基于区域划分的SAR图像相干斑各向异性扩散滤波算法

经典的细节保持各向异性扩散滤波算法(DPAD)在抑制SAR图像乘性相干斑噪声时,存在同质区块效应现象与边缘区噪声残留问题,为此提出了一种基于区域划分的各向异性扩散滤波算法。该算法通过在DPAD扩散方程中耦合方向扩散来抑制边缘区域相干斑与同质区块状起伏;通过阈值化的边缘强度映射对SAR图像实施同质区与边缘区的区域划分,并对不同区域采用不同尺度局域窗分别实施各向异性扩散滤波,从而在抑制同质区相干斑的同时有效保护边缘。实验结果表明：与多种各向异性扩散抑斑算法相比,本文算法在保护边缘的同时,能明显降低同质区块效应现象与边缘区噪声残留问题。     

基于区域划分的合成孔径雷达图像相干斑各向异性扩散滤波算法

经典的细节保持各向异性扩散滤波算法(DPAD)在抑制合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像乘性相干斑噪声时,存在同质区块效应现象与边缘区噪声残留问题;为此提出了一种基于区域划分的各向异性扩散滤波算法。该算法通过在DPAD扩散方程中耦合方向扩散来抑制边缘区域相干斑与同质区块状起伏。通过阈值化的边缘强度映射对SAR图像实施同质区与边缘区的区域划分;并对不同区域采用不同尺度局域窗分别实施各向异性扩散滤波,从而在抑制同质区相干斑的同时有效保护边缘。实验结果表明:与多种各向异性扩散抑斑算法相比,算法在保护边缘的同时,能明显降低同质区块效应现象与边缘区噪声残留问题。     

基于Gabor变换的雷达图像滤波及无监督分割

提出了一种基于Gabor小波变换的多尺度、多方向的SAR图像去除斑点噪声及纹理分割算法．根据SAR图像的特点设计一组Gabor滤波器，对SAR图像进行二维Gabor变换，得到一组滤波后多分辨率、多方向的图像．通过对滤波后的图像分别进行非线性变换，再用非相干均值平滑滤出斑点噪声，并计算每个像素在选定窗口内的能量，以此检测出纹理特征，用均方误差聚类方法得到分割的图像．给出对SAR图像进行纹理分割的满意实验结果，对照试验表明，该方法优于空间灰度共现矩阵方法．     

基于张量投票算法的SAR图像道路提取方法

阐述了张量投票算法基本原理,提出了一种利用张量投票算法从合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像中提取道路网的方法.首先利用一个比值算子和一个相关算子的融合检测算子将道路基元榆测出来;然后再利用方向可调滤波器进行SAR图像的局部方向估计;最后对方向估计结果进行张量编码,并采用张量投票算法构建道路网.基于真实SAR图像的实验结果显示,此方法对斑点噪声不敏感,不需对SAR图像进行复杂的预处理,就能快速、准确地检测SAR图像中的道路网.     

基于相似性度量的高分辨率SAR图像无监督分割

SAR图像中斑点噪声的存在给分割造成了严重的影响.为此,基于JSEG平台,针对高分辨率SAR图像的特点,提出了一种新的相似性度量,这也是该无监督分割算法的核心.该算法主要由预处理、纹理组合和区域生长三个步骤来完成.在纹理组合中,利用新的相似性度量标准,把预处理后的SAR数据通过计算映射成一组新的数据,这组新数据可初步表征图像的分割;最后利用简单的区域生长完成分割.实验结果表明,该方法充分利用了SAR图像的特征信息,能够准确实现对SAR图像的分割,并具有很好的稳健性.     

基于二阶灰度统计特征的SAR图像变化检测

为了探讨斑点噪声对SAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar)图像变化检测的影响,深入研究了SAR图像的二阶灰度统计特性,提出了一种基于二阶灰度统计特性的SAR图像变化检测算法,并针对斑点噪声,进行了比较变化检测实验.实验结果表明,该变化检测算法是可行、有效的,且不受斑点噪声的影响.     

超声图像斑点噪声限制的非线性各向异性扩散

结合非线性各向异性扩散和斑点噪声的限制,有效抑制临床超声图像斑点噪声.基于最小均方误差方法得到瞬时方差系数作为边缘检测器去控制扩散方程,并将经过对数压缩的斑点噪声模型限制通过附加能动项引入,通过能量最小化,自动估计附加能动项最优权值.仿真图像和临床超声图像实验证实,该算法能有效抑制斑点噪声、保留纹理信息.     

基于区域型MRF的SAR图像分割算法

针对迭代区域生长算法(IRGS)在处理含相干斑噪声严重的合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像时具有的边缘定位不准确和初始过度分割的两大不足,文章提出了一种新型的改进分割算法.通过各向异性扩散滤波(SRAD)抑制SAR图像的斑点噪声并增强图像的边缘信息,采用分水岭分割与区域邻接图(RAG)构建SAR图像的区域化表达.在此基础上,与...     

一种基于各向异性扩散的图像分割算法研究

针对煤矿井下图像对比度小、纹理不清晰和数据量大等问题,根据各向异性扩散在图像处理中具有良好的边缘保持与增强的作用,提出一种基于各向异性扩散的图像分割算法．首先在图像分割前对原图像进行各向异性扩散运算,在消除原图像噪声的同时,更好地划分了图像的边缘和纹理区域;然后提取图像的纹理特性运用到聚类算法中,从而对图像进行分割．实验证明：与未经扩散处理的分割算法相比,基于各向异性扩散的图像分割算法不仅改善了分割效果,而且提高了计算速度．     

基于小波域非对称广义Gauss分布纹理的SAR图像盲去噪

SAR图像盲去噪对后续图像处理具有重要的意义,结合非对称广义Gauss分布提出了新的Wiener滤波算法.首先广义Gauss分布函数被推广到非对称广义Gauss函数,用来描述SAR图像纹理特征.利用该纹理模型,由最大似然准则估计图像小波域的局部信号方差.实验表明非对称广义Gauss分布盲去噪算法能够有效地滤除斑点噪声同时较好地保持图像纹理信息.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.