论数学史与数学教育的结合

数学史的教育价值是整个数学教育界都认可的．但是数学史以何种形式才能更好地体现其教育价值呢?本中认为只有深入到数学学习过程中．找到数学史数学思想方法发展和学生学习数学过程中认识变化的接合点，才可以体现出数学史的教育价值。     

高师数学应该贯穿数学史的知识

在高师数学教学中,“数学史”作为一门非主干课常常受到冷落,导致许多数学系的学生连最基本的数学史知识都知之甚少。其实,数学史的知识不仅有利于激发、培养学生的学习兴趣,还可指引他们如何去探索未知的数学领域。高师数学必须重视数学史教学。     

数学史教育在中小学数学教育中的作用

中小学数学教育中应重视数学史教育，重视通过数学史教育所体现的数学精神和爱国主义精神，培养学生的科学素养和人文精神．通过数学史的学习和教学，对于开拓教师视野、拓宽教学思路、提高中小学数学教师的教育水平有重要作用．     

中国数学史研究范式的转换

概括 20世纪中国数学史研究的两次运动的特点,建立一个模型,以说明李俨与钱宝琮领导的“发现”范式与吴文俊领导的“复原”范式对中国的数学史研究的深刻影响。利用这个模型,解释两个重要现象发生的原因:其一,中国的数学史研究在 1970年代初和当今两度出现低潮;其二,绝大多数的中国数学史家都将自己的研究兴趣专注在中国传统数学上。为了改变这种现状,中国的数学史研究应该在现有的研究范式基础上,适时地、适当地予以改进,从发现“有什么数学”、复原“如何做数学”,扩充到“为什么要研究数学”。     

历史上的问题与问题解决的教育功能

数学史的教育价值愈来愈受到教育界重视和认可．历史上的数学问题与问题解决作为数学史的重要组成部分，具有重要的教育功能．这些功能包括：激发学生的学习兴趣，改变学生的数学观；了解丰富的社会文化信息，加强学生的数学文化修养；展现解题方法的演变；体现深刻的数学思想方法等等．这些功能对于寓数学史于数学教育的实践有一定的借鉴和指导意义．     

“崇宁算学令”研究

“崇宁算学令”是中国数学史及数学教育史上的重要文献之一，它表明了崇宁年间算学（数学专科学校）的课程设置，教学内容和考核方法，通过研究发现，由于“令”在数学专科学校中引入了数术课程，因此它对中国古代数学教育和数学发展产生了一系列的影响。     

笔底春秋铸古魂——科学史家杜石然先生访谈录

杜石然先生早年偶读三上义夫《东西数学史》对数学史发生兴趣，开始业余研究数学史，1957年考入中国科学院，师从李俨、钱宝琮先生，开始数学史的专业研究．“文革”后，他转向中国科技通史和中国思想史的研究．1990年退休后，在日本佛教大学等执教十年．在这篇访谈中，科学史家杜石然先生回顾了他从事中国数学史和中国科学史研究的半个多世纪的历程，总结了编撰《中国数学简史》、《中国科学技术史稿》等重要学术著作的经验，并展望了中国科学技术史和中国数学史研究的前景．     

“吴文俊数学与天文丝路基金”与数学史研究

长期以来．吴文俊院士以他的精深研究和崇高威望对中国的数学史界给予了鼎力支持．为中国数学史事业的发展做出了不可磨灭的贡献．他用自己获得的国家最高科技奖建立了“吴文俊数学与天文丝路基金”．拔巨款资助数学史研究．充分表明了他对中国数学史界的深情与厚望．这不仅是给我国的数学史研究以有力的物质支持．更重要的是给我国数学史同仁以巨大的精神鼓舞．此举已产生了广泛热烈的社会影响．“吴文俊数学与天文丝路基金”是一项有鲜明特色和深远意义的研究计划．此项计划的提出和实施无疑将对我国的数学史研究产生深远的影响．在这里．我们将阐述设立此项基金对于我国数学史研究的重要推动作用．说明其创新意义．并介绍基金项目的一些进展情况．     

浅谈在数学教学中增加数学史知识的必要性

数学史是数学发展中不可或缺的一部分。在数学教学中适时适当增加一些数学史知识可以帮助学生了解数学知识的来源,消除学生对数学的枯燥感,激发学生对数学学习的兴趣,启迪学生的数学思维。本文结合作者本人的教学经验与切身体会,从四个方面探讨了在数学教学中增加数学史知识的必要性。     

有关数学史与数学教育实质联系的调查

通过对有关数学史与数学教育实质联系的调查和分析，得到了一些相关结果．数学史和数学教育有着重要关系，它们之间的相关性依学校类别不同而不同．数学史应与数学教育密切结合，小学、中学、大学，应一以贯之．我们应深入挖掘数学史的教育价值．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.