基于深度展开的SAR大斜视RD成像算法

大斜视角条件下的合成孔径雷达SAR回波信号具有方位向和距离向严重耦合、大距离徙动等特点,采用常规的距离多普勒RD算法成像,会引起方位向的散焦以及空变等问题。为了改善大斜视SAR在成像过程中存在的问题,提出了一种基于深度展开网络的SAR大斜视可学习距离多普勒成像方法。该方法将RD成像方法与深度学习结合,利用RD成像的步骤构建了基于深度展开网络的RD学习成像网络结构,将回波数据作为网络输入来学习回波数据到大斜视SAR图像的成像过程。首先,在分析大斜视SAR回波信号模型的基础上确定了网络成像过程中的可学习参数;其次,根据成像过程设计大斜视SAR成像网络;最后,通过非监督训练的方法对网络进行训练,最终输出学习成像结果。点目标和面目标仿真结果表明,该方法可以有效抑制旁瓣,提高成像精度和计算效率,满足SAR在大斜视角下的成像要求。     

机载合成孔径雷达实时成像处理系统研究

为了实现对机载合成孔径雷达(SAR)数据的实时成像处理,提出了一种基于数据划分的机载合成孔径雷达实时成像处理系统的硬件平台结构,分析了它的优点和约束规则.根据机载SAR距离多普勒(RD)成像算法,提出了基于数据处理粒度的SAR成像处理实时性的分析方法,并对机载SAR实时成像处理系统进行了分析.给出了实时成像处理机的实现,并用实测数据的实时成像结果验证了理论分析的正确性.     

SAR距离-多普勒成像算法中的距离徙动及校正

在SAR距离-多普勒成像算法中，距离徙动会使距离向和方位向发生耦合，成像质量下降.典型的距离徙动校正插值算法有：最近邻插值、牛顿插值、辛格插值等.但以上算法的光滑性和收敛性不好，而三次样条函数具有连续的二阶导数，且可采用分段函数的形式，具有很好的光滑性和收敛性.作者用三次样条函数插值进行距离徙动校正，进行了点目标SAR仿真成像，得到了满意的仿真结果.     

基于改进极坐标格式算法的大斜视SAR成像方法

针对大斜视合成孔径雷达成像（SAR）模式下,回波存在较大的距离走动和严重的距离 方位交叉耦合等问题,对传统极坐标格式算法（PFA）进行改进,提出了一种基于改进的PFA算法的大斜视SAR成像方法。根据实际回波数据存储的形式,建立了大斜视SAR的斜距模型,通过对距离向与方位向的二维泰勒级数展开设计了一种斜距平面的二维插值函数,有效地提高了成像算法的聚焦深度。与传统PFA不同,斜距平面的距离展开能够避免回波数据的投影,所以改进的算法更适用于地形起伏不平的成像场景。仿真数据和实测数据分析验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于ENCS的FMCW SAR俯冲聚束成像方法

针对弹载调频连续波合成孔径雷达FMCW SAR俯冲聚束成像的特点,通过构造全时间距离走动校正函数,完成了距离走动校正;采用谱分析的方法进行方位多普勒解模糊处理,消除方位向频谱混叠;在方位向处理中,提出一种改进的非线性调频变标算法,补偿方位空变相位误差,实现了方位向的精确聚焦.点目标仿真实验验证了理论分析与所提成像方法的有效性.     

星载合成孔径雷达成像斜地校正算法研究

根据星载合成孔径雷达(SAR)斜地校正模型和校正原理,提出了基于离散傅里叶变换(DFT)的频域sinc插值算法.将SAR图像沿距离向做离散傅里叶变换,在不破坏原信号频谱的条件下,进行频谱中心补0,再做逆傅里叶变换,完成对图像的插值.用该方法对复图像和灰度图像进行斜地校正,证明两种不同图像的sinc插值方法在效果上是一致的,均可完成对能量图像的插值.用Radarsat的数据成像,对复图像、求模图像和量化灰度图像进行频域sinc插值,验证了算法的可行性和有效性.     

一种适用于GEO SAR远地点的改进SRC算法

针对地球同步轨道合成孔径雷达在远地点采用原有的等效直线模型速度和斜视角会出现复数,以及"Stop-and-Go"假设不成立的问题,进行了二次距离压缩算法(SRC)的改进,提出了一种新的信号模型,修正了成像算法中的补偿函数,而且采用高阶近似的方法得到了精确的方位向调频率,改进了方位向压缩函数.结果表明改进的二次距离压缩算法可以在合成孔径时间100s内聚焦远地点40km×40km的场景,且场景边缘点的峰值旁瓣比和积分旁瓣比与理论值非常接近.     

改进的波数域算法处理带有运动误差的机载SAR数据

机载SAR的一个关键问题就是准确的运动补偿.如果载机满足理想的匀速直线运动,传统的波数域算法是一种理想的成像算法,尤其在处理高斜视角和大孔径的SAR数据时,但它在处理带有运动误差的机载SAR数据时有一定的局限性,研究了改进的波数域算法,使之能与两步运动补偿技术结合,从而极大地扩展了波数域算法的应用范围.给出了仿真与原始数据成像结果.     

基于改进的RD成像算法的SAR点目标仿真

常用的RD算法对斜视角限制较严,而且RCMC插值较为复杂,降低了算法的效率。针对这一缺陷提出了在方位向分块处理的改进RD算法,从而提高了处理效率,改善了大斜视角对RD算法的限制,并通过计算机仿真以及实测数据验证了改进的RD算法的可行性。     

距离徙动校正对SAR方位移频类型干扰的影响

本文从距离-多普勒成像算法入手,分析了距离徙动校正的过程,指出方位移频干扰在忽视SAR系统二维耦合特性的条件下,会引入距离徙动校正的误差。文章通过视角与多普勒的紧密关系,推导了以视角作为自变量的移频干扰距离徙动校正误差表达式,分别对各种变量关系下误差量、距离包络分布形式进行了讨论,并给出了方位频移干扰能够正确方位聚焦的频移区间。最后的仿真结果验证了本文内容的正确性,为移频干扰的工程实现和应用提供有力参考。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.