离心风机双出风道清选装置及其应用

介绍了离心风机双出风道清选装置的清选原理,参数选择,及其在谷物联合收获机,小型脱粒机和谷物清选机上的应用,地于设计双出风道清选装置,有一定的参考价值。     

微型谷物联合收割机清选系统试验

以微型谷物联合收割机清选系统为研究对象,以二级扬谷器转速、吸杂风机转速为试验因素,以籽粒清洁率、清选损失率、籽粒破碎率为试验指标进行了清选性能回归试验,建立了籽粒清洁率和清选损失率回归数学模型。利用加权优化法进行参数优化,得到较优运动参数组合为:二级扬谷器、吸杂风机转速分别为1 177r/min、2 948 r/min。在优化参数下,进行了优化结果验证试验以及清选系统对喂入量和物料状态的适应性试验。试验结果可为微型谷物联合收割机清选系统的设计提供依据。     

新型谷物输送-分离-清选复合装置

针对小型谷物联合收获机清选系统体积庞大和振动强烈等问题,研制出一种用于谷物脱出物输送、分离和清选的复合装置。该装置融合了螺旋输送、筛孔分离和气流清选等功能,体积小、振动弱,可实现谷物脱出物在输送过程中有效分离茎秆,清选装置的清选能力得到提升。通过室内试验,得出复合装置最优工作参数。在最优参数下,复合装置的籽粒破碎率为0.27%,清选损失率为0.18%,夹带损失率为0.45%,清洁率高于98%,清选能力可达977.4 kg/h。     

双风道圆筒筛清选机构麦稻性能试验与参数优化

本文对宽度为700mm的双风道圆筒筛清选机构在试验台上进行了性能试验,获得了较优参数组合,并在实验验证基础上,分析了各种参数对清选性能影响的变化规律.试验结果表明,双风道圆筒筛清选机构与单风道圆筒筛清选机构相比提高清选能力24.5%,减小前筛直径16.7%,适应小麦、水稻的清选喂入量为1.4～2.0kg/s.     

悬挂式联合收割机清选装置的试验

对轴流脱粒的小型悬挂谷物联合收割机风筛式清选装置的流场分布进行试验研究，并采用高速摄影显示其清选过度，在此基础上，分析了该装置的清选机理及物料运动规律．通过对比试验和旋转回归试验，阐明了其结构和运动参数及物料状态对各项清选指标的影响规律，获得了较优参数组合．     

粮食烘干试验台的开发与研究

谷物在不同的温度、湿度条件下具有不同的干燥特性.探索和掌握谷物在不同大气条件下的干燥规律对谷物烘干机的设计和参数选择具有指导意义.本文研究开发的粮食烘干过程的温度在线监测和烘干自动控制系统,可在室内模拟谷物的干燥过程,进而为烘干机的设计与开发提供参考和依据.     

双风机圆筒筛清选机构的试验与参数优化

分析了单风机圆筒筛清选机构清选质量低的原因,在试验基础上建立了双风机圆筒筛清选机构的清选性能数学模型,优化确定了最佳参数组合,并进行了验证试验。装机检测结果表明,清选性能明显改善。     

双风机圆筒筛清选机构离心风机位置参数的确定

将双风机圆筒筛清选机构作为联合收割机清选系统时清选质量不理想的原因在于离心风机位置参数未达到台架试验最优值，为此本文在试验基础上建立了双风机圆筒筛清选机构的清选性能数学模型。在确定最佳运动、结构参数的基础上，给出了通过调整离心、横流风机运动参数来适应离心风机位置参数变化的具体方案。验证试验结果表明该方案满足清选性能要求。     

径向进气风扇应用于收获机械清选系统的研究

提要本文介绍了应用于收获机械清选系统的径向进气风扇的设计计算方法,并以中型脱粒机清选风良为倒作了应用计算.将设计的径向进气风扇与离心风扇在脱粒机和清选试验台上.进行了性能对比试验,证明了径向进气风扇应用于谷物收获机械的清选系统具有显著的优点.     

油菜籽干燥工艺的研究

薄层干燥是研究在一定温度、压力和湿度条件下,谷物水分随时间的变化规律,并得出其干燥方程.本文用薄层干燥实验台进行了油菜籽的薄层干燥试验,确定了各参数(介质温度、湿度,谷物的初始温度、水分)对干燥速度的影响程度,建立了油菜籽薄层干燥的数学模型,并依据油菜籽的干燥特性,确定油菜籽干燥的合理工艺及工作参数,并结合玉米、水稻的干燥工艺及作业参数,研究一种适合油菜籽、玉米、水稻等物料的干燥设备,实现一机多用,提高设备利用率.工作时,通过对干燥设备的调整实现预热-干燥-缓苏-冷却和预热-干燥-冷却的工艺以及实现适合三种作物不同的干燥作业参数.     

光合细菌的分离鉴定及其对废水净化效果研究

为筛选能够高效净化当地废水的光合细菌,采用双层平板法,从宜宾当地废水中分离得到1株光合细菌,将其命名为YBX-1,并对该菌株进行形态学和生理生化实验,鉴定为红色假单胞菌.该菌株的最适生长条件为:45 W的白炽灯为光源,pH值为6.0~6.5,接种量为15%~20%.该菌株对宜宾本地3种废水的净化能力与外购对照菌株相当,最高CODCr去除率可以达到63.2%,具有潜在的应用价值.     

汽车排气加热对CO、HC净化效果的影响

论述了车用汽油机排气中CO、HC的净化机理与方法，通过实验探讨了加热汽车排气是否有助于提高对排气中CO、HC的净化效果。     

Antibodies to paired helical filaments in Alzheimer's disease do not recognize normal brain proteins

During ageing of the human brain, and particularly in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (AD), many neurones progressively accumulate abnormal cytoplasmic fibres, called paired helical filaments (PHF). Each such fibre consists of a pair of intermediate (10 nm) filaments twisted into a double helix with a periodicity of 160 nm. PHF accumulate in large perikaryal masses, called neurofibrillary tangles, and are also found in degenerating cortical neurites that form neurite plaques. The density of PHF-containing neurites and cell bodies correlates with the degree of dementia and the extent of loss of cholinergic neurotransmitter function in AD. Recently, we demonstrated that PHF from human cerebral cortex are large, rigid polymers with unusual molecular properties, including insolubility in SDS, urea and other denaturing solvents and apparent resistance to protease digestion. These properties have so far prevented complete purification and analysis of the constituents of PHF. Based on their insolubility, we have developed a new method of preparing highly enriched PHF fractions and have raised an antiserum that is highly specific for PHF. We report here that this antiserum specifically labels PHF, free of any associated normal fibrous proteins and, unexpectedly, it reacts with neither neurofilaments nor any other normal cytoskeletal protein in brain sections or on immunoblotted gels. These anti-PHF antibodies have been used for the specific detection of Alzheimer-type PHF and in the search for cross-reacting antigens in various tissues, and are suitable for immunoaffinity purification of PHF. Our results indicate that PHF contain determinants that are not shared with normal neuronal fibrous proteins.     

Rat liver protein linking chemical and immunological detoxification systems.

Mammals have separate enzymatic and cellularly mediated detoxification systems. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) protect against xenobiotic chemicals which continuously enter the body, largely through mucous membranes. These enzymes catalyse the conjugation of glutathione with a wide variety of electrophilic compounds rendering them non-toxic. Mammals also mount a cellular immunological response on entry of foreign cells, viruses or macromolecules into the body. T lymphocytes mobilize at the site of foreign body entry and secrete protein messengers called lymphokines. Secondary to T lymphocytes, macrophages concentrate at the infection site and function in antigen processing and phagocytosis. In vitro, macrophage movement is arrested by one class of lymphokines known as macrophage migration inhibitory factors (MIFs). We report here the purification of milligram quantities of a unique multifunctional protein from rat liver which links enzymatic and immunological detoxification systems. This protein actuates both GST and MIF activity and matches the primary structure of a human MIF in 25 out of 26 amino-terminal amino acids. Primary structure comparisons revealed significant similarity between GSTs and MIF. The glutathione affinity chromatography purification described here yields a 100-fold increase in obtaining MIF and will aid understanding of its precise biological function.     

焦炉煤气净化工艺研究

面对越来越大的环境和能源压力,对传统的煤气净化工艺进行改进以减少焦化工艺废气中有毒污染物的排放非常必要。阐述了焦化生产工艺中产生的污染物,提出了一种相对可行的新型煤气净化工艺,为解决焦化废气处理难题探索出了新途径。     

Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach

Small synthetic molecules called growth-hormone secretagogues (GHSs) stimulate the release of growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary. They act through GHS-R, a G-protein-coupled receptor for which the ligand is unknown. Recent cloning of GHS-R strongly suggests that an endogenous ligand for the receptor does exist and that there is a mechanism for regulating GH release that is distinct from its regulation by hypothalamic growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH). We now report the purification and identification in rat stomach of an endogenous ligand specific for GHS-R. The purified ligand is a peptide of 28 amino acids, in which the serine 3 residue is n-octanoylated. The acylated peptide specifically releases GH both in vivo and in vitro, and O-n-octanoylation at serine 3 is essential for the activity. We designate the GH-releasing peptide 'ghrelin' (ghre is the Proto-Indo-European root of the word 'grow'). Human ghrelin is homologous to rat ghrelin apart from two amino acids. The occurrence of ghrelin in both rat and human indicates that GH release from the pituitary may be regulated not only by hypothalamic GHRH, but also by ghrelin.     

桉叶素精制工艺初步研究

以含60%桉叶素的粗桉叶油为原料,研究了采用减压蒸馏法和熔融结晶法提纯桉叶素的工艺.实验结果表明,利用减压蒸馏法可将含60%桉叶素的桉叶油纯化至80%左右,熔融结晶法能进一步将含桉叶素80%的桉叶油纯化到87%.联合减压蒸馏法和熔融结晶法是一种操作简单的纯化桉叶素方法.     

散热器型芯烘烤窑净化系统中分离器的设计研究

为解决铸铁散热器生产环境污染、产品成品率及产品质量低下等问题,笔者研制了XWJ-1型消烟雾化净化系统。该系统是根据乡镇企业实际状况,在原烘烤窑内采用烟道重新配置、油烟预处理、水雾化冷却、分离污染物、净化排放五步骤设计。通过6年多的试验运行和改进,结果证明,使用XWJ-1型油烟雾化净化系统,可以把高温、高浓度烟气中的焦油和有害气体减少90%,并分离净化到符合国家环保排放标准要求(GB9078-1996,GB16297-1996),较好地解决了热能利用、污染物回收利用等问题,提高了制芯及散热器的成品率及其质量,使企业经济效益显著提高。     

扁核木叶蛋白的提取及分离和纯化研究

本实验主要对扁核木叶蛋白的提取、分离和纯化进行了研究。从扁核木叶片中提取叶蛋白,用20%～80%硫酸铵沉淀分级盐析叶蛋白,采用葡聚糖G-150凝胶层析对扁核木叶蛋白进行脱盐和分离,以除去硫酸铵以及其他盐类,最终得到较纯的叶蛋白。结果表明,经盐析沉淀后的叶蛋白提取率达66%,层析纯化后的扁核木叶蛋白提取率较高,达74%,实验基本达到了纯化效果。     

玫瑰茄花青素的提取分离研究进展

综述了近年来国内外应用溶剂提取法、微波辅助提取法、超声波辅助提取法、膜过滤及树脂吸附纯化等方法对玫瑰茄花青素的提取、分离和纯化的最新研究进展。这些方法仍存在提取温度高、溶剂回收难和设备可靠性差等问题,应用新型低温提取技术,如超临界/亚临界流体萃取、高静压提取以及生物酶技术等,是今后玫瑰茄花青素提取分离的发展方向。