灰树花液体培养工艺的研究

对灰树花液体培养工艺进行了系统的研究．通过单因子试验优化筛选了适于灰树花的液体培养基和摇瓶培养条件，结果表明，适宜的培养基组成为：玉米粉50g几、麸皮20g／L、KH2PO41g／L、MgSO40．5g／L、VB1 0．01g／L最适摇瓶培养条件为：培养温度25℃、摇床转速160r／min、pH值6．0、接种量10％、装液量120ml／500ml、培养时间6d、最高茵丝体干重达16．8g／L。     

茶薪菇液体发酵条件的研究

采用液体摇瓶培养法,对茶薪菇液体发酵的培养基pH、最适温度、摇瓶装量、摇瓶转速及不同液体培养基配方进行了探讨,结果表明,茶薪菇液体发酵的培养基初始pH为6.0-6.5,最适温度为25℃,摇瓶装量为50-70ml/250ml三角瓶,摇瓶转速为120-150rpm,最适培养基配方为以麸皮为主要成分的培养基。     

桑肠杆菌VL4-3转化阿魏酸生产香兰素

对能转化阿魏酸生成香兰素的一株桑肠杆菌VL4-3的发酵培养基、发酵培养条件、种子培养基和种子培养条件进行优化.确定了液体发酵的最佳培养基:麸皮10g/L,豆粕1g/L,氯化钠0.5g/L,硫酸亚铁0.5g/L,pH=8;最佳发酵培养条件:接种量10%,摇瓶装液量10%,阿魏酸最大加入量10g/L,37℃,100r/min,避光培养12d;最佳种子培养基:牛肉膏蛋白胨培养基;最佳种子培养条件:25℃,100r/min,24h.在上述优化发酵条件下,发酵液中香兰素最大浓度为2 262.43mg/L,最大转化率为28.87%.     

蛹虫草液体发酵培养基的筛选

本文为了获得在蛹虫草液体发酵培养条件下,菌丝体干重得率和干菌丝体多糖含量综合较高的培养基.通过精选15个培养基配方进行了液体摇瓶发酵试验.结果表明:筛选出的4号作为最适培养基,其菌丝体干重得率为23.32g/L,干菌丝体多糖含量为4.27%.     

红曲色素液体深层酵工艺研究

本报道了以玉米为主要原料,采用红曲霉菌,通过液体深层发酵生产红曲色素的最佳培养基组成及其相关工艺条件的选择。摇瓶结果表明,按最佳培养基配方,以8-10%的接种量,在32℃经过72-96hrs的摇瓶培养,发酵液红色素色价基本稳定在120u/ml。最高达150-160u/ml,湿菌体收率为培养液的12%,湿菌体色价为800-1000u/g。     

降解胆固醇的假单胞菌DGC-2的发酵培养基和培养条件

从动物粪便样品中分离出一株胆固醇氧化酶活力较高的DGC-2菌株,经鉴定为假单胞菌.利用单因子实验和正交试验对DGC-2菌株产胆固醇氧化酶摇瓶发酵的培养基及培养条件进行优化.其产酶的最适培养基为:蔗糖5 g/L,酵母粉3 g/L,牛肉膏1 g/L,吐温-80 1 g/L,胆固醇1 g/L,NH4NO31 g/L,KH2PO40.25 g/L,MgSO4.7H2O 0.25 g/L,FeSO40.001 g/L;最适培养条件为:初始pH6.5,接种量8.0%(v/v),32℃培养50h.在最适培养基及最适培养条件下,胆固醇氧化酶的活力可达到712 U/L.     

内生真菌Hd3菌株发酵条件优化研究

利用Plackett-Burman设计和响应面设计方法对Hd3菌株的发酵条件进行了优化研究,确定了最佳培养基组成及培养条件.试验结果表明;Hd3菌株的摇瓶培养基配方为葡萄糖24.71 g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 1.08 g/L,土豆244.17 g/L.发酵条件为pH 6～7,250 mL三角瓶装90 mL发酵液,接入9×103 cfu/mL菌量,31℃培养9 d.     

女贞（Ligustrun lucidum Ait）内生真菌抑菌活性及发酵条件初探

从女贞茎、叶中分离到21株内生真菌,分别用PDA,YPD和NHK培养基摇瓶发酵培养后获得各菌株发酵液,以E.Coli,B.Subtilis作为测试菌株,寻找最优化产次生代谢产物的发酵条件,综合抑菌活性分析后得出,女贞内生真菌液体培养的最适碳源是蔗糖和淀粉,最适氮源是胰蛋白胨,摇瓶速度为120r/min,瓶装量为70ml/250ml,最适pH7.0,培养时间12天.     

L-乳酸米根霉发酵条件优化研究

运用正交试验设计理论,对高产L-乳酸突变株NAF-032的最佳摇瓶发酵条件进行了研究,确定了最佳的发酵培养基和发酵条件.最佳发酵培养基为(g/L):葡萄糖160,氯化铵2,KH2PO4 0.3,MgSO4·7H2O 0.25,ZnSO4·7H2O 0.08.最佳培养条件为:34℃,摇床转速200 r/min,250 mL三角瓶装培养液50 mL,一次性添加CaCO380 g/L用于调节pH值.在最适发酵条件下,米根霉NAF-032的摇瓶发酵产L-乳酸产量达123.3 g/L.     

重组胸腺素α1在大肠杆菌中的融合表达及培养条件的优化

采用三角摇瓶来摸索BL21(DE3)/pET28A-Tα1菌种表达目的蛋白的最优发酵条件,并在此基础上在Biotop CF-5L自动控制发酵罐中,利用补料分批培养技术,流加甘油,进行发酵培养;利用Western blotting进行发酵产物鉴定. 摇瓶培养最优条件:10%接种量、25 mL LB培养基、37 ℃培养, 0.02 g/mL的甘油做碳源,接种后4 h加入终浓度为0.75 mmol/L的IPTG,诱导3h后目的蛋白表达量最高. BL21(DE3)/pET28A-Tα1菌种在Biotop CF-5L自动控制发酵罐中的条件为:以10%的接种量接种到3L发酵培养基中,设定溶氧40%,pH7.0,温度37 ℃,通气量3 L/min,快速流加甘油60 g ,培养4 h后,加入终浓度为0.75 mmol/L的IPTG,诱导3 h后终止发酵. 发酵罐中获得的菌体量为36 g/L,蛋白表达率为10%左右.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-