SIS/甲基丙烯酸酯接枝改性胶粘剂的研制

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、甲基丙烯酸丁酯(BMA)为单体,或以其混合物为接枝单体,对聚苯乙烯-聚异戊二烯-聚苯乙烯(SIS)进行接枝共聚制备溶剂型胶粘剂.研究了引发剂用量、单体配比、反应温度及反应时间对胶粘剂性能的影响.结果表明:单体MMA的适宜用量为SIS总质量的15%左右,BMA的用量为SIS质量的20%,MMA与BMA适宜配比为2∶1,引发剂用量为SIS总质量的1.0%,反应温度为85℃,反应时间为4 h左右.     

反相乳液聚合法制备阳离子型高分子絮凝剂Poly(DAC-AM)

以丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DAC)和丙烯酰胺(AM)为原料,通过反相乳液聚合技术,合成阳离子高分子聚合物乳液.讨论了引发剂种类、乳化剂种类、单体浓度及配比、油水体积比等因素对共聚产物的特性黏度和体系稳定性能的影响,确定了最佳反应条件.在单体物质的量比为2∶3,油水体积比为1∶1.2,引发剂为氧化-还原引发剂或高效水溶性引发剂的条件下,得到了溶解迅速且絮凝效果好的产品.并对产物进行了红外分析.     

乙醇/水介质中制备两亲性接枝共聚物PMMA-g-PEO

在乙醇/水介质中,以偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,通过聚氧乙烯大分子单体(PEO-MA)与甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)进行自由基共聚,制备了两亲性接枝共聚物PMMA-g-PEO.研究了醇/水比、大单体含量、引发剂用量、反应时间及反应温度对大单体和小单体转化率的影响.结果表明,共聚开始大单体的转化率大于小单体的,后期则相反;介质中乙醇的含量对反应有较大的影响.产物提纯后用FT-IR1、H-NMR对两亲性接枝共聚物的结构进行了表征.     

二元共聚物P(MA-AA)的合成工艺研究

介绍了马来酸酐(MA)与丙烯酸(AA)共聚的基本原理.探讨了共聚物P(MA-AA)的聚合反应中引发剂用量、聚合温度、单体配比、聚合时间等因素对螯合性能及分散性能的影响,通过改变引发剂滴加方式和氮气保护等工艺提升聚合物的皂洗能力.     

氯丁橡胶和MMA接枝共聚胶粘剂的研制

研制了氯丁橡胶(CR)与甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)接枝共聚胶粘剂,探讨了聚合反应温度、引发剂用量、单体MMA用量及加入方式、有无氮气保护和CR/溶剂配比对单体接枝率和接枝共聚产物性能的影响,确定了适宜反应条件和配方组成.     

核壳型叔碳氟碳共聚乳液的制备

以叔碳单体-丙烯酸酯类单体共聚物为核,有机氟单体-丙烯酸酯类单体共聚物为壳,采用种子乳液聚合方法制得了核壳型叔碳氟碳共聚乳液。讨论了乳化剂量、引发剂量、反应温度、恒温时间等对乳液聚合的影响,并对乳液进行了接触角、透射电镜表征。结果表明:反应温度为85℃,恒温时间为2 h,w(乳化剂)=3.5%,w(引发剂)=0.3%,制备的核壳型乳液性能较佳。     

聚丙烯酸酯/聚硅氧烷的分子设计与阻尼性能研究

以含乙烯基大分子硅单体与丙烯酸酯共聚,成功地制得了具有接枝结构的丙烯酸酯共聚乳液.该接枝共聚物的阻尼温域可跨越100 ℃,力学损耗因子(tan δ)最高可达到2.0.系统研究了大分子硅单体的用量、引发剂用量、乳化剂用量和丙烯酸酯单体的种类对共聚反应动力学的影响,并用动态力学谱表征了一系列共聚物的玻璃化转变.结果表明:甲基丙烯酸甲酯的引入对聚合转化率及稳定性有很大的影响;大分子硅单体的加入大大改善了丙烯酸酯共聚物的低温阻尼性能,而引发剂用量对共聚物的阻尼性能影响较小.     

抗盐性AA-AMPS共聚分散剂的合成

以丙烯酸(AA)与2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为共聚单体,过硫酸铵为引发剂,异丙醇为链转移剂,采用水溶液聚合法,合成了AA-AMPS共聚物.研究了引发剂用量、链转移剂用量及聚合反应温度等因素对聚合产物黏均分子质量的影响.实验结果表明,在n(AA)∶n(AMPS)=96∶4,引发剂质量分数(基于两种单体)为2%～5%,链转移剂质量比(基于两种单体)为0.30～0.95,单体质量分数(基于反应体系)为40%,反应温度在85～100℃,反应时间3 h的条件下,合成出了黏均分子质量在3900～10 000范围内的AA-AMPS共聚物.最后对产物进行了红外光谱分析.     

引发剂在淀粉基乳胶合成中的应用

总结了淀粉与乙烯基单体接枝共聚制备乳胶常用的引发剂,对各类引发剂的机理作了评述,讨论引发剂的选用对乳胶性能的影响.     

等离子体引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯和甲基丙烯酸2-(二甲胺)乙酯的共聚

利用等离子体对甲基丙烯酸甲酯与甲基丙烯酸2-(二甲胺)乙酯进行共聚反应的研究,考察了后聚合时间、放电时间、放电功率、单体配比对聚合转化率及单体共聚组成的影响,并用元素分析法测定了竞聚率.同时,本工作通过对一系列单体在等离子体引发条件下进行共聚,探讨等离子体引发共聚对单体的选择性规律.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.