一种改进的自动分割镜头的方法

对现有传统分割算法进行分析，提出了一种改进的自动分割镜头的算法．通过计算视频序列相邻帧之间的灰度差值及色彩差异，自适应进行视频镜头的边界检测和闪光检测．这种算法将帧差法和直方图法这两种传统算法相结合，有效地提高了检出率及精确率，是一种简便、快捷的算法．     

基于字符串匹配和直方图分析的视频镜头检测算法研究

首先介绍了现有典型切变检测算法,然后提出一种改进的镜头切变检测算法,在字符串匹配算法的基础上用直方图法来进行二次检测.实验显示,这种方法解决了单独用字符串匹配算法造成的误检问题,取得了较好的镜头切变检测效果.     

基于灰度和直方图的阈值自适应镜头边界检测

镜头是对视频内容进行分析和检索的基础,研究镜头边界检测具有重要的现实意义。在对视频以及视频镜头边界检测的现有方法分析后,提出了一种改进的镜头边界检测算法——基于灰度和直方图的阈值自适应镜头边界检测算法。该算法是在应用自适应阚值的基础上,结合灰度图和直方图的特征总结出来的。实验结果表明这种改进的算法具有很好的突变镜头边界检测效果,同时该算法还对不同性质的视频有很好的适用性。     

一种改进的基于互信息量的镜头边界检测算法

镜头边界检测是基于内容视频检索的基础环节。由于视频类型与内容众多,目前镜头边界检测中存在阈值选取困难、查全率和查准率不高等问题。针对以上问题提出一种改进的基于互信息量的镜头边界检测算法,在字幕检测定位算法有效定位字幕区域的基础上,通过比较非字幕、非四角区域HSV空间直方图求取的相邻帧间互信息量的差异程度,实现镜头边界检测。实验表明,与当前应用最广泛且比较有效的双阈值算法相比,突变镜头检测综合性能平均提高12.4%,渐变镜头检测综合性能平均提高8.2%,通过自适应阈值的选取,有效解决了阈值依赖人工经验选取的问题;与当前已提出的基于互信息量的镜头边界检测算法相比,该算法降低了计算复杂度、几乎能检测所有的淡入淡出镜头边界,并使得镜头边界检测具有较高的查全率与查准率。     

基于 MPEG 国际标准压缩视频流的镜头切分算法

镜头切分是实现对动态视频基于内容检索的第一步，以检测出来的镜头作为基本单元，可以进一步对视频内容进行分析和建立索引。从实用角度看，目前越来越多的动态视频资料都是以压缩形式存储和传输，所以，研究基于压缩视频流的算法更有实际意义。本文旨在提出一种基于ＭＰＥＧ国际标准压缩视频流的镜头自动切分算法，通过利用ＭＰＥＧ数据流中已有的信息，如离散余弦变换（ＤＣＴ）系数和运动向量，只进行最小程度的解码，来检测镜头间的边界，从而实现镜头切分。针对实际视频流中镜头切换方式的复杂性，本文提出了三个算法分别处理不同情况，并将这三个算法以树形分类器的方式组织在一起，形成一个系统。通过对十段不同类型的ＭＰＥＧ－Ⅰ压缩视频节目进行镜头切分实验，取得了９０％以上的正确率。     

一种基于镜头切换和文本检测的广告检测算法

针对广告的两个基本特征： 镜头切换较频繁和经常突显商标信息, 提出一种基于镜头切换和文本检测的广告检测算法. 该算法先对各相邻帧进行直方图差分, 再对剪切、 消融、 淡入淡出和划变4种常见的镜头切换方式进行分析和识别, 实现了镜头切换检测. 对于镜头切换频率较低的广告, 通过基于最大梯度差分的文本检测方法检测广告商标信息, 实现了广告自动检测系统. 实验结果表明, 对于约15 min的视频序列, 该检测算法可获得83.32%的正确率, 可初步满足广告检测的要求.     

基于纹理和直方图特征相融合的镜头边界检测方法

镜头切换检测是视频检索研究领域中一项基本的、重要的技术,对于数字视频镜头突变切换的检测,一般有模板匹配法、直方图法等基本算法,但这些算法在实际检测中通常达不到较高的检测精度。因此,提出了一种特征融合的镜头边界检测方法。HSV色彩直方图进行镜头边界检测是一种常用、有效的方法,该文通过小波变换得到视频帧的纹理特征,并将其与色彩直方图特征相融合,采用滑动窗口技术对视频镜头进行检测。实验表明,该方法能够有效地检测镜头突变,对镜头的渐变也能有较好地检测。     

基于纹理和直方图特征相融合的镜头边界检测方法

镜头切换检测是视频检索研究领域中一项基本的、重要的技术,对于数字视频镜头突变切换的检测,一般有模板匹配法、直方图法等基本算法,但这些算法在实际检测中通常达不到较高的检测精度。因此,提出了一种特征融合的镜头边界检测方法。HSV色彩直方图进行镜头边界检测是一种常用、有效的方法,该文通过小波变换得到视频帧的纹理特征,并将其与色彩直方图特征相融合,采用滑动窗口技术对视频镜头进行检测。实验表明,该方法能够有效地检测镜头突变,对镜头的渐变也能有较好地检测。     

增强现实中的多层次遮挡算法

提出了一种改进的基于几何立体匹配的遮挡检测算法来提高增强现实系统中虚实遮挡检测的实时性、精度和鲁棒性．通过立体图像对中虚实点的投影位置关系判断虚实点之间的遮挡关系,不需要进行深度计算,能够有效提高遮挡检测的速度;通过选择网格边界上特征明显的边点进行检测运算能够提高遮挡检测精度;根据显示状态的连续性,提出一种状态拟合模型来改善算法的鲁棒性．实验结果证明此遮挡算法可以实现虚实物体间快速、可靠的多层次遮挡检测．     

基于时空切片的新闻主播检测算法

为实现海量新闻视频的有效索引和检索,提出了一种基于时空切片（spatio—temprol slice,STS）特性的新闻主播检测方法．通过对时空切片的模式分析,聚类和信息融合,实现了新闻主播镜头的自动检测．该方法完全通过对新闻视频结构的分析,利用其共有的特性,对不同的新闻视频实现主播镜头自适应检测．大规模实验证明了该算法准确性高,鲁棒性强且计算复杂度低．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to