宪法诉讼本土化若干问题的思考

宪法诉讼制度是宪法监督制度的重要形式之一,它有利于维护宪法的权威和尊严,有利于法治国家的建设和人权的保障.可以说,宪法诉讼制度已不是可否进入我国的问题了,而是如何进入我国的问题,即在我国如何建构中国特色的宪法诉讼制度问题.     

浅析人权入宪与人权保障

2004年宪法修正案明确规定"国家尊重和保障人权",这一举措对我国人权事业和社会主义宪政建设产生极为重要的影响。然而冷静思考发现,宪法关于人权内涵和外延设计仍存在缺陷,同时,需要从法律保障、制度保障和组织保障三方面入手进一步完善人权保障机制。     

人权保障视域中的违宪审查：理念互通与制度嵌合

宪法是人权的保障书，其主要功能之一是为了保障人权，而人权保障要真正得以实现则依赖于宪法和宪政制度的构建与完善，其中违宪审查是现代宪政国家保障人权不可或缺的基本制度，违完审查是实现宪法对人权的保障功能的重要途径。违宪审查和人权保障相互之间存在着密切的学理关联，只有通过实施宪法、确立违宪审查制度才能真正实现宪法的人权保障功能。     

我国公民环境权入宪的理性思考

目前,我国宪法并未明确规定公民的环境权,环境权只是我国公民的一项人权。通过借鉴其他国家公民环境权入宪的立法实践,笔者建议在宪法中明确规定环境权既是我国公民的基本权利,也是基本义务。同时,要构建我国的环境公益诉讼制度和宪法诉讼制度,使公民的环境权从纸上的权利成为现实的权利。     

再论公民基本权利的宪法保障

近代宪法是在保障公民基本权利的过程中产生的,保障公民的基本权利是宪法的精髓所在。我国现行宪法对生存权、劳动权等公民基本权利保障存在着缺失。完善宪法对公民权利的保障建立宪法诉讼制度、建立违宪审查机制,使公民基本权利得到司法的救助和保障,从而实现和谐社会的建设。     

宪法发展与我国的人权保障

宪法是一国人权的实际享有和实现的基本法律依据，宪法发展反映该国在人权维护和保障方面的基本立场和主要成就。1954年宪法和1982年宪法及其修正案在政治权、人身权、经济财产权、少数民族权等具体人权内容上有着不同的规定，从中可看出我国宪法保障的人权所具有的广泛性、平等性和真实性，以及我国政府在人权维护和保障方面的基本立场和主要成就。     

宪法发展与我国的人权保障

宪法是一国人权的实际享有和实现的基本法律依据，宪法发展反映该国在人权维护和保障方面的基本立场和主要成就。1954年宪法和1982年宪法及其修正案在政治权、人身权、经济财产权、少数民族权等具体人权内容上有着不同的规定，从中可看出我国宪法保障的人权所具有的广泛性、平等性和真实性，以及我国政府在人权维护和保障方面的基本立场和主要成就。     

宪法诉讼之自我浅见——读《宪法诉讼原论》有感

宪法诉讼制度是近代宪政理念及其制度建构发展到一定阶段的产物,并且自其产生以来就在整个宪法监督体系中发挥了不可取代的作用。宪法诉讼的理论基础也是多元的,对理论的探索更加有益于对宪法诉讼含义的把握。     

刑事被追诉人诉讼权利宪法化问题初探

首先探讨了我国《宪法》以及《刑事诉讼法》中刑事被追诉人的诉讼权利现状,表明我国刑事被追诉人诉讼权利存在缺失。并以此起点,探讨了宪法中被追诉者权利问题以及确立违宪审查制度问题,以期在根本上保证刑事被追诉者的诉讼权益。     

论我国宪法委员会的构建

如何完善我国宪法监督体制是宪法学研究的一个重要课题。宪法作为国家的根本大法,是公民权利的保障书。建立宪法监督体制是保障宪法确立的国家制度和根本任务实现的必然要求,也是我国走向宪政的必然选择。我国有必要借鉴国外宪法监督模式的有益经验,构建起适合我国国情的方案,藉此推动我国宪法监督体制的完善。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to