弹性波时域仿真的两个问题

为了解决医学超声探测的动态计算机仿真问题，将计算电磁学的时域有限差分(FDTD)方法应用于弹性机械波的模拟．建立了模拟弹性波时的有限差分模型，给出了弹性媒质运动学方程的FDTD离散形式，提出了复杂媒质边界的处理方法，用完全匹配层吸收边界截断计算区域．数值实验验证了上述模型和计算方法的有效性．     

Davidson-Cole色散媒质的CPML吸收边界

为了应用时域有限差分(FDTD)法处理Davidson-Cole色散媒质的电磁问题,将已应用于常规媒质(非色散媒质)的卷积完全匹配层(CPML)吸收边界加以改进。改进后的CPML吸收边界具有实现复杂度低的优势。两个算例初步证实了该边界的良好吸收效果。     

Z变换应用于色散媒质FDTD计算的研究

时域有限差分（FDTD）方法是计算时域电磁散射和辐射的一种简单有效的方法,仅通过一次运算就可得到系统的宽频带信息,因此被广泛应用于求解电磁场问题．但在使用FDTD计算和仿真电磁波在色散媒质中传播特性的时候,由于介电参数的复杂性,往往给计算带来一些困难,因此将Z变换理论应用到色散媒质中的FDTD计算当中,对麦克斯韦方程做了修改,使得FDTD计算式独立于色散媒质函数,并给出色散媒质中与频率有关的FDTD表达式,仿真了二维情况下电磁波在自由空间和色散媒质中的传播．此方法具有计算量小、实现简单等优点．     

N阶色散媒质的瞬态传播特性

本文结合Ｚ－变换对常规的时域有限差分法（ＦＤＴＤ）进行了修正，建立了一种新的Ｎ阶色散媒质瞬态特性的时域分析方法，使ＦＤＴＤ能分析和处理与频率有关的电磁场问题，具有方法简洁、易实现等优点，为验证此方法的有效性和可靠性，对Ｎ阶色散媒质的反射系数进行了分析与计算，并与解析结果进行了比较，证明了方法的正确性，同时，采用此时域方法对瞬变电磁波在Ｎ阶色散媒质中的诚传播特性进行了分析和讨论。     

等离子体涂覆导弹的电磁散射特性分析

研究了涂覆导弹的隐身特性,分析了等离子参数选取对隐身特性的影响。利用媒质参数〖AKε～D〗(ω)的Debye方程与时域场量间的关系式,将移位算子法应用到色散媒质中的FDTD计算当中,对麦克斯韦方程作了修改,并给出了色散媒质中与频率有关的FDTD表达式。通过仿真并与其它方法结果相比较,验证了该算法计算色散媒质散射特性的有效性,表明等离子体对减小目标RCS具有显著效果。     

一种截断Cole-Cole色散媒质CPML的FDTD方案

近年来,基于帕德(Padé)近似法,一种面向一般Cole-Cole色散媒质的时域有限差分(FDTD)方案被提出.为了应用该方案处理实际的电磁问题,发展了一种对应的卷积完全匹配层(CPML)吸收边界.该吸收边界具有复杂度低的优势,便于问题空间和吸收边界的统一处理.通过一维、三维2个算例,初步证实了该边界的良好吸收效果.     

基于Z变换法对双负媒质传播散射的FDTD分析

文章研究了分析双负媒质电磁散射规律的一种方法,双负媒质是介电系数和磁导系数均为负值的介质材料.引入色散Drude模型后,本构关系在时域成为卷积关系,因此将Z变换理论应用到双负媒质中的时域有限差分(FDTD)中,使FDTD可计算双负媒质中电磁波的散射和传播.该文对麦克斯韦方程做了修改,并给出双负媒质中介电系数和磁导系数均为频率函数的FDTD表达式.最后,数值仿真了电磁波与双负媒质平板的相互作用;计算了覆盖了双负媒质金属柱的电磁散射,探讨了双负媒质在隐身技术方面的应用前景.     

时域有限差分法通用可视化计算的面向对象设计

运用面向对象方法设计了时域有限关分法可视化计算的通用软件，通过将网格处的媒质参数抽象成单独的类，与迭代过程分离，使得该程序广泛适用于各种计算模型，解决了传统的结构化程序只针对特定问题的局限，针对色散问题差分格式的特殊性，详细介绍了色散媒质参数的处理过程，还讨论了用一般媒质来实现理想匹配层吸收边界条件的方法，计算结果用DirectX可实现实时灰度图的显示。     

采用PML吸收边界条件的FDTD法在分析波导不连续性中的应用

研究采用理想匹配层（PML）吸收边界条件的时域有限差分法（PML-FDTD法）在分析波导不连续性问题中的应用，首先通过模拟正弦调制的高斯脉冲在波导中的传输来验证PML的吸收性能，然后将采用PML吸收边界的FDTD法应用于矩形波导填充有限媒质时的S参数和圆形波导中矩形薄膜片反射系数的计算，数值结果与巳有文献比较一致，说明了PML吸收边界条件用于FDTD法分析波导问题的有效性。     

使用Z变换FDTD法计算仿真色散媒质中电磁场

在使用FDTD法计算仿真电磁波在复杂色散媒质中的传播时，由于介电参数的复杂性往往给实现带来很大的困难，因此有必要对常规的Maxwell方程做出修改，使得FDTD迭代式能更独立于媒质函数，有利于程序通用化；基于此使用Z变换法把FDTD法应用到复杂色散媒质电磁场计算中；最后给出了一维情况下的仿真图．使用上述z变换法可以简便对于色散媒质FDTD法计算和编程．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.