沸石的改性及除磷性能研究

天然沸石经1 mol/L氢氧化钠浸泡1 h后又经20%氯化镁浸泡2d,然后在500℃下焙烧,改性后沸石除磷能力有较大提高.在此基础上研究了时间、投加量以及不同质量浓度磷水样条件下改性沸石的除磷效果.随着接触时间的延长,沸石的除磷效果增强,但在180 min以后增加缓慢,其吸附速度符合斑厄姆公式;随着原水质量浓度的增大,吸附容量也逐渐增大.吸附等温线可用Freund lich等温式描述,并通过电镜扫描从微观上进一步探讨了改性前后沸石的表面结构变化.     

市政污水厂二级出水深度脱氮除磷吸附材料

针对二级出水中氮、磷含量较高问题,对采用吸附法去除水中的氮、磷的天然吸附剂进行了改性和复合处理实验.结果表明,对天然沸石进行的四种改性方法中,改性效果排序为:盐热改性>盐改性>热改性>酸改性.经过盐热改性后的沸石脱氮能力提高了31.58%,最佳改性条件为:质量分数5.7%的NaCl改性2 h,500℃煅烧0.5 h.经复合后,改性沸石的除磷能力提高了68.35%,复合最佳条件为:LaCl3质量分数0.4%,复合时间1 h,200℃复焙烧失1 h.应用改性和复合后的吸附剂处理二级出水,可以有效地解决出水中氮、磷含量超标的问题.     

沸石的复合改性及其同步脱氮除磷效果

为了解决污水处理厂后续脱氮除磷处理工艺的占地及成本问题,以廉价天然沸石为原料,制备了能够同步脱氮除磷的复合改性沸石,研究了不同制备条件对吸附效果的影响.研究结果表明,季铵盐-氯化钠复合改性沸石不仅去除氨氮,而且实现了同步去除磷和硝氮,脱氮除磷速度快,效率高,且去除互不影响;对氨氮、磷和硝氮的吸附数据均符合伪二级动力学方程.当该沸石在生活污水中的投加量为50 g/L时,实际出水水质可由一级B一步提高到一级A,对氨氮、硝氮和磷的去除率分别高达71.09%,91.18%,93.11%.吸附饱和后的沸石经单一的NaCl溶液再生后可循环使用,且再生时间短,操作简单.该复合改性沸石在实际生活污水的处理中具有良好的应用前景.     

5种改性硅酸盐填料对磷的吸附性研究

对沸石、膨胀蛭石、瓷砂陶粒、页岩陶粒和黏土陶粒5种硅酸盐填料改性前后对水中磷的吸附性进行了研究,并分析了硅酸盐填料投加量、吸附时间和pH等因素对磷去除率的影响.结果表明:改性前,膨胀蛭石对磷的吸附性最好,瓷砂陶粒次之,黏土陶粒、页岩陶粒和沸石较差.经过镁盐和铝盐改性后,改性膨胀蛭石除磷效果最好,其最佳使用条件为:填料用量10 g/L,pH 5～9,吸附时间60 min,此时磷去除率可达97%以上.     

改性沸石强化A~2/O除磷研究

介绍了处理含磷废水的生物法和改性沸石处理法,阐述了污水除磷技术的新进展,探讨了生物法与化学法有机结合除磷的可能性,指出了沸石强化A2/O工艺除磷的可行性。     

复合改性沸石对生活污水中氮磷吸附效果的研究

沸石作为一种廉价的无机非金属的矿物,对生活污水中的氮磷具有一定的吸附能力,由于天然沸石对氮磷的吸附效果有限,所以需经过物理化学的方法通过提高沸石的空隙率和阳离子交换容量,来达到有效去除污水中氮磷的目的,故本文采取复合改性沸石对含氮磷废水进行研究,试验结果表明:氯化钠质量分数为5%、煅烧温度为400℃制得的复合改性沸石,对氨氮去除率可达到74.2%;镧改性沸石再进行高温处理,对磷去除率为86%。天然沸石经复合改性后对于氮磷的去除率大大提高。     

天然沸石及其改性对污水中磷的吸附

针对污水处理后的排放未达标水体,利用沸石这种天然价廉的多孔材料,经过一系列改性,引入活性功能基团,得到高效稳定的除磷吸附剂.以天然沸石为原材料,研究发现原始沸石的吸附效果不佳只能达到10%~20%,对其进行时间、温度单因素实验,进行比对.由于去除效果不佳选择对其进行改性,通过对酸碱盐分别浸泡,最后得出用20%Mg Cl2最佳,利用静态试验考察了p H值、温度、吸附剂投加量、吸附时间等方面对吸附剂吸附容量的影响;去除率在条件适宜时能达到70%~80%.最后对时间、温度、投加量进值行正交试验研究,确定了吸附的最佳条件为25℃,160 min,5 g,此时去除效果可达78%.     

天然斜发沸石除硅补铝改性对海水中K+的吸附性能研究

以浙江缙云天然斜发沸石为原料,研究通过焙烧后超声碱洗除硅,再经超声补铝后用钠盐复合改性对沸石吸附K~+性能的影响,提高对海水中K~+的吸附量.结果表明:采用0.18~0.38 mm的天然沸石,200℃下焙烧1.5 h,0.2 mol·L~(-1)的NaOH溶液超声处理2.0 h,0.5 mol·L~(-1)的AlCl_3溶液超声处理2.0 h,20%(质量分数)NaCl溶液煮沸30 min的方法复合改性得到的沸石对K~+吸附性能最佳,吸附量可达到25.64 mg·g~(-1),为天然斜发沸石吸附量的4.2倍.对最适宜条件改性后的沸石进行吸附K~+的动力学研究,其吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型.     

改性沸石处理酚类有机废水

天然沸石在我国储量丰富,但其本身亲水性性质和结构特点使其对有机废水的处理效果并不太显著,可以通过改性提高天然沸石对有机废水的处理效果.针对天然沸石除酚性能较差,通过实验研究了天然沸石的改性方法,以提高其对有机废水中酚类的吸附能力,为沸石经改性后处理废水的效果提供了科学依据.结果表明,活化改性后的沸石对酚类有机废水有一定的处理效果,去除率在10%~50%之间,废水质量浓度相同的不同改性条件下,NaCl活化效果最好,且NaCl的改性浓度为0.3 mol/L时达到最佳处理效果.去除率:NaClNaOHH_2SO_4加热,去除率随废水质量浓度上升而逐渐下降,在中性条件下处理效果最佳.     

不同原料对镁铝水滑石晶体结构及形貌影响的研究

采用双滴定法,分别以氯化镁和氯化铝、硝酸镁和硝酸铝、硫酸镁和硫酸铝为原料合成了镁铝水滑石.用XRD、SEM和FT-IR对样品的晶体结构、形貌和红外特征进行了表征.结果表明:采用上述几组原料均能合成出具有典型水滑石结构的样品,其中以氯化镁和氯化铝为原料合成的水滑石样品晶体结构较好,形貌规整、均一;以硫酸镁和硫酸铝为原料制备的水滑石,存在edge-face效应,XRD和IR分析显示,该样品的晶体表面吸附有SO42-.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-