应用支持向量机的空中交通流量组合预测模型

为了提高空中交通流量预测的准确性,研究了将支持向量机(support vector machine, SVM)应用于空中交通流量预测的方法,建立了基于SVM的自回归预测模型,讨论了模型参数确定等关键问题.在SVM预测模型基础上,将SVM与多项式和鲁棒自回归预测模型结合,提出组合预测模型.利用北京周边空域实测流量数据进行的对比实验结果表明: SVM预测模型的预测误差小于5%, 组合预测模型的预测误差小于2%, 均优于多项式和鲁棒自回归预测模型;组合预测模型的预测精度和稳定性整体上又优于SVM预测模型.     

快速路交通事件持续时间预测模型研究

针对城市快速路交通事件持续时间影响因素的复杂性和不确定性,结合贝叶斯网络和非参数回归方法,提出了一种新的快速路交通事件持续时间预测模型.采用上海市快速路监控中心数据,经过降噪处理,生成样本数据;在分析样本数据特征基础上,确定了贝叶斯网络的结构学习方法与参数学习方法;对贝叶斯网络模型的结果用非参数回归算法生成持续时间预测值.最后,对模型预测精度进行了验证,发现模型预测效果较好.     

基于改进型贝叶斯组合模型的短时交通流量预测

针对短时交通流量预测的难题,在传统贝叶斯组合模型进行改善的基础上,提出一种改进型贝叶斯组合模型.该模型只根据各基本预测模型当前时刻之前几个交通流量的预测表现,通过提出的分配算法实时更新组合模型中各个基本预测模型的权重,从而改善了传统贝叶斯组合模型权重计算迭代步长过长的缺陷,提高了贝叶斯组合模型对各个基本预测模型预测精度的灵敏性.通过对实地的交通流量的预测发现,基于改进型贝叶斯组合模型的预测精度不仅优于单一的预测方法,而且也优于传统的贝叶斯组合模型,从而证明了改进型贝叶斯组合模型有效提高预测的可靠性和具有一定的实用性.     

基于非负矩阵分解的OD矩阵预测

提出了一种非负矩阵分解-自回归模型,并用该模型对居民出行流量进行预测.该模型首先利用非负矩阵分解方法挖掘城市区域内的居民出行特征,而后在非负矩阵分解获得的特征矩阵和系数矩阵基础上对时序系数矩阵建立自回归模型,进而对起讫矩阵进行预测.以北京市出租车数据为基础,与时空权重K近邻、传统K近邻、反向神经网络、朴素贝叶斯、随机森林和C4.5决策树回归模型对比,实验结果表明,该模型的预测准确率有显著提升.     

投影寻踪自回归模型在长江径流量预测中的应用

为准确预测长江径流量,引入投影寻踪自回归模型,用自相关分析技术确定预测因子,构造了新的投影指标函数,并用基于实数编码的加速遗传算法优化投影指标函数,建立了投影寻踪自回归流量预测模型.将该模型应用于长江径流量的预测,结果表明用该模型预测长江流量时序是可行和有效的.     

贝叶斯预测模型在气温变化预测中的应用

贝叶斯预测模型是运用贝叶斯统计方法进行的一种预测,贝叶斯统计不同于一般统计方法,其不仅利用模型信息和数据信息,而且充分利用了样品的先验信息.根据贝叶斯预测模型的特点,介绍了几个贝叶斯预测模型的预测过程和计算步骤,并对南宁地区自1970年以来19年间的气温变化进行了预测.根据计算结果,分析了不同贝叶斯预测模型的预测特点,并给出了几点结论.     

贝叶斯预测模型在矿物含量预测中的应用

矿物含量预测是资源评价中经常遇到的问题,贝叶斯预测模型是运用贝叶斯统计方法进行的一种预测.贝叶斯统计不同于一般的统计方法,其不仅利用模型信息和数据信息,而且充分利用先验信息.根据贝叶斯预测模型的特点,介绍了几个贝叶斯观测模型的预测过程和计算步骤,并对白鹿塬水家嘴剖面的mg2+含量进行了观测,根据计算结果,分析了不同贝叶斯预测模型的预测特点,并给出了几点结论.     

基于贝叶斯优化高斯过程回归法的再生混凝土力学性能预测

为了更准确地预测再生骨料混凝土的抗压强度与弹性模量,建立了一个比以往研究大的数据库,具有730组数据,为建立可靠的预测模型奠定了基础。提出了贝叶斯优化的高斯过程回归方法,选取再生粗骨料体积分数、水灰比、混合粗骨料吸水率、细骨料与总骨料比、粗骨料与水泥比、混合粗骨料饱和表面干密度等6个参数作为影响因素,同时建立了再生骨料混凝土抗压强度和弹性模量预测模型。通过比较抗压强度、弹性模量的预测值与实验值,发现二者较为接近,说明该方法具有一定的可靠性。将贝叶斯优化的高斯过程回归与高斯过程回归、支持向量机回归、随机森林回归、人工神经网络进行比较,并选取4个统计指标对模型进行评价,结果表明贝叶斯优化的高斯过程回归预测抗压强度和弹性模量精度较高,相关系数分别达到了0.91和0.93。这说明贝叶斯优化的高斯过程回归方法对预测再生骨料混凝土的抗压强度和弹性模量同时适用。     

基于贝叶斯超出表现模型的城市需水量组合预测

运用营口市人均综合用水量的历史数据,分别采用多元线性回归模型和BP神经网络模型对该市人均综合用水量进行预测,最后建立贝叶斯超出表现模型对所得到的单项预测值进行组合,实证分析结果表明,该组合预测模型获得了更为精确的预测效果,可以作为城市人均综合用水量预测的有效工具.     

混凝土碳化深度的贝叶斯自回归预测分析

总结和分析了影响混凝土碳化的主要因素及碳化深度计算模型,讨论了参数随机性及不确定性对碳化深度预测计算结果的影响.根据贝叶斯分析的基本原理,研究了混凝土碳化深度预测的贝叶斯自回归方法.该方法根据马尔可夫链(Markov Chain)的概率密度演化,利用吉布斯(Gibbs)抽样及蒙特卡洛(Monte Carlo)数值模拟,建立了混凝土碳化深度的随时贝叶斯自回归模型.该模型形式简单,收敛性好,且具有较高的预测精度.利用该方法和实测的碳化深度结果,建立自回归模型,可以对混凝土碳化深度进行更新预测.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.