铁镍代钴新型硬质合金的组织和性能

研究了热处理对粘结剂质量分数为１０％的ＷＣ－（Ｆｅ，Ｃｏ，Ｎｉ）合金组织和性能的影响，结果表明：淬火－回火过程中，硬质相ＷＣ的形态、大小和分布基本上没有变化，但粘结相的结构有变化；烧结态粘结相为马氏体和少量残留奥氏体组成；淬火处理使烧结态合金中的残留奥氏体量减小；淬火后回火，粘结相中出现逆转变回火奥氏体；随回火温度升高，逆转变回火奥氏体增加。文中还讨论了烧结态粘结相中马氏体的形成和逆转变回火奥氏体产生的原因，以及不同回火处理态合金中逆转变回火奥氏体与合金性能的关系。     

钒微合金化中锰钢组织与性能研究

对一种钒微合金化低碳中锰钢进行了轧制及热处理实验,对其组织与性能进行了研究,通过选取合理的热处理工艺,获得了良好的强韧性指标.结果表明:热轧态中锰钢的屈服强度在700MPa以上,-40℃的冲击功为67J,当淬火温度和回火温度分别为900℃和600℃时,实验钢的屈服强度在650 MPa以上,-40℃的冲击功为275J,具有良好的强韧性指标.热处理态实验钢的组织为回火马氏体,组织细化有利于提高实验钢的低温冲击功,当淬火温度为900℃时,在回火过程中可析出大量20nm以下的二元相VC,其析出强化量在150 MPa以上.     

Ti—5Al—2Mo—3Zr合金的低温形变

对Ti-523合金由室温到－75度之间的拉伸性能和开变行为作了系统研究，发现淬火态在－75度拉伸仍保持高塑性，而经回火的试样则塑性较低，两者的强度在低温下均升高，可比室温强度高10％，形变机理则由室温的滑移为主变为低温下的以孪生为主，交替温度可能在－15－－30度之间，低温形变出现一种双重“三孪晶”的取向关系，可能表示形变中各晶块间有很大的相对转动。     

回火温度对30CrMoSiA钢复合组织强度的影响

研究了30CrMoSiA钢中回火温度对（M（马氏体）＋F（铁素体）双相组织，M＋F＋B（贝氏体）＋AR（残余奥氏体）多相复合组织，及其强度的影响。结果表明：经预淬火的多相复全组织，随回火温度的提高，强度和塑性同时增加，直到450℃以上才明显降低。这与该组织中纤维形态复相区的残留奥氏体的稳定性、分解过程、以及延缓碳化物的沉淀和聚集有关。而未经预淬火的块状多相复合组织、M＋F双相组织经回火后的强度主要与M性能变化有关。而屈服强度则取决于复相中塑性相经回火后的性能变化。     

Fe-Mn-1.6 Ni-C水电用钢板轧后 直接淬火和回火工艺

通过Fe-Mn-1.6Ni-C钢板控制轧制、轧后直接淬火和560~710℃回火调质处理实验,研究了轧后直接淬火态和回火态的组织与性能变化.结果表明,轧后直接淬火得到组织细小的板条马氏体,固溶强化作用提高了其抗拉强度.经过回火热处理后,碳化物的析出及其对位错的钉扎作用,降低了钢的抗拉强度,提高了钢的屈服强度.随着回火温度的升高,碳化物聚集长大,铁素体发生回复与再结晶,造成强度下降以及冲击韧性提高.当回火温度高于A_○c1时,粗大的碳化物极易引起裂纹形核,破坏钢的冲击韧性.Fe-Mn-1.6Ni-C钢最优的回火温度为680℃,屈服强度为963MPa,抗拉强度为988MPa,延伸率为20.0%,-60℃冲击功为142J.     

回火温度对超高强高韧V150套管组织性能的影响

采用力学性能测试、金相组织观察、透射电镜以及扫描电镜观察,研究不同回火温度对超深井用超高强高韧套管组织和力学性能的影响规律。研究结果表明:套管经580～700℃回火的组织均为回火索氏体,在580～630℃回火时组织比较稳定,仍然保持着淬火马氏体的位向和形状,在640℃回火时发生铁素体再结晶,在700℃回火时发生组织粗化;与热轧态相比,淬火回火后的塑性和韧性得到了很大提高,在580～700℃回火,未出现第二类回火脆性;随着回火温度的升高,套管的强度和硬度逐渐降低,塑性和韧性逐渐增加;650℃为套管最佳回火温度,回火组织均匀,铁素体再结晶充分,碳化物细小弥散分布,强度达到V150钢级,0℃时横向冲击功接近110 J,强韧性匹配达到最佳。     

回火温度对30CrMnSiA复相钢冲击性能的影响

研究了回火温度对多相复合钢、马氏体（Ｍ）＋铁素体（Ｆ）双相钢及马氏体钢的冲击韧性的影响，结果表明，在强度相当的条件下，经预淬火的复相钢较其它组织具有更高的冲击韧性，具有最佳的强韧性、强塑性配合。随回火温度的提高，复相钢的冲击韧性（ＡＫ）值在３００℃达到峰值，４００℃时为低谷，这与该组织的残余奥氏体（ＡＲ）的大量分解的温度被推向高温，以及复相钢断裂时的解理面的尺寸和应力集中程序均较小有关。     

亚温淬火对35CrMo钢抗氢脆性能的影响

本试验结果表明：３５ＣｒＭｏ钢在亚温淬火温度高于７９０℃（即钢中残留的铁素体量低于１１．２％），并经高温回火后，它的抗拉强度、屈服强度以及常温冲击韧性都有明显的提高，钢的氢脆敏感性也得到改善．初步认为亚温淬火细化了晶粒和组织是各项性能获得改善的主要原因．     

回火温度对Ni—Cr—Al硬弹合金组织和性能的影响

研究了Ｎｉ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ硬弹合金的组织和性能，实验结果表明，不同的回火温度析出γ、（Ｎｉ３Ａｌ）相和富Ｃｒ（α）相的颗粒大小与分布状态亦不同，在５５０℃，５ｈ回火处理时，析出γ、（Ｎｉ３Ａｌ）相的周围产生大量的富Ｃｒ（α）相，颗粒细小，弥散分布，使合金的咸底和弯曲强度有明显地提高。     

回火温度对Ni－Cr－Al硬弹合金组织和性能的影响

研究了Ｎｉ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ硬弹合金的组织和性能．实验结果表明，不同的回火温度析出γ＇（Ｎｉ_３Ａｌ）相和富Ｃｒ（α）相的颗粒大小与分布状态亦不同．在５５０℃，５ｈ回火处理时，析出γ＇（Ｎｉ_３Ａｌ）相的周围产生大量的富Ｃｒ（α）相，颗粒细小，弥散分布，使合金的硬度和弯曲强度有明显地提高．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.