不同应变水平拉伸对成骨细胞生理功能的影响

采用四点弯曲加载装置对大鼠颅盖骨中分离出的成骨细胞施加周期性拉伸刺激，研究成骨细胞对不同应变水平的拉伸刺激的生理响应。结果表明，500微应变的周期性拉伸刺激促进了成骨细胞的增殖，细胞的^3H－脯氨酸掺入量增加，碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性和向胞外分泌钙均升高；而1000微应变的周期性拉伸抑制了成骨细胞的增殖、^3H－脯氨酸掺入量、碱性磷酸酶活力和向胞外分泌钙都降低，说明成骨细胞能够分辨不同变水平的力学刺激，500微应变的周期性拉伸刺激有利于细胞的生长和分化，而1000微应变的周期性拉伸对细胞的生理活性有抑制作用。而且细胞在增殖、基质合成和分化、矿化上表现出一致的变化趋势。     

山芝烯二醇对体外培养成骨细胞成骨活性的影响

为研究玉柏石松提取物山芝烯二醇对体外培养小鼠颅骨成骨细胞活性的影响,采用MTT法、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）试剂盒、荧光定量PCR检测不同浓度药物作用不同时间后成骨细胞增殖、ALP活性和成骨活性相关基因,如原癌基因（c-jun、c-fos）、成骨转录因子（Osterix）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、Ⅰ型胶原（Col-Ⅰ）、骨钙素（OC）表达.结果显示：山芝烯二醇处理早期（3 d）促进成骨细胞增殖,促进c-jun、c-fos基因表达,先抑制后促进Osterix基因表达;晚期（9 d）促进ALP活性和ALP、Col-Ⅰ基因表达,对OC基因无明显影响.说明山芝烯二醇可以促进成骨细胞的增值,ALP活性及部分骨相关基因表达,是玉柏石松促进骨愈合的有效成分之一.     

富血小板纤维蛋白对人牙周膜细胞增殖及成骨能力的影响

目的:检测富血小板纤维蛋白提取液(PRFe)对人牙周膜细胞(h PDLCs)增殖及成骨分化能力的影响.方法:组织块法分离培养h PDLCs,免疫组化鉴定来源;Choukroun法制取PRFe;MTT法检测不同体积分数的PRFe对h PDLCs增殖活性的影响以确定最适宜体积分数的PRFe.实验分为空白对照组和PRFe组.碱性磷酸酶试剂盒检测ALP活性;茜素红染色观察细胞矿化功能;Western Blotting检测细胞中成骨蛋白BMP2和Runx2的表达.结果:体积分数为50%的PRFe吸光度值高于其他实验组(P0.05).选择体积分数为50%的PRFe用于后续实验,ALP活性检测、茜素红染色结果显示PRFe组的检测指标随着时间延长上升幅度均显著大于空白对照组,具有统计学差异(P0.05),PRFe组ALP活性与矿化结节积分光密度值于各时间点均高于空白对照组,具有统计学差异(P0.05).Western Blotting结果显示PRFe组成骨蛋白表达强于对照组,具有统计学差异(P0.05).结论:PRFe具有促进体外h PDLCs增殖以及成骨分化的作用.     

纳米氧化铈颗粒对骨髓基质细胞成骨分化和成脂分化的影响

以原代骨髓基质细胞(BMSCs)为模型,在细胞水平上,研究50nm氧化铈颗粒对BMSCs的活性、成骨分化和成脂分化的影响.结果表明,氧化铈颗粒促进BMSCs的活性,并呈现很好的剂量及时间依赖性,但其对BMSCs的碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性、胶原的合成、矿化结节的形成以及成脂分化的影响是复杂的,作用浓度和时间是影响其分化的关键因素.这些实验结果为阐明纳米氧化铈的生物学效应机理及其在生物医学领域的研究应用提供科学依据.     

低强度脉冲超声对MC3T3-E1细胞增殖、分化和矿化的影响

 为了研究低强度脉冲超声促进MC3T3-E1细胞增殖、分化和矿化的有效性,初步筛选频率和强度参数,分别对细胞施加不同参数(频率、强度)的超声,采取CCK-8法检测细胞的增殖情况,碱性磷酸酶检测试剂盒检测分化效果,茜素红染色观察矿化效果。发现30mW/cm²和40mW/cm²的超声对细胞产生促增殖作用,50mW/cm²抑制增殖;1.5MHz和1.7MHz的较低强度组均较对照组的ALP活性有增加;1.5MHz,40mW/cm²的超声组矿化效果较其他组好。研究结果表明,低强度的脉冲超声可以提高成骨细胞株MC3T3-E1增殖、分化和矿化能力,可能是防治骨质疏松的可行手段之一。     

Ⅰ型骨质疏松山羊骨髓基质细胞体外成脂、成骨分化的研究

观察体外定向诱导Ⅰ型骨质疏松山羊骨髓基质细胞（BMSCs）分化为脂肪细胞和成骨细胞.建立去卵巢骨质疏松山羊动物模型,全骨髓法分离培养其骨髓基质细胞.第二代细胞分别成脂、成骨诱导培养,油红O染色、碱性磷酸酶染色、茜素红染色判定其分化结果.成脂诱导21 d,油红O染色有脂滴形成;成骨诱导14 d,碱性磷酸酶染色阳性;连续诱导35 d,茜素红染色证实有钙化结节形成.Ⅰ型骨质疏松山羊骨髓基质细胞在体外可以定向诱导分化为脂肪细胞和成骨细胞.     

La^3＋通过重组细胞骨架影响大鼠成骨细胞增殖、分化

研究了稀土离子La^3＋对体外培养的成骨细胞增殖、分化及细胞骨架的影响,并初步探讨了相关机理．用细胞计数法检测了成骨细胞的增殖．用RT-PCR技术测定了碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、骨钙素（OC）、骨桥蛋白（OPN）,骨涎蛋白（BSP）以及cbfa-1mRNA水平．采用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察了细胞中F肌动蛋白（F-actin）的变化．结果显示：La^3＋在48h促进了成骨细胞增殖;在4d促进了早期分化指标ALP,BSP和拍肠-1mRNA的表达;在21d促进了晚期分化指标OC和OPNmRNA的表达．与此同时,La^3＋使成骨细胞骨架发生重组．另外,Western Blot分析证实La^3＋作用于成骨细胞短时间即可激活粘着斑激酶（FAK）酪氨酸磷酸化．结果提示,La^3＋通过提高FAK酪氨酸的磷酸化水平,改变细胞骨架的分布和聚合,从而促进成骨细胞的增殖和分化．     

PLGA多孔支架降解与成骨细胞相互作用的影响

研究聚丙交酯-乙交酯(PLGA)多孔支架降解和大鼠股骨成骨细胞生理活性之间的相互影响.将大鼠股骨成骨细胞接种于PLGA多孔支架上,观察4周降解时间内成骨细胞增殖活性、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性和钙浓度的变化以及PLGA相对分子质量损失、拉伸性能和压缩性能的变化.实验结果表明,支架降解初期,成骨细胞增殖活性较高,ALP活性和分泌钙的浓度较低;支架降解中后期,细胞增殖速度明显减慢,ALP活性和分泌钙的浓度明显下降.接种有细胞的支架降解过程中相对分子质量减小的速度快于对照组,力学拉伸强度和压缩杨氏模量低于对照组.支架材料中后期降解对细胞产生的影响大于降解初期,细胞附着于支架的生理活动加快了支架降解速度.     

体外培养大鼠颅骨成骨细胞的生物学特性

应用机械和多步酶解的方法，从新生大鼠颅骨分离成骨细胞。偶氮染色法和钙钴法证明细胞的碱性磷酸酶活性呈阳性反应；Ｖｏｎ Ｋｏｓｓａ和钙分子探针Ｆｌｕｏ－３染色显示细胞节内有钙的沉积；电镜和倒置相差显微镜观察可见矿化结节及其形成过程；碱性磷酸酶性活性和骨钙素的动态分析提示这两种蛋白因子与成骨细胞分化与成熟的相关性。这一体外培养方法的建立，为骨的发育和成骨细胞生物学的研究提供了模型。     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子对骨髓基质细胞的生物学效应

目的探讨碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)对骨髓基质细胞(BMSC)粘附、增殖和分化等生物学效应的影响.方法利用体视学计数、MTT法及ALP试剂盒分别测定不同浓度bFGF诱导一定时间后BMSG的粘附特性、增殖和分化情况的变化.结果10n/mLbFGF明显促进BMSG的粘附,但是200ng/mLbFGF反而不利于细胞粘附;在细胞增殖和分化测定中,100ng/mLbFGF明显促进细胞增殖,但细胞碱性磷酸酶含量也最低.结论碱性成纤维细胞生长因子对骨髓基质细胞的生物效应是复杂和多方面的,可以作用于骨髓基质细胞的粘附、增殖和分化等多个环节,这种影响与碱性成纤维细胞生长因子的剂量有关.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.