渤海湾盆地第三系火山岩及其成因

对渤海湾盆地第三系火山岩及其成因进行的研究表明 ,渤海湾盆地火山岩主要为玄武岩 ,其次是辉绿岩 ,局部分布有少量安山岩、玄武安山岩、粗面岩、火山碎屑岩 ;辽河坳陷基本为高钾玄武岩 ;黄骅坳陷火山岩与济阳坳陷相似 ,既有高钾玄武岩 ,也有中钾玄武岩。全盆地范围内玄武岩基本上为碱性玄武岩 ,少量为亚碱性玄武岩。所有喷出相的火山岩 (包括玄武岩和火山碎屑岩 )中铕 (Eu)异常均不明显 ,δEu近于 1,因此岩石形成过程中未曾发生铕的亏损或富集事件。这说明原始玄武岩浆生成后 ,在整个上升和结晶过程中未受到地壳物质的强烈混染 ,各期玄武岩均是幔源原生岩浆固结的产物。而侵入相的辉绿岩中铕的含量则有明显的正异常 ,这可能与岩浆能量较弱、上升速度较慢及发生分离结晶作用有关。盆地内玄武岩是具有突出特征的板内玄武岩     

青藏措勤盆地下白垩统则弄群火山岩岩石地球化学特征

青藏高原措勤盆地早白垩世火山活动十分强烈，则弄群火山岩主要分布在措勤盆地中央隆起带的冈底斯构造岩浆岩带中则弄群以安山岩－英安岩－流纹岩钙碱性系列火山熔岩及火山碎屑岩为主，盆地北部坳陷带中火山活动相对较弱，见有少量玄武安山岩、安山岩。     

青藏措勤盆地下白垩统则弄群火山岩岩石地球化学特征

青藏高原措勤盆地早白垩世火山活动十分强烈,则弄群火山岩主要分布在措勤盆地中央隆起带的冈底斯构造岩浆岩带中,则弄群以安山岩—英安岩—流纹岩钙碱性系列火山熔岩及火山碎屑岩为主,盆地北部坳陷带中火山活动相对较弱,见有少量玄武安山岩、安山岩。则弄群火山岩岩石化学、地球化学特征分析表明,该火山岩形成于岛弧区构造环境中,这与古特提斯洋壳沿雅鲁藏布江结合带向北俯冲作用有关     

银根盆地苏红图组火山岩特征及其与油气的关系

苏红图组火山岩主要出露于银根盆地中央隆起带的南北两侧,通过对野外露头的详细观察及室内的分析研究,认为该火山岩形成于早白垩世中晚期,岩石类型主要为呈熔岩被产出的火山熔岩,包括撖榄粗面玄武岩、橄榄玄武粗安岩、粗安岩等,其次为少量的火山碎屑岩和次火山岩相的辉绿岩,岩石学及岩石化学研究表明,该火山岩为一套钾玄岩系列岩石,这套火山岩的喷发对油气的生成与聚集构成有利条件,首先,火山喷发提供的热能促进了盆地内烃源岩的成熟及向烃类的转化;其次,气孔、溶孔、溶洞、裂缝发育的火山岩可以作为良好的集集层,较厚的玄武岩层的中央相带及层状侵入的辉绿岩可以作为较好的盖层．     

山东东部中生代中基性火山岩的地球化学特征及成因探讨

本文对山东东部中生代中一基性火山岩的岩石化学、微量元素、稀土元素及铅同位素特征作了系统研究．该区中生代火山岩主要为玄武岩、粗面玄武岩、玄武质粗面安山岩、安山岩和粗面安山岩．玄武岩属钙碱性系列的拉斑玄武岩,微量元素特征显示大离子亲石元素和高场强元素均稍富集;稀土配分模式略呈右倾型,轻、重稀土之间的分馏不明显,基本无Eu异常;铅同位素组成显示玄武岩形成于原始地幔．粗面玄武岩和安山岩类属钙碱一弱碱性系列,微量元素特征显示大离子亲石元素富集,高场强元素含量低;稀土配分模式呈右倾型,轻、重稀土之间的分馏明显,基本无Eu异常;铅同位素组成显示粗面玄武岩形成于亏损地幔,安山岩类形成于富集地幔,具EMI属性．这些特征表明,山东东部中生代火山岩的岩浆来源于不同的源区．形成于早白垩世的安山岩类,产于活动大陆边缘拉张动力背景下,是由富集型地幔部分熔融形成的岩浆直接喷发形成;形成于晚白垩世的粗面玄武岩,也产于活动大陆边缘拉张动力背景下,随着弧后扩张引起拉伸作用,岩石圈伸展,从地幔来源的玄武质岩浆在上升过程中受到了陆壳物质的混染,之后沿着大断裂喷出地表形成本区显示亏损地幔来源特征的粗面玄武岩;形成于晚白垩世的玄武岩产于大陆板内拉张环境,是由原始地幔部分熔融而成的岩浆直接喷发形成．     

准噶尔盆地陆东地区巴塔玛依内山组火山喷发时空序列及其石油地质意义

石炭纪期间准噶尔盆地陆东地区作为相对独立的增生楔盆地进行富火山岩化充填演化,早石炭世晚期陆东地区进入碰撞后应力松驰期,发育区域性巴塔玛依内山组火山岩储层。通过井间对比和野外露头观察、地球化学和地球物理识别认为:陆东地区巴塔玛依内山组为一套低钾富钠碱性—亚碱性系火山岩,巴山组内部发育5个火山喷发旋回,自下向上火山活动逐渐减弱,并且在火山机构不同位置形成不同岩相组合方式;火山机构区带控制火山岩岩相分布,主火山机构以西发育中—基性安山岩和玄武岩;而火山中心以东发育有喷发相火山角砾岩和溢流相玄武岩或流纹岩;火山喷发时序内的火山间歇停滞期,有利于发育局部烃源岩和巴山组内幕火山岩风化壳储层,为陆东地区石炭系"自生自储"油气藏提供必要的生储条件。     

三塘湖盆地卡拉岗组火山岩岩石化学特征及构造环境

从钻井、薄片鉴定和化学分析入手,深入研究三塘湖盆地卡拉岗组火山岩的岩石类型、发育规律、化学成分特征.卡拉岗组火山岩以中基性的玄武岩、安山岩为主,化学成分以"高铝、低镁、低钾"为特征,属亚碱性系列中的钙碱性火山岩,FeO减少和Fe2O3富集的相对变化关系为卡拉岗组风化壳储层提供了理论依据.综合运用多种方法确定卡拉岗组火山岩形成于火山岛弧建造环境.     

辽河盆地西部凹陷南区火山岩地球化学特征

辽河盆地西部凹陷南区的火山岩主要分布于中生界和下第三系岩石类型多种多样。在岩石取心和岩石薄片不多的情况下，为了对本区火山岩准确定名，了解本区火山岩的地球化学特征以及岩浆的结晶分异等岩浆作用的形成和演化，对本区１２块火山岩的主元素分布（包括铬、钴、镍等微量元素分析）和块６块火山岩的稀土元素进行了分析。本区中生界岩石类型主要为安山岩和碱流岩，而房身泡组主要是碱性玄武岩和玄武岩类，这表明在岩浆的化过程中     

辽河盆地西部凹陷南区火山岩地球化学特征

辽河盆地西部凹陷南区的火山岩主要分布于中生界和下第三系,岩石类型多种多样。在岩石取心和岩石薄片不多的情况下,为了对本区火山岩准确定名,了解本区火山岩的地球化学特征以及岩浆的结晶分异等岩浆作用的形成和演化,对本区１２块火山岩的主元素分布（包括铬、钴、镍等微量元素分析）和７块火山岩的稀土元素进行了分析。本区中生界岩石类型主要为安山岩和碱流岩,而房身泡组主要是碱性玄武岩和玄武岩类,这表明在岩浆的演化过程中曾发生过橄榄石和辉石的结晶分异作用。本区火山岩应主要来自上地幔,而房身泡组源区相对较浅,可能有下地壳物质混人。     

内蒙古翁牛特旗地区早二叠世火山岩地球化学特征及其构造意义

研究区早二叠世火山-沉积岩系主要由火山角砾岩、凝灰质砂岩、凝灰岩、硅质岩、流纹岩、安山岩、珍珠岩等组成.其沉积建造和岩性组合表明:早二叠世,研究区位于岛弧和俯冲带之间的弧前盆地环境.二叠系下统额里图组火山岩的SiO2=50.23%~73.56%,Mg#=6.21~49.54,Na2O+K2O=5.27%~10.73%,Na2O/K2O=0.36~4.17,其中安山岩Mg#=49.54~62.61,归属为高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列.微量元素(La/Yb)N介于5.52~9.89之间,δEu=0.09~0.90,具有中等-强烈负铕异常,相对富集大离子亲石元素包括Rb,K,La,Th等,而等高场强元素P,Ta,Nb、Ti则表现亏损,指示岩浆形成于与俯冲带有关的岛弧或活动大陆边缘的构造环境.R1-R2因子投影判别图解亦表明其形成于同碰撞阶段,反映古亚洲洋板块向华北陆块俯持续冲过程持续的地球动力学环境.综上所述,可认为早二叠世期间,该地区仍处于古亚洲洋海域,而不是陆内裂陷槽.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.