一种基于HSI和小波变换的遥感图像融合方法

在对同一地区低分辨率的多光谱图像与高分辨率的全色图像的融合中,单独采用传统的HSI(hue-saturation-intensity)图像融合方法会出现颜色失真问题和传统的小波融合中存在分块模糊现象.为了改进融合效果,本文提出了一种新的融合方法,将HSI和小波变换进行有机结合,首先通过HSI变换获得多光谱图像的亮度成分,采用改进的基于主分量分析方法的融合规则将它与全色图像进行小波融合,得到新的亮度分量.将新的亮度分量进行增强处理后,进行HSI逆变换获得最终融合图像.实验结果证明,该方法不但提高了融合图像的空间分辨率,突出了目标的特征信息,而且更好地保留了原有多光谱图像的光谱性质.     

基于小波变换的卫星遥感影像数据融合

遥感信息融合(Fusion)是遥感数据处理的重要内容之一。通过把高分辨率的全色影像与多光谱彩色低分辨率的数据叠加,可以最大限度地利用不同分辨率、不同光谱信息和不同时相分辨率的遥感信息。首先概括了已有的遥感平台与数据,在给出小波分解基本模型的基础上,探讨了采用小波变换进行遥感信息融合的基本方法和实现流程。同时利用该方法,用于SPOT全色卫星影像数据和Landsat TM多光谱数据的融合处理。作为实际应用,给出了详细的小波信息融合结果,并证明了该方法是切实可行的。     

基于二进小波变换的遥感图像融合方法

为了充分利用遥感图像的信息,在分析以往图像融合方法优缺点的基础上,针对多光谱与全色图像的融合,提出了基于二进小波变换的融合方法,将各源图像进行二进小波分解,根据低频和高频分量的特点,按照各自的融合算法融合源图像的各分解层。再进行小波逆变换得到融合图像。利用信息熵等标准与其他融合方法进行比较,实验结果证明该融合方法较常用的正交(双正交)小波融合算法有更好的融合效果。     

基于卷积神经网络超分辨率重建的遥感图像融合

为了充分利用多光谱图像的空间信息,获得更好的融合结果,本文提出一种基于卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network,CNN)超分辨率重建的遥感图像融合方法。该方法首先对多光谱图像作IHS变换,选取亮度分量I进行基于卷积神经网络的超分辨率重建(super-resolution convolutional neural network,SRCNN),增加扩展后图像的空间细节信息;然后对重建过后的多光谱图像的亮度分量I和全色图像进行基于小波变换的融合,融合规则为绝对值最大,改变传统算法中融合图像的高频分量全部来源于全色图像的情形;最后逆IHS变换得到分辨率较高的多光谱图像。实验结果表明,该算法的融合效果优于其他对比算法,能有效地降低图像融合过程中空间信息和光谱信息的损失。     

IHS变换域的遥感图像NSCT融合算法

针对非采样Contourlet变换(NSCT)在多光谱图像与全色图像融合时复杂度较大的问题,提出一种IHS变换域的多光谱图像与全色图像NSCT融合算法.该算法首先对多光谱图像进行IHS变换,然后再将强度分量图像与全色图像进行基于NSCT的融合,得到新的强度分量,最后再做IHS逆变换得到融合图像.实验结果表明,将IHS变换与NSCT相结合,有效地减少了融合计算量.另外与小波变换、Contourlet变换、NSCT等多分辨率分析的遥感图像融合算法相比,该算法还有效地减少了融合图像的光谱扭曲,提高了融合图像的视觉效果.     

遥感影像双线性插值小波融合方法

在进行同一地物的具有高空间分辨率的全色影像和多光谱遥感图像融合时，应用双线性插值的方法对多光谱图像进行插值，使之等于全色图像的空间分辨率．在此基础上，对两幅影像分别实施小波变换，提出了小波系数的融合运算公式．同时，为了说明本方法的可靠性，将其与近邻插值的小波变换、色彩变换(IHS)、Brovery变换等融合算法作了对比．仿真结果表明，该算法在提高影像空间分辨率的同时，图像的光谱信息损失最少．不失为一种较为理想的融合算法．     

基于IHS变换和Curvelet变换的卫星遥感图像融合方法

全色图像和多光谱图像融合是合成高分辨率彩色遥感图像的常用方法之一,高质量的彩色图像需要融合全色图像的高空间分辨率和保持多光谱图像的光谱特性.为提高融合图像的质量,文中提出了一种基于IHS和Curvelet变换的遥感图像融合方法,该方法首先将多光谱图像进行IHS变换,然后将代表空间分辨率的I分量与全色图像进行Curvelet变换,并进行标准差融合,最后逆变换成高质量的彩色图像.实验测试结果表明:文中方法合成图像的信息熵、相对无量纲的全局误差和通用图像质量指标均优于其他方法合成的图像,文中方法融合图像的平均梯度和相关系数与小波变换、PCA变换方法相当;文中方法的融合效果要优于其他方法.     

基于边缘检测和小波变换的遥感图像融合算法

针对多光谱图像和全色图像的特点,提出一种边缘检测和小波变换相结合的遥感图像融合方法。该方法在传统图像小波变换的基础上,选择Canny算子对图像进行边缘检测。在小波域中,在各个尺度层对高频子带采用边缘检测,将边缘点完整保留,低频子带利用加权法,再进行小波逆变换重构融合图像。实验结果显示,该方法在保证光谱信息的同时,能有效地突出边缘细节,更好地保持图像的空间分辨力。与传统小波变换法遥感图像融合相比,信息熵提高了6.63%,清晰度提高了32%,相关系数提高了0.36%。     

基于小波稀疏基的压缩感知遥感图像融合算法

针对遥感图像融合提出了一种基于小波稀疏基的压缩感知算法,该算法利用IHS变换法得到的高空间分辨率融合图像有尖锐边缘及小波变换能较好的保持光谱信息的优势,将多光谱图像的I分量和全色图像进行小波变换;根据其高低频分量的特点,对其低频分量采用小波稀疏基的系数加权融合法,高频分量采用边缘提取法分别进行融合,最后进行小波逆变换和IHS逆变换得到最终融合结果。实验结果表明,不同的小波稀疏基系数对融合结果有较大的影响,且所选算法的融合效果优于系数最大值法及传统融合方法。     

图像的多尺度稀疏分解及其在遥感图像融合上的应用

提出了一种图像多尺度稀疏分解的新方法,联合局部离散余弦变换基和曲波变换基组成分解字典,通过控制字典系数从多个尺度把二维图像稀疏分解为纹理成分和卡通成分,并以此应用到遥感图像融合,提取有效尺度下高分辨率全色遥感图像的纹理成分和多光谱遥感图像的卡通成分,对二者进行稀疏重建得融合图像.实验结果表明,多尺度稀疏分解的遥感图像融合方法优于经典融合方法,融合结果具有更高的空间分辨率和更低的光谱失真,相比流行的稀疏重建法,该方法的执行速率得到大幅提升,且取得了更好的融合结果.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.