高层建筑日照环境影响评价方法的探讨

旧城改造工作中的光遮挡环境问题凸现,由此引发的日照问题逐渐受到广泛关注.已往的日照环境影响评价大多针对拟建项目对周围原有项目的影响,而忽略了新建项目可能受到潜在的光遮挡.本文从连续日照时间的角度,重点对新建高层建筑可能会受到的日照环境影响进行分析,尝试提出一种日照问题的方法"零项目"日照环境影响评价法.     

加油站建设项目环境影响评价

随着对加油站需求量的增大,加油站新建、改扩建项目逐年增加。本文分析了加油站建设项目可能产生的环境影响,探讨了加油站建设项目环境影响评价时应关注的主要问题,指出此类项目的评价重点。     

居室与日照

阳光是人类健康的源泉。选择居室时,居室日照好坏是重要条件之一。那么,我们怎样才能获得充分的日照和如何判定一个居室的日照条件好坏呢? 由于开发商追求较高容积率,一些市场住宅(商品房和经济适用房)并未达到法规规定的住宅日照的标准,买住房时了解这点很重要,避免住进新屋以后才发现自己应有的阳光权被剥夺了。旧房被新建房遮挡了阳光,法规规定新建房的业主要向旧房被遮挡住户予以补偿,而买到无阳光、缺阳光房的人是无人给你补偿的。 首选应澄清一个买房人和媒体常搞错的概念:“采光”和“日照”,这是两个关联但并     

基于遗传算法建筑高度的优化求解

随着我国经济与现代化技术的发展,高层建筑规模和数量快速的增长,人们对高质量居住环境的要求越来越高.以往涉及有关日照方面的建筑优化设计问题,存在计算规则和方法过于复杂,数据精度无法保证以及操作性差等问题.因此,采取更有效的方法对建筑日照进行分析与建筑高度的优化设计势在必行.遗传算法与传统的优化方法相比较,以生物进化为原型,具有很好的收敛性,计算时间少,鲁棒性高等优点,广泛地应用在建筑优化设计方面.鉴于此,本文提出一种基于遗传算法的日照约束下建筑高度的优化求解方法.该方法首先将有效时间划分若干个时间切片,基于窗口日照分析确定被遮挡窗口的数量,进一步将拟建建筑区域分割为与时间切片等量的方格,并向上拉伸为遮挡小柱,基于小柱棒影和小柱到窗体距离之间的关系,计算窗口日照累计时间;然后,基于窗口最小日照时间的约束,构建拟建建筑高度最佳值的数学模型;最后,针对该数学模型,设计交叉和变异操作,并增加评价操作,求解最佳建筑高度.实验结果表明,所提方法能够自动求解拟建建筑的高度最优值,并能够准确获得被遮挡窗口的日照累计时间.本文方法还可以在建筑申报以前就计算出该地块的建筑最佳高度,从而计算出该地块最大能开发出的建筑面积,为审批人员批准建筑申报提供了依据,为建筑结构优化设计提供一种有效帮助.     

尤溪县梅仙矿产开采工程生态环境影响后评价

该文结合矿山采选类项目环境影响的特点,对矿山采选类项目环境影响后评价进行分析,并以福建金东矿业股份有限公司的铅锌矿的环境影响后评价为例,讨论环境影响后评价的工作要点.笔者认为矿山运营后环境质量等级未发生改变,环保设施运行良好,预测结果基本与实际监测结果一致,并提出提高生态环境质量的建议.     

建筑遮挡的房屋日照时长分析

当今时代经济飞速发展,建筑楼房日益密集,导致阳光遮挡现象严重,住户所在房屋的采光效果受到影响,房屋每日的日照时长愈加受到广大人民群众的关注。该研究给出了建筑遮挡的房屋日照时长的整个分析流程,通过用户所在的经纬度,逐日计算太阳运行轨迹,得到太阳高度角和方位角,然后结合建筑物间的位置关系,进一步计算出日照详细数据。该研究以北京市为例给出了具体的计算过程,最后得到阳光遮挡的时长与分布,这可以用来作为建筑采光性能的评估。     

论环境影响后评价的作用及其发展

随着环保呼声成为社会经济发展的主流,环境保护成为当前时代发展的主旋律.因此通过环境影响后评价可以对整个项目实施后的整体影响效果进行整体评估,从而有助于及时发现项目中存在的不足,并及时对这些不足予以纠正.因此进行环境影响后评价作用对于更好的进行项目的整体施工,推动项目影响积极意义的实现具有重要作用.本文的研究主要是基于环境影响后评价的作用及其发展展开,通过本文的探讨,以期使人们对环境后影响评价的作用及意义有更加深入的了解和认识.     

环境影响后评价的进展及主要问题

环境影响后评价是环境影响评价的延伸和发展，将项目后评价的思想引入项目环境管理体系，延伸出环境影响后评价的概念。目前环境影响后评价理论和方法体系尚处于发展初期的探索阶段。以公路建设项目为例，总结了环境影响后评价的概念和基本内容，介绍了环境影响后评价的发展过程及其理论和实践上的研究进展，并着重探讨了目前环境影响后评价工作中存在的主要问题，为今后环境影响后评价的研究提供了一些建议。     

上海市高层住宅高度错落组合对日照的影响

针对高层住宅建筑高度错落组合对日照的影响问题,应用计算机辅助研究,通过设定一些具体的约束条件和基本假定并建立模型进行研究。研究认为在一定情况下,高层住宅高度错落组合相对均匀组合有利于居住区的日照环境,可以有效地减少日照遮挡。     

印制电路板项目环境影响后评价探索

本文将印制电路板项目环境影响后评价引入电子行业环境保护领域,针对PCB制造业的产业特征,结合当前在PCB项目环境影响评价及环境管理中存在的问题,阐述线路板项目环境影响后评价的目的和意义,并就后评价的内容及方法进行探讨。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.