结肠癌合并糖尿病的围手术期护理体会

目的:对结肠癌合并糖尿病患者,在围手术期进行护理干预,提高手术治愈率.方法:术前、术后加强心理、基础护理、同时采取有效的血糖控制措施及饮食指导.结果:本组23例均无1例发生并发症,达全部治愈.结论:肿瘤合并糖尿病患者,加强围手术期细致观察和护理,尤其是饮食护理及心里护理,能有效控制血糖,促使患者积极配合治疗,有效的合并症护理措施可控制病情发展.     

肿瘤手术患者家属焦虑、抑郁状况的调查

目的 探讨肿瘤手术前患者家属的焦虑、抑郁状况.方法 以Zung氏焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)对50例肿瘤手术患者家属及55例年龄及文化相当的健康人群进行测评.结果 患者家属组不同程度焦虑及抑郁状况的人数均高于健康人群组.焦虑标准分患者家属组与健康人群组之差别无统计学意义;抑郁总分与健康人群组之差别有统计学意义.结论 肿瘤患者家属的心理存在不同程度的焦虑及抑郁状况,在对患者进行心理护理的同时,亦应对患者家属进行适当的心理疏导.     

煤矿地区围手术期病人心理干预的研究

探讨煤矿地区围手术期患者的心理干预方法,缓解患者的各种心理问题,提高患者的手术成功率。研究术前心理干预对围手术期病人的重要性,特别关注煤矿地区井下意外事故造成肢体残缺或截瘫患者的心理干预。方法:选择我院2017年9月―2018年10月外科围手术期病人180例,分为观察组与对照组,对90例住院的手术患者实施术前心理干预,术后跟踪观察,对患者及家属进行问卷调查。对90例住院患者只做普通的术前护理,对两组病人进行比较、总结、进行统计学处理得出结论。围手术期对各类手术病人(包括截肢、截瘫患者)进行心理干预,简单易行,有效的减少了治疗成本,降低了患者的家庭经济负担,增强了治疗效果。     

AECOPD病人应用BiPAP呼吸机治疗的依从性因素调查及护理干预

目的:通过对需使用BiPAP呼吸机治疗的AECOPD患者及家属进行调查,分析影响使用呼吸机依从性的因素,并探讨护理干预的效果。方法:选取2010年1月至2011年3月在呼吸科住院需使用BiPAP呼吸机治疗的AECOPD患者120例,调查患者对使用BiPAP呼吸机的顾虑因素及家属对呼吸机治疗的认同程度,根据患者特点进行护理干预,并比较干预前后患者家属对使用呼吸机治疗的认同程度变化和患者使用呼吸机依从率变化。结果:使用前患者担忧呼吸机安全的占34.17%,有恐惧感的占26.67%,对治疗费用有顾虑的占18.33%,对今后可能购机费用担忧的占33.33%,对是否会出现呼吸机依赖担忧的占12.50%。使用呼吸机前患者家属完全同意、不确定、不同意的比例分别为58.33%、16.67%和24.17%,而患者的依从率为47.50%;护理干预后,患者家属完全同意、不确定、不同意的比例分别为94.17%、2.50%和3.33%,而患者的依从率提高至93.30%。护理干预前后患者家属认同程度及患者依从性比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而患者家属认同程度改善与依从率提高具有明显的相关性(r=0.56)。结论:AECOPD病人应用BiPAP呼吸机治疗的依从性与多种因素有关,根据患者特点制定个体化的护理干预方案能明显提高患者治疗的依从性。     

洪灾区老年高血压患者血压波动现状分析

目的:探讨洪灾区老年高血压患者血压波动水平变化,以及其血压相关因素的影响.方法:选取我院抗洪救灾期间收治灾区单纯老年原发性高血压患者298例,对其常规行生化指标检测并随机分为心理干预组、对照组;比较24h动态血压监测(ABPM)及脉搏波传导速度(PWV);观察血压变异性(晨峰现象(MBPS)、血压变异(BPV))及血管僵硬度(脉压指数(PPI)、动态动脉硬化指数(AASI)、中心动脉压(CAP)及脉搏波传导速度(PWV))变化情况.结果:298例老年高血压患者在洪灾及重建过程中均出现血压波动明显.结论:洪灾及灾后重建易在老年人群血压水平处于应激状态.应在常规内科降压治疗的同时,给予联合心理干预、疏导措施,能有效提高临床控制血压疗效.     

护理干预在改善泌尿系恶性肿瘤患者家属状态焦虑中的作用

目的评估护理干预在改善泌尿系恶性肿瘤患者家属状态焦虑中的作用。方法123例泌尿系恶性肿瘤患者家属自愿者因护理干预方式不同而分为两组,患者入院时进行其状态焦虑（S—AI）和特质焦虑（T—AI）评分测评。实验组（63例）在患者手术前对其进行健康教育、心理支持等护理干预后进行其在患者手术中的S—AI评分测评;对照组（60例）未进行护理干预也进行其在患者手术中的S—AI评分测评。结果入院时两组T-AI,S—AI评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;手术中对照组S—AI评分高于实验组（P〈0．05）;且两组手术中s—AI评分与人院比较,实验组无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,对照组有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论护理干预能有效改善泌尿系恶性肿瘤患者家属状态焦虑程度。     

低体重婴幼儿先天性心脏病术后护理

目的:探讨低体重婴儿先天性心脏病的术后护理.方法:通过对32例心内术后婴儿的临床观察,采取的护理措施:加强呼吸道管理,恢复和维护肺功能,防止肺高压危象,预防和减少肺部并发症;加强心功能支持,减轻心脏负荷,加强营养支持,预防呼吸机依赖和进行呼吸肌功能锻炼等护理;严格执行各项操作规程以预防感染的发生.结果:通过32例婴儿先天性心脏病术后的护理,大大降低术后并发症,减少病死率,提高了手术成功率.结论:重视手术患者及家属的心理护理,注重知识的宣教,消除患者家属的疑虑,减少并发症发生,缩短病程,减轻患者及家属心理痛苦和负担.合理到位的术后护理是提高手术成功率、降低术后并发症的关键.     

心理干预对血透患者社会支持利用的影响

目的:了解武汉地区维持性血透患者的社会支持状况,并通过短程心理干预改变患者对社会支持的利用.方法:选取来自武汉市第一医院血液净化中心61例维持性血透患者,分为干预组及对照组.干预组患者应用健康教育,心理支持,情境治疗及对患者家属教育等短程心理干预方法,观察干预前后两组患者社会支持评定量表的得分情况.结果:干预组患者在心理干预后主观支持度由16.2±5.6上升到21.6±5.1,支持利用度由6.4±2.3上升到8.8±2.8,社会支持总分由32.5±8.1上升为38.9±8.7.而对照组前后差异无统计学意义.结论:短程心理干预可改善维持性血透患者对社会支持的利用.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术前沟通技巧

总结腹腔镜胆囊切除术前沟通技巧。方法:经过10余年的临床工作,通过对一千余例腹腔镜胆囊切除术术前沟通,逐渐总结了腹腔镜胆囊切除术前的一些技巧,主要分为1)一般状况,总结患者的病情,各项检查化验结果,说明病情,说明手术的适应症、禁忌症,麻醉方法等;2)手术中可能遇到的情况以及相应的准备事项;3)向患者及家属说明术后可能发生的伴随症状,相应处理措施应对方法;4)术后恢复过程及注意事项;5)手术后远期可能出现的并发症。结论:在临床工作中,医者运用灵活的沟通技巧,与患者进行有效的交流,是创建和谐医疗环境的关键所在。只有通过有效沟通,医生才能掌握患者的心理,才能取得患者的信赖,才能让患者主动配合,以达到治疗疾病的目的。     

肿瘤手术患者家属焦虑、抑郁状况的调查

目的探讨肿瘤手术前患者家属的焦虑、抑郁状况。方法以Zung氏焦虑自评量表（SAS）及抑郁自评量表（SDS）对50例肿瘤手术患者家属及55例年龄及文化相当的健康人群进行测评。结果患者家属组不同程度焦虑及抑郁状况的人数均高于健康人群组。焦虑标准分患者家属组与健康人群组之差别无统计学意义；抑郁总分与健康人群组之差别有统计学意义。结论肿瘤患者家属的心理存在不同程度的焦虑及抑郁状况，在对患者进行心理护理的同时，亦应对患者家属进行适当的心理疏导。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the