重叠回线装置地下瞬变电磁法后延改正技术

为了提高重叠回线源地下瞬变电磁法资料解释效果,丰富精细探测理论体系,从均匀全空间介质中重叠回线源产生的感应电动势出发,推导了全空间视电阻率公式,并在地面斜阶跃波后延改正方法的基础上,对全空间关断效应的幅值影响和延时影响进行了分析;选择水文地质资料丰富的矿井开展了井下瞬变电磁超前探测实验,验证了后延改正方法和超前预报技术的效果。结果显示,重叠回线源全空间视电阻率值与中心回线源相同,均为地面瞬变电磁法的(5/2)2/3倍。全空间后延影响系数与半空间相同,因而可将半空间后延改正方法应用于全空间。但与半空间结论不同,全空间延时改正以tk方式最佳。井下实验成果与水文地质资料比较显示,幅值-延时联合改正提高了资料解释的准确性,该实验也验证了瞬变电磁超前探测技术的有效性。     

瞬变电磁探测技术及在潘一矿东区的应用

瞬变电磁探测技术是近年来广泛应用于煤矿井下地质探查工作的物探技术。本文在对瞬变电磁法探测原理的分析研究的基础上,对瞬变电磁探测的工作方法进行了研究。该探测方法对低阻体反映灵敏,尤其是在矿井水文探测时,受全空间影响,信噪比提高,可对井下巷道顶底板及超前水体进行探测;利用YCS40（A）型矿井瞬变电磁仪在潘一矿东区的部分巷道进行赋水性探测,深度-电阻率反演结果的解释与实际基本吻合,探测深度和解释方法可供参考。为巷道掘进提供了及时可靠的理论依据,缩短了巷道工期,在矿井水文地质探测中具有广泛的推广应用前景。     

基于瞬变电磁法的整合矿井火区分布探测方法

 针对资源整合矿井火区探测中普通探测技术耗时长、工程量大,且难以直接定位火区范围等问题,研究了基于瞬变电磁法的火区分布探测方法。以北祖矿为例,在井下全空间条件下,结合地质资料和现场地质情况,采用瞬变电磁仪对北祖矿9209 风巷上覆煤层进行超前探测和剖面探测,反演计算形成超前、剖面视电阻率图,根据巷道上覆煤层在视电阻率图中的响应特征,通过定性分析确定巷道上覆煤层的自然发火区域。结果表明,基于瞬变电磁法的整合矿井火区分布探测方法能够准确定位火区分布范围,可为打钻探测及灌浆堵漏等矿井防灭火工程提供科学依据,明显提高工程效率及效果。     

中心回线瞬变电磁法观测二次电位误差对计算全期视电阻率的影响研究

通过对均匀半空间中心回线装置瞬变电磁法核函数的研究,推导了中心回线瞬变电磁法观测二次电位误差对计算全期视电阻率的影响的表达式,发现在晚期微小的二次电位的误差将比早期对视电阻率的计算的影响更大,并介绍了目前对提高早晚期数据采集与处理质量的方法技术。     

矿井瞬变电磁场的倍数现象

为了准确计算矿井瞬变电磁场的磁场参数基于瞬变电磁场全空间和半空间研究理论研究矿井瞬变电磁场磁场强度与半空间瞬变电磁场磁场强度的关系提出矿井瞬变电磁场的倍数现象并在矿井中进行探测应用。研究结果表明全空间瞬变电磁场磁场强度与半空间瞬变电磁场磁场强度存在倍数现象即早期存在2倍的关系晚期存在2.5倍的关系延伸矿井瞬变电磁场磁场强度、电场强度、视电阻率计算也存在一定的倍数关系倍数现象的提出对研究矿井瞬变电磁场在理论和实践上具有重要的参考价值。     

井中瞬变电磁全区视电阻率解释方法研究

针对井中瞬变电磁全区视电阻率定义求解和解释方法开展研究。依据均质全空间瞬变电磁场解析式计算不同采样时间或装置条件下感应电压响应,认识到响应值在电阻率取值范围的全区间或部分区间内保持单调性。根据"牛顿-下降"最优化原理,给出一种井中瞬变电磁全区视电阻率求解方法,通过均质全空间瞬变电磁场响应试算结果与介质真电阻率对比验证该方法的精度和适用性。建立典型径向及垂向分层地电介质模型,通过时域有限差分法模拟计算瞬态场感应电压响应,并进行全区视电阻率换算分析。结果表明:视电阻率是不同时刻电磁场作用范围内所有电性体的综合反映,由全时段视电阻率结果识别全空间介质的径向及垂向电性情况具有一定可行性,各时道的视电阻率值可作为推断地电结构等信息的依据。     

矿井瞬变电磁传统视电阻率算法的可靠性分析

矿井瞬变电磁已普遍应用于我国各大矿区的水害探查。由于适用于矿井探测空间的视电阻率算法在大量数据处理平台中还未得到及时更新,很多矿方技术人员仍在沿用传统的地面视电阻率算法,其结果的可靠性值得探讨。通过将水平电偶极子产生的瞬变电磁场沿发射回线的路径进行积分,并基于磁矩等效原理,推导了矿井空间条件下的多匝方形回线瞬变电磁场响应公式,与数值计算结果进行对比,确定其最大误差为1.5%,证明该公式是准确的。利用相同测试参数条件下矿井与地面瞬变电磁场的对比,确定前者的响应幅值为后者的2.5倍,相应的视电阻率比值为1.842,进一步表明传统的地面视电阻率值与矿井视电阻率值之间仅存在固定的比例关系,对视电阻率的趋势特征并未改变,可认为传统视电阻率算法相对可靠,对现场勘探解释的影响较小。     

均匀半空间中心回线瞬变电磁法正演研究

通过对均匀半空间中心回线装置瞬变电磁法表达式分析,可以为瞬变电磁法的反演提供理论正演数据、可以为瞬变电磁法的反演提供一定的方法,同时还可以为野外生产设计与室内数据筛选与剔除提供一定的参考。通过一个反演实例说明在晚期微小的二次电位误差将对视电阻率的计算会产生很大的影响,并编制了matlab程序计算各种工作装置和视电阻率理论正演二次电位衰减到噪声影响程度高的准确时间,对工程设计、评价视电阻计算的准确度及剔除受噪声影响严重的数据有一定的参考性。     

瞬变电磁法在圪堆煤矿含(导)水构造超前探测中的应用

介绍了矿井瞬变电磁超前探测技术的原理与方法,以圪堆煤矿瞬变电磁法巷道超前探测为例,研究了圪堆煤矿井下试验区电阻率值与富水性关系,分析了矿井瞬变电磁法在探测迎头前方含(导)水构造中的应用,通过与矿井高密度电法的对比探测及钻探验证,说明矿井瞬变电磁法能够有效地查明掘进巷道前方含(导)水构造的分布情况,为煤矿安全掘进提供了技术保障。     

瞬变电磁法巷道超前探测

本文介绍了瞬变电磁法井下巷道超前探测的原理、技术、方法及应用。巷道超前探测、超前预报对于煤矿的安全掘进有着非常重要的作用。瞬变电磁法作为一种快速、高效、方便的探测方法,可以很好的满足矿井巷道超前预测、预报的要求。在实际工程勘探中,该方法可以准确反映出巷道前方地质体的空间特征,为矿井防治水害提供了依据。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to