像信息隐藏算法

在空域图像信息隐藏算法中,LSB算法嵌入容量大,但鲁棒性差,MSB算法的鲁棒性有了一定提高,但嵌入容量大大降低。本文提出了一种新的空域信息隐藏算法。该算法对图像的每个像素都做修改以实现较大的嵌入容量,通过区间设定和扩展因子来提高算法的鲁棒性。实验表明,本算法鲁棒性优于LSB算法并且隐藏容量优于MSB算法,因此,本算法可应用于隐蔽通信     

一种基于位平面的差值扩展可逆水印算法

为了提高算法的嵌入容量和降低失真率等问题,文章提出一种基于图像位平面图分解理论的差值扩展算法,该算法只针对图像较低层的位平面图进行信息嵌入,不改变图像的其他较高位平面的像素值,通过这样的操作,在减小图像失真的同时,提高了总的信息隐藏量.     

一种基于块分类和差值扩展的可逆数据隐藏算法

利用图像块的统计特性,描述一种新的基于差值扩展和块分类技术的可逆数据隐藏算法.首先,将图像分为数据嵌入区域和辅助信息嵌入区域.在数据嵌入区域,将分块后的图像利用周围图像块与目标图像块间的统计关系判断图像块的类型,从而根据类型差异嵌入不同数据量的信息,实现图像内容复杂度对数据嵌入量的控制.同时,利用方向判断准则选择对图像影响较小的方向嵌入,解决了单一嵌入方向对图像造成较大失真的问题.在辅助信息嵌入区域,采用MPE零溢出的特性嵌入位图辅助信息,避免嵌入辅助信息带来新的位图信息.对不同纹理图像进行实验测试以及与其他算法进行比较.研究结果表明:该算法具有良好的综合性能;在提高算法嵌入容量的同时,有效地降低了嵌入数据后对原始图像质量的影响.     

基于小波变换的鲁棒型数字图像水印算法

提出一种基于小波变换的数字图像水印算法.通过对宿主图像、经过Amold变换加密后的水印图像分别进行多分辨率小波分解,达到自适应嵌入水印信息的目的.实验采用在彩色宿主图像中分别嵌入灰度水印图像及彩色水印图像,表明该算法简便易实现,攻击实验表明该算法能够较好的保证图像质量并能经受一定的攻击,同时由于对原始水印图像进行加密处理,该算法达到了即隐藏信息的存在,又隐藏信息的内容的双重安全效果.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.