PBL加劲型矩形钢管混凝土不等宽T型节点受拉性能

PBL加劲肋兼有加劲肋和剪力连接件的双重优势,T型节点主管采用PBL加劲型矩形钢管混凝土是一种新型钢-混组合结构,探明其破坏模式和承载力水平具有重要意义。基于矩形钢管混凝土T型节点受拉试验,设计了主管为PBL加劲型矩形钢管混凝土,支管为方钢管的不等宽T型节点受拉试件,其中,主管钢管宽厚比为27、支主管宽度比为0.4;通过非线性有限元数值模拟,从破坏模式、节点承载力、抗拉刚度及应力分布等方面分析PBL加劲肋对矩形钢管混凝土不等宽T型节点受拉力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:PBL加劲肋兼有加劲肋和剪力连接件的双重作用,可有效限制顶板被掀起,提高节点顶板面外抗弯承载力和抵抗局部变形的能力;能够明显改善不等宽T型节点的抗拉性能和抗疲劳性能,显著提高节点的抗拉刚度和节点承载力。     

主管内填混凝土对矩形钢管桁架受力性能影响

为了解主管内填混凝土对矩形钢管桁架受力性能的影响,在试验研究的基础上,进行了主管内填混凝土对矩形钢管桁架结构节点、杆件承载力和刚度的影响分析,并探讨了其失效机理。结果显示:主管内填混凝土改变了节点的失效模式,但节点仍然是桁架结构的薄弱部位;主管内填混凝土能够明显提高受压节点的承载力和刚度,但受拉节点的承载力和刚度提高程度不明显;主管内填混凝土能够很好地协助受压主管受力,并提高受压主管刚度,而受拉主管的承载力和刚度提高程度不明显;对受压支管承载力有一定影响,而对受拉支管影响很小。探讨了目前规程关于受压节点的破坏模式和承载力计算,以及主管内填混凝土后的矩形钢管桁架结构变形的计算,提出了考虑节点变形影响的实用计算方法,为主管内填混凝土矩形钢管桁架结构的应用提供参考。     

矩形钢管混凝土T、Y型节点受压性能试验

为研究矩形钢管混凝土T、Y型节点受力性能,进行了7个矩形钢管混凝土T、Y型节点和1个矩形钢管Y型节点的受压试验,对节点的破坏模式及支主管宽度比β、内填混凝土对节点受压性能的影响进行了分析.试验结果表明:主管内填混凝土对矩形钢管混凝土T、Y型节点受压性能的影响明显,主管内填混凝土后,主管侧壁局部鼓曲这一破坏模式得到了避免,随支主管宽度比的减小,节点区域局部变形越明显,节点刚度越小;矩形钢管混凝土T、Y型受压节点承载力根据相应的破坏模式进行计算,当弦杆长度很短、支主管宽度比很小时,采用局部承压破坏模式进行计算;当弦杆长度较长时,往往发生弦杆弯曲破坏.     

搭接N型方圆钢管节点极限承载力研究

对搭接N型方主管、圆支管的相贯节点进行了非线性有限元分析,揭示了平面N型搭接节点的受力性能,描述了搭接节点3个参数(支主管径宽比、主管宽厚比、支主管厚度比)的变化对节点极限承载力的影响,同时分析了主管荷载对节点极限承载力的影响,提出了影响系数.研究表明,主管承受轴力对节点极限承载力影响较大,规范公式未考虑主管轴力的影响,其计算结果与有限元计算结果和实验结果有一定的误差,有必要考虑主管应力对节点极限承载力的影响.     

方钢管轻骨料混凝土加劲TY型节点承载力研究

对方钢管轻骨料混凝土加劲T型节点和基本型节点进行了支管轴压试验,考察了加劲板和支主管截面宽度比对节点破坏模式、承载力等受力性能的影响.试验结果显示:节点的典型破坏模式有主管弯曲、主管上翼缘凹陷、主管腹板凸曲、支主管焊缝开裂、支管侧倾、加劲板屈曲和加劲板焊缝开裂等;加劲节点的承载力取决于包含加劲板应力扩散效应和轻骨料混凝土约束效应的方主管抗压弯强度和支主管焊缝承载强度,加劲节点的极限承载力较基本型节点提高15.0%～48.3%.建立了TY型节点方主管抗压弯计算模型和支主管焊缝开裂计算模型,推导了考虑加劲板应力扩散效应和轻骨料混凝土约束效应的加劲TY型节点方主管压弯承载力计算式和支主管焊缝开裂承载力计算式,验证了加劲TY型节点承载力计算式的精度.     

主方支圆钢管轻骨料混凝土K型节点承载力

为研究主方支圆高强钢管轻骨料混凝土有间隙K型节点的承载力,对支管间设置加劲板的节点和基本型节点进行了主管轴压静力加载试验,考察了加劲板和支主管偏心距对节点破坏模式和承载力等受力性能的影响.试验结果表明:与受拉支管相连的主管鼓起、支主管焊缝开裂、支管根部屈曲、加劲板焊缝开裂和加劲板屈曲是该类节点的典型破坏模式;受压支管和主管受压区内轻骨料混凝土未发生明显破坏,受拉支管和主管受拉区内轻骨料混凝土发生轻微破碎;加劲节点的屈服承载力和极限承载力较基本型节点分别提高43.4%～69.6%和25.9%～43.1%.基于有间隙K型节点试验破坏模式,推导了考虑加劲板应力传递效应和轻骨料混凝土约束效应的与受拉支管相连的主管凸曲承载力计算式和支主管焊缝开裂承载力计算式.     

方钢管混凝土柱隔板贯通节点静力拉伸试验

为研究方铜管混凝土柱与钢梁受拉翼缘连接的结构性能,基于隔板贯通节点承载力理论,对11个十字形节点试件选行了静力拉伸试验研究结果表明,圆弧倒角型隔板贯通节点具有较好的承载力和延性,影响节点承载力的主要因素是隔板的厚度与浇注孔直径,其次是钢管的宽厚比和隔板外伸长度;在铜管中填充混凝土有利于提高节点的屈服承载力和刚度,但混凝土的强度对节点承载力影响不大．试验值与理论计算值比较分析表明,隔板贯通节点局部抗拉承载力理论计算公式对于填充混凝土的试件偏于保守,但过高估计了空铜管试件的承载力．     

X型方钢管相贯节点抗弯刚度的影响因素

分析相贯节点几何参数对刚度的影响,有助于了解相贯节点的抗弯机理。以X型方钢管相贯节点为研究对象,利用ANSYS有限元软件,通过节点弯矩-转角曲线分析相贯节点支管与主管宽度比β、主管宽厚比γ以及支管与主管厚度比τ对平面内抗弯刚度的影响。结果表明:γ和τ一定时,节点抗弯刚度随着β的增加逐渐增大,在线性段增加幅度较大;τ和β一定时,节点抗弯刚度随着γ的降低而增大,在线性段增加明显;γ和β一定时,随着τ的变化,节点抗弯刚度基本不变。影响节点抗弯刚度的主要几何参数是β和γ,τ的影响不显著,但随着β的增加,τ的影响有所提高。     

内隐藏焊缝对N形方圆钢管节点受力性能影响

为研究N形方圆钢管搭接节点中被搭接管内隐藏部分和主管间焊接与否对节点受力性能的影响,设计制作了4个N形方主管圆支管搭接节点足尺试件进行极限承载力试验.试验结果表明:被搭接管受拉时,其内隐藏部分和主管间不焊将降低节点承载力,且搭接率越大,降低幅度越大.此外,内隐藏部分未焊接的节点均发生了焊缝断裂破坏.以试验为基础,建立了非线性有限元分析模型,对324个不同几何参数、支管不同轴力性质下内隐藏部分焊接与不焊接的N形方圆钢管搭接节点进行了有限元分析,研究表明:内隐藏部分未焊接对被搭接管受压的节点承载力影响较小,但对被搭接管受拉的节点极限承载力影响较大.针对实际工程中钢管桁架均为先组装再焊接导致内隐藏部分难以施焊的情况,给出了设计建议.     

大曲率主管的圆钢管X型节点轴压承载力研究

为研究大曲率主管的圆钢管X型节点轴压性能,采用数值模拟方法对96个不同支、主管外径比β、主管径厚比2γ和主管曲率半径R的圆钢管节点进行有限元参数分析。有限元参数分析结果表明:支、主管外径比β对节点的破坏模式影响较大;曲率半径R对节点破坏模式影响较小。小β值节点主管出现局部凹陷之后产生一定薄膜效应导致承载力出现一定回升;大β值节点试件主管仅出现椭圆化变形无承载力回升现象。当β=0.8时,随着曲率变化节点极限承载力变化较小。当β=0.2、0.4和0.6时,主管曲率半径大于12倍主管直径时,极限承载力变化较小;主管曲率半径小于12倍主管直径时,极限承载力随曲率增大而有所提高。对于相同的主管径厚比2γ,主管曲率半径大于12倍主管直径时,极限承载力变化较小;主管曲率半径小于12倍主管直径时,极限承载力随曲率增大而有所提高。在欧洲钢结构规范(Eurocode3 Design of Steel Structures)中的主管平直的圆钢管X型节点极限承载力计算公式的基础上,采用乘以修正系数的方式拟合出大曲率主管的圆钢管X型节点轴压承载力计算公式,为该类节点的设计提供参考。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.