柔性动边界梁在横向撞击下的动力响应

研究特定约束条件下梁受横向撞击的动力响应,这些约束表现为弹性支承刚度和阻尼特征,也就是具有柔性动边界.建立了具有动边界梁的力学模型,综合考虑弹性和阻尼支承、集中质量块以及支承不对称等情况.根据撞击局部区域的接触力—嵌入深度关系式,利用拉格朗日方法建立了横向撞击下柔性动边界梁的动力方程,并通过与简支梁在相同撞击条件下撞击力、横向位移的对比分析,说明了柔性支承对结构动力响应的影响.结果表明,低速撞击条件下,柔性支承对撞击力的影响较小,但对结构位移响应的影响较显著,并且弹性支承会使梁受撞击后的变形过程与简支梁相比增加一个变形阶段. 受横向撞击的动力响应,这些约束表现为弹性支承刚度和阻尼特征,也就是具有柔性动边界.建立了具有动边界梁的力学模型,综合考虑弹性和阻尼支承、集中质量块以及支承不对称等情况.根据撞击局部区域的接触力一嵌入深度关系式,利用拉格朗日方法建立了横向撞击下柔性动边界梁的动力方程,并通过与简支梁在相同撞击条件下撞击力、横向位移的对比分析,说明了柔性支承对结构动力响应的影响.结果表明,低速撞击条件下,柔性支承对撞击力的影响较小,但对结构位移响应的影响较显著,并且弹性支承会使梁受撞击后的变形过程与简支梁相比 加一个     

空间含铰可展桁架结构的非线性动力学建模与分析

综合考虑间隙、非线性刚度、摩擦及碰撞阻尼,建立了铰链等效模型,并基于该等效模型建立了含铰可展桁架结构动力学模型。根据铰链的变拓扑结构特点,提出了适用于解决时变非线性动力学问题的附加力方法,对多自由度平面和空间可展桁架进行了动力学仿真,得到了可展桁架的动力学响应。通过设置不同铰链参数和外部激振条件,分析了不同间隙、激振力、摩擦力对含铰可展桁架频率和幅值的影响,结果表明:间隙和激振力增大可导致桁架固有频率降低,响应幅值增大;摩擦力增大可提高桁架的固有频率。多单元桁架伸展臂的动力学试验结果验证了文中建立的含铰可展桁架动力学模型的正确性。     

落物撞击海洋平台中撞击位置对结构响应的影响

利用有限元仿真软件MSC/Dytran从碰撞力、能量转化及结构损伤等方面,分析了下落物体撞击导管架海洋平台甲板结构过程中撞击位置的变化对平台结构响应的影响。将撞击位置按边界条件和垂向碰撞刚度的不同分类,分析不同边界条件、不同垂向刚度对平台结构损伤的影响。研究结论表明:撞击区域边界条件的不同对撞击力和能量的吸收转化影响不大,但损伤变形有所差别;撞击位置的不同对撞击力有影响,各撞击力曲线的起伏和峰、谷点的位置都有所不同;撞击位置不同,相应的各构件的吸能比例也不同,但对结构总体吸能的影响不大;撞击位置不同导致结构损伤过程的变化,并影响到构件的损伤模式和失效次序。     

无阻尼多自由度系统对任意激振的瞬态响应数值解法及其程序设计

本文采用原坐标分析法建立了求解无阻尼多自由度系统对任意激振的瞬态响应的数学模型,並编制了其相应的计算机程序。该程序在WANG-2200VP型计算机上调试通过,既可计算系统的位移瞬态响应,又能直接计算弹性力(或弹性力矩)的瞬态响应。作者认为:本程序可作为计算无阻尼多自由度系统对任意激振力瞬态响应的通用子程序。     

考虑物料对称滞回性质的振动压路机振动轮响应特性分析

针对智能振动压路机在水平激振下恢复力与物料之间的对称滞回特性,采用双线性对称滞回模型,建立压实系统的二自由度动力学模型,一次近似的前提下,利用谐波线性法将非线性作用力线性化为等效刚度和等效阻尼.通过数值仿真方法,研究压实进程中土壤参数、激振力幅和激振频率对振动轮动响应的影响特性.结果表明:压实进程中应根据土壤实际压实状况,合理调整激振参数,从而减小压实力,抑制打滑现象,保证压实质量和提高压实效率.     

桥梁多次重撞击动力学响应的瞬态波效应法

为精确计算地震过程中桥梁的瞬态波响应,研究了多次重撞击现象对桥梁地震响应和安全性能的影响。针对剧烈竖向地震作用下梁可能偏离支座的双跨单墩连续梁桥,采用Ber-noulli-Euler梁模型描述上部结构和St.VENANT杆理论模拟桥墩结构。将竖向地震动以正弦激励形式的人工地震激励代替,应用瞬态波传播理论研究地震过程中上部结构和桥墩之间的多次重撞击现象。提出了计算桥梁多次重撞击瞬态动力学响应的瞬态波效应法。该方法避免了求解耦合重撞击力的强非线性方程,能够较精确地计算多次重撞击过程和分离过程中的瞬态波响应,准确描述结构中的撞击波传播现象。研究结果表明:重撞击力数值巨大;随着桥墩弹性模量的增大,最大重撞击力逐渐增大,而最大墩顶位移逐渐减小;竖向地震动引起的多次重撞击对桥梁的地震响应有较大影响,应当在连续梁桥的抗震设计中予以考虑。     

桥墩等效撞击力计算方法研究

为了深入探讨桥墩等效撞击力,基于撞击荷载与静力荷载对桥墩模型产生的变形效应相等的关系,考虑桥墩的弯曲应变能和剪切应变能,建立了桥墩模型等效撞击力的计算公式,包括正弦撞击荷载波形和三角形撞击荷载波形两种形式。研究表明：撞击荷载波形的取用模型对等效撞击力的计算影响较大;并分析得到了撞击荷载下桥墩模型的等效撞击力和撞击力峰值的关系。本文研究结果可为桥墩等效撞击力的取值提供参考。     

船撞力强度指标对船撞桥响应的影响

确定船舶的撞击力是桥梁设计的关键问题之一,本研究针对船撞力强度指标的选择,探讨了不同船撞力强度指标对桥梁结构响应的影响.首先建立了一艘轮船撞击刚性墙的高精度有限元模型,得到了不同撞击吨位与撞击速度下的船撞力时程,并根据不同的船撞力强度指标进行了等效,将等效静力作用于结构的响应值与结构动力响应值进行了对比.结果表明,平均船撞力得出的结构响应最小,局部平均船撞力与峰值船撞力得出的动力响应相差不大;从结构响应随撞击吨位与撞击速度的变化规律方面来看,采用局部平均船撞力作为强度指标更为合理;在采用3种船撞力强度指标时都必须考虑动力效应的影响,否则会得到偏小的结构响应值.     

桥墩等效撞击力计算方法

为了深入探讨桥墩等效撞击力,基于撞击荷载与静力荷载对桥墩模型产生的变形效应相等的关系,考虑桥墩的弯曲应变能和剪切应变能,建立了桥墩模型等效撞击力的计算公式,包括正弦撞击荷载波形和三角形撞击荷载波形两种形式。研究表明:撞击荷载波形的取用模型对等效撞击力的计算影响较大;并分析得到了撞击荷载下桥墩模型的等效撞击力和撞击力峰值的关系。研究结果可为桥墩等效撞击力的取值提供参考。     

负载与支承刚度对面齿轮传动系统动态特性的影响分析

为研究负载及支承刚度变化时对面齿轮传动系统动态特性的影响,建立了包含支承、齿侧间隙、时变啮合刚度、综合传动误差、阻尼和负载激励等参数的系统弯-扭耦合动力学模型,并使用PNF(Poincaré-Newton-Floquet)方法进行求解。计算结果表明,在不同的负载及支承刚度条件下,系统会出现简谐响应、次谐响应、拟周期响应及混沌响应4类稳态响应。增加负载及支承刚度能有效降低系统的动载荷,而增大支承刚度还可以减小面齿轮支承在方向与方向上的振动位移幅值差距。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to